Isixhobo sokuvavanya ukukhulelwa sinceda abalimi ukuba balawule ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso

Itekhnoloji ye-smart sensor eza kunceda abalimi basebenzise isichumiso ngokufanelekileyo kwaye banciphise umonakalo odalwe yindalo.
Le teknoloji, echazwe kwiphephancwadi iNatural Foods, inokunceda abavelisi ukuba bamisele ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka isichumiso kwizityalo kunye nobungakanani besichumiso esifunekayo, bethathela ingqalelo izinto ezifana nemozulu kunye neemeko zomhlaba. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukuchumisa kakhulu komhlaba okubiza kakhulu nokuyingozi kwindalo, okukhupha igesi ye-greenhouse nitrous oxide kwaye kungcolise umhlaba kunye nemijelo yamanzi.
Namhlanje, ukuchumisa kakhulu kwenze i-12% yomhlaba owawukade ulinywa emhlabeni wangasebenzi, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi ze-nitrogen kuye kwanda ngama-600% kwiminyaka engama-50 edlulileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kunzima kubavelisi bezityalo ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwezichumiso zabo: zininzi kakhulu kwaye zibeka emngciphekweni wokonakalisa okusingqongileyo kwaye zichithe imali encinci kakhulu kwaye zibeka emngciphekweni isivuno esiphantsi;
Abaphandi kwitekhnoloji entsha ye-sensor bathi inokunceda okusingqongileyo kunye nabavelisi.
Le sensor, ebizwa ngokuba yi-paper-based chemically functionalized electrical gas sensor (chemPEGS), ilinganisa ubungakanani be-ammonium emhlabeni, i-compound eguqulwa ibe yi-nitrite kunye ne-nitrate yibhaktiriya yomhlaba. Isebenzisa uhlobo lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa olubizwa ngokuba yi-machine learning, idibanisa nedatha yemozulu, ixesha ukususela ekusetyenzisweni kwesichumiso, ukulinganiswa kwe-pH yomhlaba kunye nokuqhuba kwayo. Isebenzisa le datha ukuqikelela umxholo we-nitrogen opheleleyo womhlaba ngoku kunye nomxholo we-nitrogen opheleleyo kwiintsuku ezili-12 ezizayo ukuqikelela ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufaka isichumiso.
Olu phononongo lubonisa indlela esi sisombululo sitsha esingabizi kakhulu esinokunceda ngayo abavelisi ukuba bafumane inzuzo enkulu kwisichumisi esincinci, ingakumbi kwizityalo ezisebenzisa izichumisi ezininzi njengengqolowa. Le teknoloji inganciphisa ngaxeshanye iindleko zabavelisi kunye nomonakalo kwindalo esingqongileyo ovela kwizichumisi ze-nitrogen, uhlobo lwesichumisi olusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Umphandi okhokelayo uGqr. Max Greer, ovela kwiSebe lezobunjineli kwi-Imperial College eLondon uthe: “Ingxaki yokuchumisa kakhulu, ngokwembono yokusingqongileyo neyoqoqosho, ayinakugqithiswa. Imveliso kunye nengeniso enxulumene nayo iyehla unyaka nonyaka. kulo nyaka, kwaye abavelisi abanazo izixhobo ezifunekayo ukujongana nale ngxaki okwangoku.
“Ubuchwepheshe bethu bunokunceda ekusombululeni le ngxaki ngokunceda abalimi baqonde amanqanaba e-ammonia kunye ne-nitrate akhoyo emhlabeni kwaye baqikelele amanqanaba exesha elizayo ngokusekwe kwiimeko zemozulu. Oku kubavumela ukuba balungise ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwesichumiso ngokweemfuno ezithile zomhlaba wabo kunye nesivuno.”
Isichumisi se-nitrogen esigqithisileyo sikhupha i-nitrous oxide emoyeni, igesi yegreenhouse enamandla ngokuphindwe ka-300 kune-carbon dioxide kwaye inegalelo kwingxaki yemozulu. Isichumisi esigqithisileyo sinokukhukuliswa ngamanzi emvula siye emanzini, nto leyo ethintela ubomi basemanzini ukuba bungabi neoksijini, nto leyo ebangela ukudumba kwe-algae kwaye inciphise ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukulungisa ngokuchanekileyo amanqanaba ezichumisi ukuze zilungele iimfuno zomhlaba nezityalo kusengumngeni. Uvavanyo aluqhelekanga, kwaye iindlela zangoku zokulinganisa i-nitrogen yomhlaba ziquka ukuthumela iisampulu zomhlaba kwilebhu—inkqubo ende nebiza kakhulu apho iziphumo zayo zingasetyenziswa kakhulu xa zifika kubalimi.
UGqr. Firat Guder, umbhali ophezulu kunye nomphandi ophambili kwiSebe lezobunjineli bezinto eziphilayo lase-Imperial, uthe: “Uninzi lokutya kwethu luvela emhlabeni – lubutyebi obungenakuhlaziywa kwaye ukuba asilukhuseli siza kulahlekelwa bubo. Kwakhona, xa ludibene nongcoliseko lweNitrogen oluvela kwezolimo ludala ingxaki kwiplanethi esinethemba lokuyisombulula ngezolimo oluchanekileyo, esinethemba lokuba luya kunceda ekunciphiseni ukuchumisa okugqithisileyo ngelixa lunyusa isivuno sezityalo kunye nenzuzo yabalimi.”