Ngokuqhubeka kwenzululwazi netekhnoloji, ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba kuyanda kwiindawo zezolimo, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokubeka esweni indalo. Ngokukodwa, isinzwa somhlaba esisebenzisa i-SDI-12 protocol siye saba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekubekeni esweni umhlaba ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezisebenzayo, ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo. Eli phepha liza kwazisa i-SDI-12 protocol, umgaqo osebenzayo wesinzwa somhlaba, iimeko zokusetyenziswa, kunye neendlela zophuhliso zexesha elizayo.
1. Isishwankathelo seprotocol ye-SDI-12
I-SDI-12 (i-Serial Data Interface kwi-1200 baud) yiprotokholi yonxibelelwano lwedatha eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukujonga okusingqongileyo, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo le-hydrological, meteorological kunye ne-soil sensors. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili ziquka:
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi: Isixhobo se-SDI-12 sisebenzisa amandla aphantsi kakhulu kwimo yokulinda, nto leyo eyenza ukuba sifaneleke kwizixhobo zokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo ezifuna ixesha elide lokusebenza.
Uqhagamshelo lwee-sensor ezininzi: Iprotokholi ye-SDI-12 ivumela ukuya kuthi ga kwii-sensors ezingama-62 ukuba ziqhagamshelwe kumgca wonxibelelwano ofanayo, nto leyo eququzelela ukuqokelelwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zedatha kwindawo enye.
Ukufunda idatha ngokulula: I-SDI-12 ivumela izicelo zedatha ngemiyalelo elula ye-ASCII ukuze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kunye nokucubungula idatha.
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu: Iisensa ezisebenzisa iprotocol ye-SDI-12 zihlala zichanekile kakhulu, nto leyo efanelekileyo kuphando lwesayensi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezolimo okucokisekileyo.
2. Umgaqo wokusebenza we-sensor yomhlaba
I-SDI-12 output soil sensor idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukufuma komhlaba, ubushushu, i-EC (ukuqhuba kombane) kunye nezinye iiparameter, kwaye umgaqo wayo wokusebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukulinganiswa komswakama: Izinzwa zokufuma komhlaba zihlala zisekelwe kumgaqo we-capacitance okanye we-resistance. Xa kukho ukufuma komhlaba, ukufuma kutshintsha iimpawu zombane ze-sensor (ezifana ne-capacitance okanye i-resistance), kwaye kwezi nguqu, i-sensor inokubala ukufuma komhlaba.
Ukulinganiswa kobushushu: Iisensa zomhlaba ezininzi zidibanisa iisensa zobushushu, ezidla ngokusetyenziswa yi-thermistor okanye iteknoloji ye-thermocouple, ukuze zibonelele ngedatha yobushushu bomhlaba ngexesha langempela.
Ukulinganisa ukuhanjiswa kombane: Ukuhanjiswa kombane kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukuvavanya umxholo wetyuwa emhlabeni, nto leyo echaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nokufunxwa kwamanzi.
Inkqubo yonxibelelwano: Xa isenzi-luvo ifunda idatha, ithumela ixabiso elilinganisiweyo kwifomathi ye-ASCII kwi-data logger okanye kwi-host ngemiyalelo ye-SDI-12, elungele ukugcinwa kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha olulandelayo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SDI-12 somhlaba sensor
Ezolimo ezichanekileyo
Kwizicelo ezininzi zezolimo, i-SDI-12 soil sensor inika abalimi inkxaso yesayensi yokwenza izigqibo zokunkcenkceshela ngokujonga ukufuma komhlaba kunye nobushushu ngexesha langempela. Umzekelo, nge-SDI-12 soil sensor efakwe emasimini, abalimi banokufumana idatha yokufuma komhlaba ngexesha langempela, ngokweemfuno zamanzi zezityalo, baphephe ngokufanelekileyo inkunkuma yamanzi, baphucule isivuno sesivuno kunye nomgangatho.
Ukubeka iliso kwindalo esingqongileyo
Kwiprojekthi yokukhusela indalo kunye nokubeka esweni indalo, i-SDI-12 soil sensor isetyenziselwa ukujonga impembelelo yongcoliseko kumgangatho womhlaba. Ezinye iiprojekthi zokubuyisela indalo zisebenzisa ii-SDI-12 sensors kumhlaba ongcolisiweyo ukujonga utshintsho kuxinzelelo lweesinyithi ezinzima kunye neekhemikhali emhlabeni ngexesha langempela ukubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha kwizicwangciso zokubuyisela.
Uphando lotshintsho lwemozulu
Kuphando lotshintsho lwemozulu, ukujonga ukufuma komhlaba kunye notshintsho lobushushu kubalulekile kuphando lwemozulu. I-SDI-12 sensor inika idatha kuthotho lwexesha elide, ivumela abaphandi ukuba bahlalutye imiphumo yotshintsho lwemozulu kwimijikelo yamanzi omhlaba. Umzekelo, kwezinye iimeko, iqela lophando lisebenzise idatha yexesha elide evela kwi-SDI-12 sensor ukuhlalutya iindlela zokufuma komhlaba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu, ibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo yokulungiswa kwemodeli yemozulu.
