Ngenxa yokwanda kobunzima bemiba yokusingqongileyo yehlabathi kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zolawulo lwemithombo yamanzi kwezolimo nakwimizi-mveliso, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokujonga umgangatho wamanzi kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo. Phakathi kwezi tekhnoloji, ukufunyanwa kwe-nitrite emanzini kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakumbi kumazwe aseMzantsi-mpuma Asia afana nePhilippines neMalaysia. La mazwe axhomekeke ngakumbi kubuchwepheshe bokujonga umgangatho wamanzi ukuqinisekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngezantsi kukho impembelelo ebalulekileyo yezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kwezi ndawo.
1. Ukukhuthaza uLimo oluZinzileyo
Ulimo kumazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia luxhomekeke kakhulu kwimithombo yamanzi, ngakumbi kwizityalo ezifana nerayisi kunye nezinye iimveliso zezolimo. I-Nitrite, njengemveliso ye-metabolism yezichumisi ze-nitrogen, inokuchaphazela kakubi ukukhula kwezityalo kwaye ibe yingozi kukhuseleko lokutya ukuba ikhona kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kunceda abalimi ukuba bajonge umgangatho wamanzi ngexesha langempela, baphucule amaqhinga okuchumisa, kwaye banciphise ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezichumisi ze-nitrogen, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
Umzekelo, ePhilippines, abalimi banokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi ukuze bajonge umgangatho wamanzi okunkcenkceshela ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba e-nitrite ahlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula isivuno sezityalo kunye nomgangatho. Ukwaziswa kobu buchwepheshe akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni uzinzo lwemveliso yezolimo kodwa kukwanyusa ingeniso yoqoqosho lwabalimi.
2. Ukuxhasa unyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso
Kumazwe akhula ngokukhawuleza kwezoshishino afana neMalaysia nePhilippines, ungcoliseko lwamanzi oluvela kwiinkqubo zoshishino luyingxaki eqhubekayo. Amashishini amaninzi emizi-mveliso akhupha amanzi amdaka ane-nitrite, nto leyo echaphazela kakubi imeko-bume yamanzi. Ukuqaliswa kwezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kunokunceda iinkampani ekujongeni ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka ngexesha langempela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yesizwe neyengingqi yokusingqongileyo.
Ngokujonga ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho wamanzi, amashishini anokuphepha izohlwayo kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo ngelixa efezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zemveliso eziphuculweyo. Umzekelo, emva kokusebenzisa izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi, iinkampani zinokuphucula iinkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka, zinciphise iindleko zonyango ngelixa zikhusela okusingqongileyo.
3. Ukuphucula uKhuseleko lwezeMpilo yoLuntu
Imithombo yamanzi kumazwe akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia idla ngokujongana nongcoliseko, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuxinaneni kakhulu kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezingcolisa amanzi, kuquka i-nitrite, nto leyo ebeka impilo yoluntu esichengeni. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kunokunceda amasebe karhulumente afanelekileyo kunye nee-arhente zempilo yoluntu ukuba ziqonde ngokukhawuleza iimeko zomgangatho wamanzi kwaye ziphucule isantya sokuphendula kwiinkqubo zesilumkiso. Xa amanqanaba e-nitrite emanzini enyuka, abasemagunyeni banokuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamanzi okusela kubemi.
Umzekelo, izixeko neendawo zasemaphandleni ePhilippines zihlala zinengxaki yokungapheleli kweenkqubo zokujonga umgangatho wamanzi. Ukuqaliswa kwezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kunokuphucula kakhulu ukugubungela kunye nokuchaneka kokujonga umgangatho wamanzi, kuthintele imiphumo emibi yongcoliseko lwamanzi kwimpilo yoluntu.
4. Ukukhuthaza uBuchule bobuChwepheshe kunye noKhulo loQoqosho
Ukwaziswa kwezinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi kukwaqhuba uphuhliso nokusetyenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe ezinxulumene noko. Kumazwe afana nePhilippines neMalaysia, ukunyuka kwemfuno yokujonga umgangatho wamanzi kukhuthaza kancinci kancinci uphuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuveliswa kweemveliso ezinxulumene noko. Oku akudali nje kuphela amathuba emisebenzi emitsha apha ekhaya kodwa kukwakhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokudluliselwa kwazo, nto leyo ekhuthaza ngakumbi uphuhliso lwecandelo lonke lezobuchwepheshe.
Isiphelo
Izinzwa ze-nitrite zamanzi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumacandelo ezolimo kunye namashishini kumazwe aseMzantsi-mpuma Asia afana nePhilippines neMalaysia. Ngokukhuthaza iindlela zolimo ezizinzileyo, ukuxhasa unyango lwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwempilo yoluntu, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, ezi zinzwa zinceda ukujongana nemingeni emininzi yokusingqongileyo ngelixa zibonelela ngamathuba amatsha okukhula koqoqosho. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buhambela phambili kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuyanda, ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesensa yomgangatho wamanzi,
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Ixesha leposi: Matshi-17-2025