Ngenxa yengxaki yokungabikho kwemithombo yamanzi ehlabathini lonke, izixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi omhlaba, njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sobuchwepheshe bezolimo, zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zokulima kwihlabathi liphela. Ukususela kwiidiliya eCalifornia, eMelika ukuya kwiifama ezihlangeneyo e-Israel, ukusuka kwiindawo zokulima ikofu eBrazil ukuya kwiifama zengqolowa e-Australia, esi sixhobo esinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo uxinzelelo lwamanzi emhlabeni sinceda abalimi ukuba balawule ukunkcenkceshela ngokwesayensi ngakumbi kwaye bafezekise ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezixhobo zamanzi.
I-United States: Ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo kuphucula umgangatho wewayini
Kwindawo eyaziwayo yewayini yaseNapa Valley, eCalifornia, izixhobo zokuva amanzi omhlaba zitshintsha indlela yendabuko yolawulo lwediliya. Abenzi bewayini basebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukujonga imeko yokufuma kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba kunye nokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha kunye nomthamo wokunkcenkceshela.
“Ngokugcina amandla angcono okusebenzisa amanzi omhlaba, asinakonga kuphela i-30% yamanzi okunkcenkceshela, kodwa sikwanokuphucula ulungelelwaniso lweswekile-asidi yeediliya,” utshilo umphathi wezolimo wevenkile yewayini yasekuhlaleni. “Oku kubonakala ngokuthe ngqo kubunzima bencasa yewayini, okwenza iimveliso zethu zikhuphisane ngakumbi kwimarike.”
I-Israel: Imodeli yobugcisa yezolimo zasentlango
Njengenkokeli yehlabathi kulawulo lwemithombo yamanzi, i-Israel isebenzise kakhulu izixhobo zokunkcenkceshela amanzi omhlaba kwiinkqubo zayo zokunkcenkceshela eziphucukileyo. Kwiindawo zezolimo zaseNegev Desert, ezi zixhobo zokunkcenkceshela ziqhagamshelwe kwiinkqubo zolawulo oluzenzekelayo ukuze kufezekiswe ukunkcenkceshela okuchanekileyo okusekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwiimfuno zezityalo.
“Inkqubo yethu ingaqala ngokuzenzekelayo ukunkcenkceshela xa amandla amanzi omhlaba efikelela kumda othile,” yatsho ingcali yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo. “Le modeli yokubonelela ngamanzi xa kufuneka isenza sikwazi ukugcina imveliso ephezulu nakwiindawo ezomileyo kakhulu, kunye nezinga lokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamanzi elifikelela kwi-95%.”
IBrazil: Ukukhusela amahlathi emvula ngelixa kwandiswa imveliso
Kwiindawo zokutyala ikofu kunye nomoba kummandla waseCerrado eBrazil, ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zamanzi omhlaba kunceda abalimi ukuba balinganisele ubudlelwane phakathi kwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ngokujonga ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho kumswakama womhlaba, abalimi banokuphepha ukunkcenkceshela kakhulu, banciphise ukulahleka kwezondlo kunye nongcoliseko lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba.
“Asisaxhomekekanga kwizicwangciso zokunkcenkceshela ezizinzileyo kodwa senza izigqibo ezisekelwe kwidatha ye-sensor,” utshilo umphathi wefama enkulu yekofu. “Oku akunciphisi nje kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngama-20%, kodwa kwandisa nemveliso nge-15%, ngelixa kunciphisa impembelelo embi kwinkqubo yendalo engqongileyo.”
I-Australia: Izisombululo Ezikrelekrele Zokujongana Nemozulu Eyomileyo
Njengoko bejongene nemozulu yembalela exhaphakileyo, abalimi base-Australia basebenzisa izixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi omhlaba ukuze baphucule ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Kwiifama zengqolowa eNew South Wales, ezi zixhobo zinceda abalimi ukuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zifumana amanzi aneleyo ngexesha lokukhula okubalulekileyo, ngelixa ziphepha ukuchithwa kwezixhobo zamanzi ezixabisekileyo ngexesha elingelilo elo xesha libalulekileyo.