4. Amatyala okwenyani
Ityala 1:
Kwigadi enkulu eCalifornia, abaphandi basebenzise i-SDI-12 soil sensor ukujonga ukufuma komhlaba kunye nobushushu ngexesha langempela. Ifama ikhulisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zemithi yeziqhamo, kuquka ama-apile, i-citrus njalo njalo. Ngokubeka i-SDI-12 sensors phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi, abalimi banokuyifumana ngokuchanekileyo imeko yokufuma komhlaba wengcambu yomthi ngamnye.
Isiphumo sokuphunyezwa: Idatha eqokelelwe yi-sensor idityaniswe nedatha yemozulu, kwaye abalimi balungisa inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ngokwemo yokufuma komhlaba, bephepha ngempumelelo inkunkuma yezixhobo zamanzi ezibangelwa kukunkcenkceshela kakhulu. Ukongeza, ukujonga idatha yobushushu bomhlaba ngexesha langempela kunceda abalimi ukuba baphucule ixesha lokuchumisa kunye nokulawula izinambuzane. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba isivuno siphela segadi yeziqhamo sinyuke nge-15%, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunyuke nge-20%.
Ityala lesi-2:
Kwiprojekthi yokulondolozwa kwemigxobhozo empuma ye-United States, iqela lophando lithumele uthotho lwee-SDI-12 sokuhlola umhlaba ukuze zijonge amanqanaba amanzi, ityuwa kunye nongcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo kumhlaba omanzi. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekuvavanyeni impilo yendalo yemigxobhozo.
Isiphumo sokuphunyezwa: Ngokubeka esweni okuqhubekayo, kufunyaniswe ukuba kukho unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kotshintsho lwamanzi omhlaba omanzi kunye notshintsho lokusetyenziswa komhlaba ojikelezileyo. Uhlalutyo lwedatha lubonise ukuba amanqanaba etyuwa yomhlaba ojikeleze iindawo ezimanzi ayanda ngexesha lemisebenzi ephezulu yezolimo, nto leyo echaphazela iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo ezimanzi. Ngokusekelwe kwezi datha, ii-arhente zokukhusela okusingqongileyo ziye zaphuhlisa amanyathelo olawulo afanelekileyo, anjengokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwezolimo kunye nokukhuthaza iindlela zokulima ezizinzileyo, ukunciphisa impembelelo kwindalo yeendawo ezimanzi, ngaloo ndlela zinceda ekukhuseleni iintlobo ngeentlobo zeendawo ezimanzi.
Ityala lesi-3:
Kwisifundo sotshintsho lwemozulu samazwe ngamazwe, izazinzulu ziseke inethiwekhi yee-SDI-12 somhlaba kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo zemozulu, njengeendawo ezishushu, ezinobushushu obuphantsi nezibandayo, ukuze zijonge izalathisi eziphambili ezifana nokufuma komhlaba, ubushushu kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni yendalo. Ezi sensa ziqokelela idatha rhoqo, zibonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kwiimodeli zemozulu.
Isiphumo sokuphunyezwa: Uhlalutyo lwedatha lubonise ukuba ukufuma komhlaba kunye notshintsho lobushushu lube nefuthe elikhulu kwizinga lokubola kwekhabhoni yendalo yomhlaba phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu. Ezi ziphumo zibonelela ngenkxaso enamandla yedatha yokuphucula iimodeli zemozulu, zivumela iqela lophando ukuba liqikelele ngokuchanekileyo impembelelo enokubakho yotshintsho lwemozulu kwixesha elizayo ekugcinweni kwekhabhoni yomhlaba. Iziphumo zolu phononongo ziboniswe kwiingqungquthela ezininzi zemozulu zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye zitsale ingqalelo enkulu.
5. Indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwezolimo ezikrelekrele kunye nokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-SDI-12 protocol soil sensors ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukuhlanganiswa okuphezulu: Izinzwa zexesha elizayo ziya kudibanisa imisebenzi yokulinganisa engaphezulu, njengokujonga imozulu (ubushushu, ukufuma, uxinzelelo), ukubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha ebanzi ngakumbi.
Ubulumko Obuphuculweyo: Xa idibene netekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yezinto (IoT), i-SDI-12 soil sensor iya kuba nenkxaso ekrelekrele yokwenza izigqibo zohlalutyo kunye neengcebiso ezisekelwe kwidatha yexesha langempela.
Ukuboniswa kwedatha: Kwixesha elizayo, izinzwa ziya kusebenzisana namaqonga efu okanye usetyenziso lweselula ukufezekisa ukubonakaliswa kwedatha ngokubonakalayo, ukuze kube lula kubasebenzisi ukufumana ulwazi lomhlaba ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye benze ulawulo olusebenzayo ngakumbi.
Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko: Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka bukhula kwaye iinkqubo zokuvelisa ziphucuka, iindleko zokuvelisa izinzwa zomhlaba ze-SDI-12 kulindeleke ukuba zehle kwaye zifumaneke ngokubanzi.
Isiphelo
I-SDI-12 output soil sensor kulula ukuyisebenzisa, isebenza kakuhle, kwaye inokubonelela ngedatha yomhlaba ethembekileyo, esisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuxhasa ezolimo ezichanekileyo kunye nokubeka iliso kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ngobuchule obuqhubekayo kunye nokusasazwa kweteknoloji, ezi sensors ziya kubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha ebalulekileyo yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yezolimo kunye namanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo, okufaka isandla kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokwakhiwa kwempucuko yendalo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-15-2025