Ngaphezulu kwe-200 yezityalo zokuvelisa imichiza kwilizwe lonke - kubandakanywa ezininzi eTexas ecaleni kweGulf Coast - kuya kufuneka ukuba kuncitshiswe ukukhutshwa kwetyhefu okunokubangela umhlaza kubantu abahlala kufuphi phantsi komgaqo omtsha we-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo ebhengezwe ngoLwesibili.
Ezi ndawo zisebenzisa iikhemikhali eziyingozi ukwenza iiplastiki, iipeyinti, amalaphu okwenziwa, amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi kunye nezinye iimveliso zepetrochemical.Uluhlu lwe-EPA lubonisa ukuba malunga ne-80, okanye i-40% yazo, ifumaneka eTexas, ikakhulukazi kwizixeko ezinxweme ezifana neBaytown, iChannelview, iCorpus Christi, iDeer Park, iLa Porte, iPasadena nePort Arthur.
Umgaqo omtsha ugxile ekunciphiseni iikhemikhali ezintandathu: i-ethylene oxide, i-chloroprene, i-benzene, i-1,3-butadiene, i-ethylene dichloride kunye ne-vinyl chloride.Zonke ziyaziwa ngokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza kwaye zibangele umonakalo kwi-nervous, cardiovascular and immune system emva kokuvezwa kwexesha elide.
Ngokutsho kwe-EPA, umgaqo omtsha uya kubetha ngaphezu kweetoni ze-6,000 zokungcola komoya ezinobuthi ngonyaka kwaye unciphise inani labantu abanomngcipheko ophezulu womhlaza nge-96% kwilizwe lonke.
Lo mthetho mtsha uza kufuna ukuba amaziko afakele izixhobo zokubeka iliso zomoya ezilinganisa ukugxilwa kwekhemikhali ethile kumgca wepropati wesiza sokwenziwa kwemveliso.
Sinokubonelela ngee-sensors zegesi zeparameter ezininzi ezinokubeka iliso kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zegesi
UHarold Wimmer, umongameli kunye ne-CEO ye-American Lung Association, kwisiteyitimenti esithi abantu abajonga umoya "baya kunceda ukukhusela uluntu olukufutshane ngokubanika ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nomgangatho womoya abawuphefumlayo."
Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba iindawo ezihlala abantu ngemibala zibonakala zisesichengeni songcoliseko oluvela kwizityalo ezenza imichiza.
UCynthia Palmer, umhlalutyi ophezulu wepetrochemicals kunye ne-moms nonprofit Moms Clean Air Force, kwingxelo ebhaliweyo ukuba umthetho omtsha "uyinto enzulu kum.Umhlobo wam osenyongweni ukhule kufutshane nesithoba sendawo yokwenziwa kwemichiza eTexas eza kugutyungelwa kolu lawulo lutsha.Wabulawa ngumhlaza xa abantwana bakhe besesikolweni.”
UPalmer uthe umthetho omtsha linyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili kubulungisa bendalo esingqongileyo.
Isibhengezo sangoLwesibini siza kwinyanga emva kokuba i-EPA ivume umgaqo wokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-ethylene oxide kwiindawo zorhwebo zokuvala inzala.ELaredo, abahlali bathi izityalo ezinjalo zibe negalelo kumazinga aphezulu omhlaza esixekweni.
U-Hector Rivero, umongameli kunye ne-CEO ye-Texas Chemistry Council, wathi kwi-imeyile ukuba umthetho omtsha we-EPA uya kuba nempembelelo enkulu ekwenzeni i-ethylene oxide, ethe ibalulekile kwiimveliso ezifana neemoto zombane kunye ne-computer chips, kunye ne-ethylene oxide. ukucoca iimveliso zonyango.
URivero uthe ibhunga, elimele ngaphezu kwezixhobo ze-200 kwishishini lokwenziwa kweekhemikhali, liya kuhambelana nemimiselo emitsha, kodwa ukholelwa ukuba indlela i-EPA ihlole ngayo ingozi yempilo ye-ethylene oxide yayinephutha ngokwesayensi.
“Ukuthembela kwe-EPA kulwazi oluphelelwe lixesha lokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kukhokelele kumgaqo wokugqibela osekelwe kwimingcipheko enyukayo kunye neenzuzo eziqikelelwayo,” utshilo uRivero.
Umgaqo omtsha uqala ukusebenza kungekudala emva kokupapashwa kwiRejista ye-Federal.Ukunciphisa okukhulu kwingozi yomhlaza kuya kuvela ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwe-ethylene oxide kunye ne-chloroprene.Izibonelelo kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zokunciphisa i-ethylene oxide phakathi kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba umthetho usebenze kwaye kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ze-chloroprene kwiintsuku ezingama-90 emva komhla wokuqalisa.
UVictoria Cann, isithethi kunye ne-arhente yendalo yelizwe, iKhomishoni yaseTexas kuMgangatho wokusiNgqongileyo, uthe kwingxelo ukuba i-arhente iya kwenza uphando ukuvavanya ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zomgaqo omtsha njengenxalenye yokuthotyelwa kwayo kunye nenkqubo yokuthotyelwa.
Lo mthetho ujolise kwizixhobo kumaziko okwenziwa kweekhemikhali ezikhupha ungcoliseko lomoya njengeenkqubo zokutshintshiselana kobushushu (izixhobo ezifudumeza okanye ezipholisa ulwelo), kunye neenkqubo ezifana nokukhupha umoya kunye nokuvutha okukhupha iigesi emoyeni.
Ukuvutha rhoqo kwenzeka ngexesha lokuqalisa, ukuvalwa kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle.ETexas, iinkampani zinike ingxelo yokukhulula i-1 yesigidi seeponti zongcoliseko olugqithisileyo ngexesha lokubanda kukaJanuwari.Abameli bezendalo babize ezo ziganeko njengeendawo zokunyanzeliswa kokusingqongileyo ezivumela izibonelelo ukuba zingcolise ngaphandle kwesohlwayo okanye izohlwayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezifana nemozulu embi kakhulu okanye iintlekele zekhemikhali.
Umgaqo ufuna izibonelelo zenze ingxelo eyongezelelweyo yokuthobela kunye novavanyo lomsebenzi emva kweziganeko ezinjalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-11-2024