Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela kunye nokukhula kwenani labantu kuvelisa imingeni eyandayo kwimveliso yezolimo, abalimi kulo lonke elaseIndiya bamkela ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe obutsha ukuphucula isivuno sezityalo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo. Phakathi kwazo, ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba kuya kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuphuculwa kwezolimo, kwaye kufumene iziphumo ezimangalisayo. Nazi imizekelo ethile kunye nedatha ebonisa indlela izinzwa zomhlaba ezingasetyenziswa ngayo kwezolimo zaseIndiya.
Imeko yokuqala: Ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo eMaharashtra
Imvelaphi:
IMaharashtra yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili kwezolimo eIndiya, kodwa ijongene nokunqongophala kwamanzi okukhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, urhulumente wengingqi usebenzisana neenkampani zobuchwepheshe bezolimo ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba kwiilali ezininzi.
Ukuphunyezwa:
Kwiprojekthi yovavanyo, abalimi bafake izixhobo zokuva amanzi omhlaba emasimini abo. Ezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukujonga umswakama womhlaba ngexesha langempela kwaye zidlulisele idatha kwifowuni yomlimi. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ebonelelwe zizi zixhobo, abalimi banokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha kunye nomthamo wokunkcenkceshela.
Isiphumo:
Ukulondolozwa kwamanzi: Ngokunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kuncitshiswe malunga nama-40%. Umzekelo, kwifama engama-50 eehektare, imali eyongiweyo yenyanga ifikelela kwi-2,000 cubic metres yamanzi.
Isivuno sesivuno esiphucukileyo: Isivuno sesivuno sinyuke malunga ne-18% ngenxa yokunkcenkceshela okunzulu ngokwesayensi. Umzekelo, isivuno esiphakathi somqhaphu sinyuke ukusuka kwi-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.1 yeetoni ngehektare.
Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko: Iindleko zombane zabalimi zeepompo zincitshisiwe malunga ne-30%, kwaye iindleko zokunkcenkceshela ngehektare nganye zincitshisiwe malunga ne-20%.
Ingxelo evela kubalimi:
“Ngaphambili besisoloko sixhalabile ngokungankcenkcesheli ngokwaneleyo okanye kakhulu, ngoku ngezi sensors singakwazi ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bamanzi, izityalo zikhula ngcono kwaye ingeniso yethu inyukile,” utshilo omnye umlimi obandakanyeka kule projekthi.
Ityala lesi-2: Ukuchumisa ngokuchanekileyo ePunjab
Imvelaphi:
IPunjab yeyona ndawo iphambili ekuvelisweni kokutya eIndiya, kodwa ukuchumisa kakhulu kukhokelele ekonakaleni komhlaba nasekungcolisweni kokusingqongileyo. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, urhulumente wengingqi ukhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zezondlo zomhlaba.
Ukuphunyezwa:
Abalimi bafake izixhobo zokubona izondlo zomhlaba emasimini abo ezijonga ubungakanani benitrogen, iphosphorus, ipotassium kunye nezinye izondlo emhlabeni ngexesha langempela. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha enikwe ziizixhobo, abalimi banokubala ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani besichumisi esifunekayo baze basebenzise isichumisi esichanekileyo.
Isiphumo:
Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi: Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi kwehle ngama-30 ekhulwini. Umzekelo, kwifama eyi-100 yeehektare, imali eyongiweyo ngenyanga kwiindleko zezichumisi ifikelele kwi-$5,000.
Isivuno sesivuno esiphucukileyo: Isivuno sesivuno sinyuke malunga ne-15% ngenxa yokuchumisa okunzulu ngokwesayensi. Umzekelo, isivuno esiqhelekileyo sengqolowa sinyuke ukusuka kwiitoni ezi-4.5 ukuya kwezi-5.2 ngehektare nganye.
Ukuphuculwa kokusingqongileyo: Ingxaki yongcoliseko lomhlaba namanzi olubangelwa kukuchumisa kakhulu iphuculwe kakhulu, kwaye umgangatho womhlaba uphuculwe malunga ne-10%.
Ingxelo evela kubalimi:
“Ngaphambili, besisoloko sixhalabile ngokungafaki isichumiso esaneleyo, ngoku ngezi sensors, singakwazi ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani besichumiso esisetyenziswayo, izityalo zikhula ngcono, kwaye iindleko zethu ziphantsi,” utshilo omnye umlimi obandakanyekayo kule projekthi.
