1. Isishwankathelo
Inkqubo yokulumkisa ngeentlekele zezikhukhula zeentaba yindlela ebalulekileyo engeyiyo eyobunjineli yokuthintela iintlekele zezikhukhula zeentaba.
Ngokuyintloko malunga nemiba emithathu yokubeka esweni, isilumkiso sangethuba kunye nokuphendula, inkqubo yokubeka esweni amanzi kunye nemvula edibanisa ukuqokelelwa kolwazi, ukudluliselwa kunye nohlalutyo idityaniswe nenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba kunye nokuphendula. Ngokwenqanaba lengxaki yolwazi lwesilumkiso sangethuba kunye noluhlu lomonakalo onokwenzeka wentlambo yentaba, khetha iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokulumkisa kwangethuba ukuze ufumane ukulayisha ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo kolwazi lwesilumkiso, usebenzise umyalelo wesayensi, ukwenza izigqibo, ukuthunyelwa, kunye nokuhlangula kunye noncedo lweentlekele, ukuze iindawo zentlekele zikwazi ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ngexesha ngokwesicwangciso sokuthintela iintlekele zezikhukula ukunciphisa iingozi kunye nokulahleka kwepropathi.
2. Uyilo Olupheleleyo Lwenkqubo
Inkqubo yokulumkisa ngeentlekele zezikhukula zeentaba eyilwe yinkampani isekelwe kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bolwazi lwejografi obunemilinganiselo emithathu ukuze kufezekiswe ukujongwa kwemeko yamanzi emvula kunye nesilumkiso semeko yamanzi emvula. Ukujongwa kwamanzi emvula kuquka iinkqubo ezingaphantsi ezifana nenethiwekhi yesitishi sokujonga amanzi kunye nemvula, ukuhanjiswa kolwazi kunye nokuqokelelwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela; isilumkiso samanzi emvula siquka uphando lolwazi olusisiseko, inkonzo yesizwe yasemaphandleni, inkonzo yohlalutyo lwamanzi emvula, imeko yamanzi eqikelelweyo, ukukhutshwa kwesilumkiso kwangethuba, impendulo engxamisekileyo kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo, njl. Le nkqubo ikwabandakanya inkqubo yoqeqesho lweqela elijongene nemibutho yokulwa nemibutho kunye nepropaganda ukuze kudlale indima epheleleyo kwinkqubo yokulumkisa ngeentlekele zezikhukula zeentaba.
3. Ukubeka iliso kwimvula yamanzi
Ukubeka iliso emanzini emvula kule nkqubo kuquka isikhululo sokubeka iliso kwimvula esenziwe ngokwenziwa, isikhululo sokubeka iliso kwimvula esidibeneyo, isikhululo sokubeka iliso kwiliso kwiliso lemvula ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nesikhululo esisembindini wedolophu/idolophu; le nkqubo isebenzisa indibaniselwano yokubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokubeka iliso ngesandla ukuze kulungiselelwe izikhululo zokubeka iliso ngendlela eguquguqukayo. Izixhobo eziphambili zokubeka iliso yigeyiji yemvula elula, igeyiji yemvula yebhakethi enika imvula, igeyiji yamanzi kunye negeyiji yenqanaba lamanzi yohlobo lwefloat. Le nkqubo ingasebenzisa indlela yonxibelelwano ekumfanekiso olandelayo:
4. Iqonga Lokubeka Esweni Kwinqanaba Lesithili Nesilumkiso Kwangethuba
Iqonga lokubeka esweni kunye nelokulumkisa kwangethuba ngundoqo wokucubungula ulwazi lwedatha kunye nenkonzo yokubeka esweni iintlekele zeentaba kunye nenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba. Iquka ikakhulu inethiwekhi yekhompyutha, isiseko sedatha kunye nenkqubo yesicelo. Imisebenzi ephambili ibandakanya inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela, inkqubo engaphantsi kwemibuzo yolwazi olusisiseko, inkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yomhlaba yemozulu, kunye nenkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yamanzi emvula, inkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yokukhulula isilumkiso kwangethuba, njl.
(1) Inkqubo yokuqokelelwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela
Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela kugqitywa ikakhulu kukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye neempahla eziphakathi zokutshintshiselana. Ngokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye neempahla eziphakathi zokutshintshiselana, idatha yokubeka esweni isikhululo ngasinye semvula kunye nesikhululo samanzi ifunyanwa ngexesha langempela kwinkqubo yesilumkiso sentlekele yezikhukula zeentaba.
