Idatha echanekileyo yemvula yeyona nto iphambili kwi-meteorology yanamhlanje, i-hydrology, kunye nolawulo lwezolimo. Njengonjineli ophezulu wezixhobo zemozulu, ndibeka phambili izinzwa ezilungelelanisa ukuthembeka koomatshini kunye nemveliso yesignali ephezulu. Le ngxelo ihlola izisombululo ezibini zomgangatho wobungcali: i-ABS (iPlastic yoBunjineli) kunye nee-Stainless Steel tipping bucket rain gauges, zivavanya ulwazi lwazo lobunjineli kunye nokufaneleka kokusingqongileyo.
1. Intshayelelo kwiTekhnoloji yeTipping Bucket
I-tipping bucket rain gauge isebenzisa isakhiwo esiqinileyo esenzelwe ukulinganisa umthamo wexesha elide ngokuchanekileyo. Amanzi emvula angena kwindawo yokuqokelela amanzi aze aqondiswe nge-internal funnel aye kwi-metering tipping bucket. Le bhakethi ibunjwe nge-injection kwaye yahlulwe yangamagumbi amabini anesiqingatha sekhowuni anomthamo olinganayo nge-partition ephakathi.
Indlela yokubonisa yinkqubo ephucukileyo yoomatshini:
- Umda womthamo:Xa igumbi elinye lifumana umthamo wamanzi emvula omiselweyo (ngesiqhelo yi-0.5mm), umbindi womxhuzulane uyatshintsha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibhakethi ibhukuqeke. Njengoko igumbi elipheleleyo liphuma, igumbi elichasene nalo liyahamba liye kwindawo yalo.
- Ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo:Isixhobo sentsimbi esinomtsalane sifakwe eludongeni olusecaleni lwebhakethi ejikayo. Njengoko ibhakethi ijika, imagnethi "iskena ecaleni" kwetyhubhu yengcongolo eyomileyo. Esi senzo sokuskena sivula kwaye sivale iswitshi, sivelise isignali ye-pulse ehambelana nokunyuka kwemvula ethile.
2. Iprofayili yeMveliso:I-ABS (iPlastiki yoBunjineli) I-Rain Gauge
Imodeli ye-ABS sisixhobo esincinci nesichanekileyo kakhulu esenzelwe iindawo apho ukumelana nokuxinana kwe-oxidation kunye nokulula kokufakwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iimpawu zoBugcisa eziPhambili:
- Isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo:Yenziwe ngeplastiki yobunjineli ye-ABS eqinileyo. Le nto ayigcini nje ngokumelana nokugqwala kodwa inika "ubuthambileyo obuphezulu," into ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iimpazamo zokulinganisa ezibangelwa ngamanzi amileyo.
- Ubunjineli bokungena:Inendawo yokungena yemvula engama-200mm enoyilo "olubukhali" oluyi-40-45 degrees ukunciphisa ukutshiza nokuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokubamba.
- Iinkcukacha Zomzimba:Unyawo oluncinci olunobude obuyi-220mm kunye nobubanzi besiseko obuyi-\phi 217mm.
- Ukufakelwa kunye noHlanganiso:Ibandakanya iqamza lokulungisa amanqanaba elakhelwe ngaphakathi kwisiseko. Ixhotyiswe ngentambo ekhuselweyo eneziseko ezine engenakungenwa ngamanzi, engangenwa yioyile, kwaye yenzelwe amandla aqinileyo okulwa nokuphazamiseka.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla:Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi ngesantya sokusebenzisa esingu-0.24W kuphela.
3. Iprofayili yeMveliso:I-Stainless Steel Rain Gauge
Imodeli yeStainless Steel sisixhobo esomeleleyo, esikumgangatho ophezulu ngokwembonakalo esenzelwe ukuqina okugqithisileyo kunye nokusebenza okukhethekileyo kwiindawo ezibandayo.
Iimpawu zoBugcisa eziPhambili:
- Ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo:Inesigqubuthelo sentsimbi engagqwaliyo esimelana nokugqwala, esikhazimlayo nesikhusela kakhulu kwiindawo ezinobungozi.
- Ukusebenza kweMozulu ebandayo:Yenzelwe ngokukodwa iimeko zekhephu, le modeli ibandakanya isiphelo sentambo yokufudumeza. Isixhobo sokufudumeza se-220VAC sinokudityaniswa ukuze sinyibilikise ikhephu kwaye sithintele ukubanda, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwedatha unyaka wonke.
- Ubunjineli bokungena:Isebenzisa i-inlet efanayo ye-\phi 200mm enomphetho obukhali we-40–45 degrees ukugcina amandla okubamba ahambelanayo.
- Iinkcukacha Zomzimba:Iprofayili enkulu nebonakalayo elinganisa i-\phi 216mm \iphindaphindwe i-460mm.
- Iprofayili yoLondolozo:Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kude ixesha elide kunye nobomi bebhetri obulinganisiweyo beminyaka emi-5.
4. Uphawu olubalulekileyo loLondolozo: Inkqubo yokuHlalisa iintaka ezichaseneyo
Ukugcina idatha ithembekile kwaye kuncitshiswe imijikelo yokugcinwa kwentsimi, zombini ezi modeli zisebenzisa inkqubo ekhethekileyo ye-"ANTI-Bird Net".
- Isithinteli soomatshini:Nangona isigama esithi “net” sisetyenziswa, inkqubo ebonakalayo ineenaliti/izikhonkwane zentsimbi ezibukhali ezifakwe kwirim okanye embindini. Ezi zithintela iintaka ukuba zingazaleli kwisixhobo kwaye zivale i-funnel.
