Intshayelelo
IPeru, eyaziwa ngejografi yayo kunye nelifa lezolimo elityebileyo, ijongene nemingeni ebalulekileyo enxulumene nolawulo lwamanzi kunye nokuguquguquka kwemozulu. Kwilizwe apho ezolimo zilicandelo elibalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho nomthombo wokuphila kwezigidi zabantu, ulwazi oluchanileyo lwemozulu lubalulekile. Esinye sezixhobo ezibaluleke kakhulu kulo mba siigeyiji yemvula. Esi sixhobo silula kodwa sisebenzayo sibonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nokuna kwemvula, sincede amafama ukuba enze izigqibo ezizizo kwaye asebenzise iindlela zawo zokusebenza kwezolimo.
Ukuqonda amanqanaba emvula
Igeyiji yemvula sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubungakanani bemvula yolwelo kwixesha elithile. Kukho iindidi ngeendidi zeegeyiji zemvula, kubandakanywa iinguqulelo zemanuwali kunye nezizenzekelayo. Ezi zixhobo ziqokelela amanzi emvula kwisikhongozelo esigqityiweyo, esivumela umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wobunzulu bemvula. Kubalimi, olu lwazi lubalulekile ekucwangciseni iishedyuli zokutyala, iimfuno zokunkcenkceshela, nolawulo lwezityalo.
Ukuphucula uLawulo lwaManzi
Ukunqongophala kwamanzi ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kwimimandla emininzi yasePeru, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifana neAndes kunye nentlango yonxweme. Iigeyiji zemvula zinceda amafama ukuba abeke iliso kumaqondo emvula, ewavumela ukuba alawule ubutyebi bamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokwazi ukuba ingakanani na imvula eye yanetha, abalimi banokubona ukuba kufuneka bankcenkceshelwe izityalo zabo okanye imvula yakutshanje inike ukufuma okwaneleyo.
UJuan Ortiz, injineli yezolimo eLima uthi: “Kumafama akwimimandla eyinkqantosi, ulwazi oluchanileyo ngemvula lubalulekile. “Ngegeyiji yemvula, banokukuphepha ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukunkcenkceshela kancinane amasimi abo, nto leyo enokonakalisa isivuno sezityalo.”
Ukuxhasa uCwangciso lweZityalo noLawulo
Ixesha kunye nobungakanani bemvula inefuthe elibonakalayo kwiinkqubo zolimo. Ngeegeji zemvula, abalimi banokucwangcisa ngcono iishedyuli zabo zokutyala nokuvuna. Umzekelo, ukuqonda ukuba imvula iqala nini na ivumela abalimi ukuba batyale izityalo ezilungele iimeko zemozulu ezilindelekileyo.
Kwimimandla apho ukulima kuxhaphake khona, njengakwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ulwazi olufike kwangexesha olunikelwa ngeegeyiji zemvula lunokuthetha umahluko phakathi kwesivuno esinempumelelo kunye nokusilela kwezityalo. Abalimi banokuhlengahlengisa imisebenzi yabo ngokusekelwe kwiipateni zemvula, baphucule ukomelela kwabo kwimozulu engalindelekanga kunye nokwandisa imveliso yabo.
Ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kweMozulu
Imozulu yasePeru ichatshazelwa zizinto ezifana ne-El Niño neLa Niña, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimozulu embi, kuquka iimvula ezinkulu kunye nembalela eqhubeka ixesha elide. Iigeyiji zemvula zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudambiseni iimpembelelo zoguquko lwemozulu olunjalo ngokubonelela ngeenkcukacha zexesha lokwenyani ezinokunceda amafama aziqhelanise neemeko eziguqukayo.
Ngokomzekelo, ebudeni beminyaka ye-El Niño, imimandla esenokuba nemvula eninzi inokungenelwa kwinkcazelo esexesheni eqokelelwa ngezikali zemvula. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwiindawo ezithandwa yimbalela, ukwazi ixesha lokulindela imvula kunokunceda amafama alungiselele-nokuba kungeendlela zokulondoloza amanzi okanye ngokukhetha izityalo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nembalela.
Ukuphucula uPhando lwezoLimo noPhuhliso
Iigeyiji zemvula nazo zibalulekile kuphando lwezolimo kunye neenzame zophuhliso. Ngokuqokelela idatha malunga neepateni zemvula ekuhambeni kwexesha, abaphandi banokuhlalutya iintsingiselo kwaye benze iingcebiso malunga neendlela eziphuculweyo zezolimo. Le datha inokwazisa imigaqo-nkqubo enxulumene nezicwangciso zokuziqhelanisa nemozulu, uphuhliso lokunkcenkceshela, kunye neendlela ezizinzileyo zokusetyenziswa komhlaba.
"Amaziko ophando athembele kwidatha yemvula echanekileyo kwaye ehambelanayo yomzekelo kunye nokubikezela iziphumo zezolimo," kuchaza uDkt Maria Gonzalez, i-agro-meteorologist kwiYunivesithi yasePeru. "Ulwazi oluqokelelwe kwiigeyiji zemvula luxabiseke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni izicwangciso zokuphucula ukhuseleko lokutya xa ujongene nokutshintsha kwemozulu."
Uthethathethwano noLuntu noQeqesho
Ukwandisa inzuzo yokulinganisa imvula, urhulumente wasePeruvia kunye nee-NGO ezahlukeneyo zityalomali kwiinkqubo zoqeqesho loluntu. La manyathelo afundisa amafama ngendlela yokusebenzisa iigeyiji zemvula ngendlela eyiyo kunye nokutolika iinkcukacha abazinikezelayo. Ngokuxhobisa amafama asekuhlaleni, ezi nzame zikhuthaza ulawulo olungcono lobutyebi bamanzi kunye nokuqonda ngakumbi iipatheni zemozulu.
UPedro Ruiz, umhlohli kumaphandle asePeru uthi: “Ukuqeqesha amafama ukusebenzisa nokufunda iigeyiji zemvula kwenza abantu balima banolwazi olungakumbi. "Kubenza bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kwinyani, idatha yexesha lokwenyani endaweni yokuqikelela."
Ukuqukumbela
Impembelelo yemilinganiselo yemvula kwezolimo ePeru ayinakugqithwa. Ngokubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo malunga nemvula, ezi zixhobo zomeleza ulawulo lwamanzi, ukuxhasa ukucwangciswa kwezityalo, kunye nokunceda amafama aqhelane nokuguquguquka kwemozulu. Njengoko ilizwe liqhuba ukulwa nemingeni ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokunqongophala kwamanzi, indima yokulinganisa imvula iya kuhlala ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni izenzo ezizinzileyo zolimo nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya kwizigidi ezixhomekeke kwezolimo ukuze ziphile. Utyalo-mali kwiziseko ezingundoqo kunye noqeqesho lokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweegeji zemvula kubalulekile ekwakheni icandelo lezolimo elomeleleyo ePeru.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-17-2025