“Phantsi kweemeko zemvula engaqinisekanga, ithontsi ngalinye lamanzi lixabisekile,” utshilo umlimi. “Idatha yamanzi omhlaba isenza sikwazi ukubonelela ngamanzi afanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekugcineni inzuzo yefama.”
I-India: Izicelo ezintsha zoQoqosho lwabaLimi abaNcinci
KwanaseIndiya, apho ulimo oluncinci lulolona luphambili kwezoqoqosho, izixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi omhlaba zifumene iindlela ezintsha zokusetyenziswa. EPunjab, iifama ezininzi ezincinci zabelana ngenkqubo yezixhobo zokuvavanya kwaye zifumana iingcebiso zokunkcenkceshela ngeefowuni eziphathwayo, zinandipha iingenelo zobuchwepheshe bezolimo oluchanekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi.
“Asinakuyithenga inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ekrelekrele ngokupheleleyo, kodwa iinkonzo zesivamvo ezisetyenziswa ngokwabelana zinokwenzeka,” utshilo intloko yentsebenziswano yabalimi basekuhlaleni. “Oku kusincede sanciphisa umbane ompompa amanzi ngama-25% ngelixa sinyusa isivuno sesivuno.”
Isiseko sobugcisa: Ukusuka kwidatha ukuya ekwenzeni izigqibo
Izinzwa zanamhlanje zamanzi omhlaba, ezisekelwe kwimigaqo ye-tensiometers okanye izinzwa ze-solid-state, zinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo indlela iingcambu zezityalo ezifunxa ngayo amanzi emhlabeni. Olu lwazi, xa ludityaniswe neemodeli zokukhula kwezityalo, lunokubonelela abalimi ngenkxaso echanekileyo yokwenza izigqibo zokunkcenkceshela.
“Isitshixo asikokulinganisa amandla amanzi omhlaba kuphela, kodwa nasekuguquleni le datha ibe ziingcebiso zolawulo ezinokwenzeka,” utshilo umlawuli wophando nophuhliso lwenkampani yetekhnoloji yezolimo. “Sizimisele ukuphuhlisa ii-algorithms ezikrelekrele zokudibanisa idatha yamandla amanzi omhlaba kunye noqikelelo lwemozulu, amanqanaba okukhula kwesityalo kunye nolunye ulwazi, ukubonelela ngenkxaso epheleleyo yezigqibo.”
Imbono yeKamva: Ukukhuthazwa kweHlabathi kunye noBuchule bobuChwepheshe
Ngenxa yokwanda kotshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela kunye nengxaki enkulu yokunqongophala kwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zamanzi omhlaba kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke nokukhula. Abaphandi baphuhlisa izinzwa ezingabizi kakhulu kwaye ezihlala ixesha elide ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabalimi abancinci kumazwe asakhasayo.
“Izinzwa zamanzi omhlaba zexesha elizayo ziya kuba nobuchule ngakumbi kwaye zinxibelelane,” utshilo umhlalutyi weshishini. “Ziya kusebenza ngokuzimeleyo iminyaka eliqela ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwaye ziqhagamshelwe kwiinethiwekhi zamandla aphantsi ukuze zenze inethiwekhi yokulawula amanzi ekrelekrele egubungela ifama yonke.”
Ukususela kwiifama zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo ukuya kwiindawo zokulima zemveli kumazwe asaphuhlayo, izixhobo zokuva amanzi omhlaba zitshintsha indlela ezilawulwa ngayo izixhobo zamanzi ezolimo kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokuqhubeka kweteknoloji kunye nokwehla kweendleko okuqhubekayo, esi sixhobo sokunkcenkceshela sichanekileyo kulindeleke ukuba sidlale indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kukhuseleko lokutya kwihlabathi liphela kunye nolawulo oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo zamanzi, sibonelela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo nezinokwenzeka kwingxaki yamanzi yehlabathi.
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya ngesenzi, nceda unxibelelane neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-24-2025