Ityala lesi-3: Impendulo yoTshintsho lweMozulu eTamil Nadu
Imvelaphi:
I-Tamil Nadu yenye yemimandla yaseIndiya echaphazeleka kakhulu lutshintsho lwemozulu, eneziganeko zemozulu ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuze bajongane nemozulu embi kakhulu efana nembalela kunye neemvula ezinkulu, abalimi basekuhlaleni basebenzisa izixhobo zokubona umhlaba ukuze bajonge ngexesha langempela kwaye baphendule ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuphunyezwa:
Abalimi bafake izixhobo zokufunxa umswakama womhlaba kunye nobushushu bomhlaba emasimini abo ezijonga imeko yomhlaba ngexesha langempela kwaye zidlulisele idatha kwiifowuni zabalimi. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ebonelelwe zizi zixhobo, abalimi banokulungisa amanyathelo okunkcenkceshela kunye nokufunxa amanzi ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Isishwankathelo sedatha
| Iphondo | Umxholo weprojekthi | Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zamanzi | Ukusetyenziswa kwezichumiso okuncitshisiweyo | Ukwanda kwesivuno sesivuno | Ukunyuka kwengeniso yabalimi |
| IMaharashtra | Ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo | 40% | - | 18% | 20% |
| IsiPunjab | Ukuchumisa ngokuchanekileyo | - | 30% | 15% | 15% |
| IsiTamil Nadu | Impendulo yotshintsho lwemozulu | 20% | - | 10% | 15% |
Isiphumo:
Ukuncipha kokulahleka kwezityalo: Ukulahleka kwezityalo kuncitshiswe malunga nama-25 ekhulwini ngenxa yokulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kweendlela zokunkcenkceshela kunye nokukhupha amanzi. Umzekelo, kwifama engama-200 hectare, ukulahleka kwezityalo emva kwemvula enkulu kuncitshiswe ukusuka kwi-10 ekhulwini ukuya kwi-7.5 ekhulwini.
Ulawulo lwamanzi oluphuculweyo: Ngokubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, imithombo yamanzi ilawulwa ngokwesayensi ngakumbi, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokunkcenkceshela kunyuke malunga nama-20%.
Ingeniso yabalimi inyukile: Ingeniso yabalimi inyukile malunga ne-15% ngenxa yokuncipha kwelahleko yesivuno kunye nesivuno esiphezulu.
Ingxelo evela kubalimi:
“Ngaphambili besisoloko sixhalabile ngeemvula ezinkulu okanye imbalela, ngoku ngezi sensors, singakwazi ukulungisa amanyathelo ngexesha, ilahleko yesivuno iyancipha kwaye ingeniso yethu iyanda,” utshilo omnye umlimi obandakanyekayo kule projekthi.
Imbono yexesha elizayo
Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buhambela phambili, izinzwa zomhlaba ziya kuba nobuchule ngakumbi kwaye zisebenze kakuhle. Izinzwa zexesha elizayo ziya kukwazi ukudibanisa idatha engaphezulu yokusingqongileyo, efana nomgangatho womoya, imvula, njl.njl., ukubonelela ngenkxaso epheleleyo yokwenza izigqibo kubalimi. Ukongeza, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yezinto (IoT), izinzwa zomhlaba ziya kukwazi ukunxibelelana nezinye izixhobo zezolimo ukuze kulawulwe ezolimo ngokufanelekileyo.
Ethetha kwingqungquthela yakutshanje, umphathiswa wezolimo eIndiya uthe: “Ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ezolimo zaseIndiya. Siza kuqhubeka nokuxhasa uphuhliso lolu buchwepheshe kwaye sikhuthaze ukusetyenziswa kwalo ngokubanzi ukuze kufezekiswe uphuhliso lwezolimo oluzinzileyo.”
Ukuqukumbela, ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba eIndiya kuye kwaneziphumo ezimangalisayo, kungekuphela nje ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yezolimo, kodwa kwanokuphucula umgangatho wokuphila wabalimi. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka busanda kwaye busasazeka, izinzwa zomhlaba ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokuphucula ezolimo eIndiya.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya ngesikhululo semozulu,
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Ixesha leposi: Jan-17-2025