- Ukucoca Okunezigaba Ezininzi:Ukhuselo oluphambili lubandakanya imingxunya ye-mesh kwi-funnel ukuthintela amagqabi ukuba angavali ukuhamba kwamanzi. Oku kongezwa sisihluzo sesibini sentsimbi engagqwaliyo esakhelwe ngaphakathi esenzelwe ukubamba inkunkuma encinci ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwindlela yokujika.
5. Uthelekiso lweeNkcukacha zoBugcisa
| Uphawu | Imodeli yePlastiki yoBunjineli be-ABS | Imodeli yentsimbi engatyiwayo |
| Izinto eziphathekayo | Ubunjineli beplastiki ye-ABS | Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo |
| Isisombululo | 0.2mm / 0.5mm | 0.5mm |
| Uluhlu Lobunzima Bemvula | 0.01mm \sim 4mm/min | 0.01mm \sim 4mm/min |
| Ubungakanani beMvula obuphezulu | 8mm/ngomzuzu | 8mm/ngomzuzu |
| Ukuchaneka kokulinganisa | \le \pm 3\% | \le \pm 3\% |
| Ubukhulu | Ukuphakama: 220mm, Ububanzi: \phi 217mm | \phi 216mm \phinda 460mm |
| Ukunikezwa Amandla | 4.5–30V DC (ye-RS485) | 5–24V / 12–24V DC (ixhomekeke kwi-variant) |
| Amandla / Ibhetri | Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-0.24W | Ubomi bebhetri beminyaka emi-5 |
| Iimpawu zeziphumo | I-RS485, iPulse, 4-20mA, 0-5V/10V | I-RS485, iPulse, i-4-20mA, iVoltage (0-2V/5V/10V) |
| Ubushushu bokusebenza | 0^\circ C ukuya kwi-70^\circ C | -10^\circ C ukuya kuma-50^\circ C (ixhasa ukufudumeza) |
| Ubuntu bezizalwane | < 100% (40^\circ C) | < 95% (40^\circ C) |
6. Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha kunye noQhagamshelo
Ezi sensors zenzelwe ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwiinkqubo ze-IoT zanamhlanje. Zixhasa iimodyuli ezahlukeneyo zothumelo olungenazingcingo (i-GPRS, i-4G, i-WIFI, i-LORA, i-LORAWAN) zokujonga kude.
Kwabahlanganisi beenkqubo, imveliso ye-RS485 isebenzisaiprotokholi esemgangathweni yeModbus-RTUkunyeidilesi yesixhobo esisiseko ye-01Idatha ingabonwa ngexesha langempela ngamaqonga e-cloud afikelelekayo ngeebrowser zeWebhu, ii-apps zeMobile, kunye neePC zeTablet.
7. Iimeko zeSicelo soBuchule
- Imozulu kunye neHydrology:Izikhululo zemozulu zesizwe kunye nokubeka esweni okubalulekileyo kwamanzi.
- Ulawulo lwaManzi:Ukujonga umgangatho wedama kunye nokhuseleko lwedama.
- Umhlaba kunye neZixhobo zeNdalo:
- Ezolimo:Ulawulo lokunkcenkceshela kunye nohlalutyo lwemozulu yezityalo.
- Amahlathi:Uvavanyo lomngcipheko womlilo kunye nokubeka esweni impilo yamahlathi.
- Uphando lwezeNzululwazi:Izikhululo zokujonga amasimi ezikude.
8. Isikhokelo soKhetho: Ukukhetha Izinto eziLungileyo
Ukukhetha imodeli echanekileyo kufuna uvavanyo lwendawo ethile yokusasazwa:
- Ncoma iModeli ye-ABS kwi:
- Ukufakwa kwemozulu okuqhelekileyo apho kufuneka khona ukuqina "okungenamhlwa".
- Iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70^\circ C) okanye kwiindawo ezishushu apho umswakama uhlala ufikelela kwi-100\%.
- Iiprojekthi zibeka phambili ukuchaneka okuphezulu ngenxa yokuba izinto zithambile kwaye amanzi anciphile.
- Ncoma iModeli yeNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo kwi:
- Iindawo ezichaphazeleka yimozulu ekhephu apho ukhetho lokufudumeza lwe-220VAC lubalulekile.
- Iindawo ezikunxweme okanye kwimizi-mveliso ezifuna ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kwesakhiwo.
- Iindawo ezikude apho ubomi bebhetri beminyaka emi-5 bunciphisa iindleko zokulungisa.
- Qaphela: Kwiindawo ezishushu ezinomswakama, qinisekisa ukuba umswakama uhlala ngaphakathi kwe-<95\% specification.
9. Isishwankathelo sokugqibela
Zombini ii-ABS kunye nee-Stainless Steel tipping bucket rain gauges zibonelela ngokuchaneka kokulinganisa okusemgangathweni wobungcali kwe-\le \pm 3\%. Ngokusebenzisa uyilo loomatshini oluqinileyo, ii-inlets ezibukhali, kunye nee-spikes ezidibeneyo zokulwa neentaka, ezi zixhobo ziqinisekisa ukuqokelelwa kwedatha okuthembekileyo kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci. Nokuba zibeka phambili uzinzo lobushushu kunye nokugudama kwe-ABS okanye amandla aqinileyo, ashushu e-Stainless Steel, zombini ezi modeli zimele umgangatho wegolide wokujonga okusingqongileyo kwanamhlanje.
Iithegi:
Igeyiji yemvula yebhakethi ejikayo|Isenzi semvula|Igeyiji yokuna kwemvula|Igeyiji yemvula engu-0.2mm|Igeyiji yemvula engu-0.5mm|Igeyiji yemvula enesisombululo esiphezulu|Ukuchaneka kwegeyiji yemvula
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