(2) Inkqubo engaphantsi kwemibuzo yolwazi olusisiseko
Ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo yejografi ye-3D ukuze kuphunyezwe umbuzo kunye nokufumana ulwazi olusisiseko, umbuzo wolwazi unokudityaniswa nomhlaba weentaba ukwenza iziphumo zombuzo zibe lula kwaye zibe yinyani, kwaye unikezele ngeqonga lokwenza izigqibo elibonakalayo, elisebenzayo nelikhawulezayo lenkqubo yokwenza izigqibo zobunkokeli. Ngokuyintloko libandakanya ulwazi olusisiseko lwendawo yolawulo, ulwazi lombutho ofanelekileyo wokuthintela izikhukula, ulwazi lwesicwangciso sokuthintela izikhukula esilinganisiweyo, imeko esisiseko yesikhululo sokubeka iliso, ulwazi lwemeko yomsebenzi, ulwazi lwendawo encinci yamanzi, kunye nolwazi lwentlekele.
(3) Inkqubo engaphantsi kweNkonzo yoMhlaba yeMeteorological
Ulwazi lomhlaba wemozulu lubandakanya ikakhulu imephu yelifu lemozulu, imephu yeradar, uqikelelo lwemozulu lwesithili (sesithili), uqikelelo lwemozulu lwesizwe, imephu ye-topographic yeentaba, ukudilika komhlaba kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nolunye ulwazi.
(4) Inkqubo engaphantsi yenkonzo yamanzi emvula
Inkqubo engaphantsi yenkonzo yamanzi emvula ibandakanya ikakhulu iindawo ezininzi ezifana nemvula, amanzi omlambo, kunye namanzi echibi. Inkonzo yemvula inokuphumeza umbuzo wemvula wexesha langempela, umbuzo wemvula yembali, uhlalutyo lwemvula, umzobo wenkqubo yemvula, ukubalwa kokuqokelelwa kwemvula, njl. Inkonzo yamanzi omlambo ibandakanya ikakhulu iimeko zamanzi zomlambo zexesha langempela, umbuzo wemeko yamanzi yembali yomlambo, umzobo wemephu yenkqubo yamanzi omlambo, inqanaba lamanzi. Igophe lobudlelwane bokuhamba kwamanzi lizotywe; imeko yamanzi echibini ibandakanya umbuzo wemeko yamanzi echibi, umzobo wenkqubo yokutshintsha kwenqanaba lamanzi echibi, umgca wenkqubo yokugcina amanzi echibini, ulawulo lwamanzi lwexesha langempela kunye nothelekiso lwenkqubo yolawulo lwamanzi lwembali, kunye negophe lomthamo wokugcina.
(5) Inkqubo engaphantsi yenkonzo yokuqikelela imeko yamanzi
Le nkqubo igcina ujongano lweziphumo zokuqikelela izikhukhula, kwaye isebenzisa iteknoloji yokubona izinto ukuze ibonise inkqubo yokuvela kwezikhukhula kubasebenzisi, kwaye ibonelela ngeenkonzo ezifana nokubuza ngetshathi kunye nokunikezelwa kweziphumo.
(6) Inkqubo engaphantsi yenkonzo yokukhulula isilumkiso kwangethuba
Xa inqanaba lemvula okanye lamanzi elibonelelwa yinkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yokuqikelela amanzi lifikelela kwinqanaba lesilumkiso elimiselwe yinkqubo, inkqubo iya kungena ngokuzenzekelayo kumsebenzi wesilumkiso sasekuqaleni. Inkqubo engaphantsi iqala ikhuphe isilumkiso sangaphakathi kubasebenzi bolawulo lwezikhukula, kwaye isilumkiso sasekuqaleni kuluntu ngohlalutyo lwesandla.
(7) Inkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yokusabela kwimeko kaxakeka
Emva kokuba inkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yokukhupha isilumkiso kwangethuba ikhuphe isilumkiso esidlangalaleni, inkqubo engaphantsi kwenkonzo yokusabela ngokukhawuleza iqala ngokuzenzekelayo. Le nkqubo ingaphantsi iya kubonelela abenzi bezigqibo ngomsebenzi oneenkcukacha nopheleleyo wokuphendula kwiintlekele zentaba.
Xa kwenzeka intlekele, le nkqubo iya kubonelela ngemephu eneenkcukacha zendawo yentlekele kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufuduka kwaye ibonelele ngenkonzo yoluhlu oluhambelanayo. Ukuphendula umba wokhuseleko lobomi kunye nepropathi oluziswa ebantwini zizikhukula zequbuliso, le nkqubo ikwabonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlangula, iindlela zokuzihlangula kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kwaye ibonelele ngeenkonzo zempendulo ngexesha langempela kwiziphumo zokuphunyezwa kwezi nkqubo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-10-2023