Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yobutyebi bamanzi obuninzi behlabathi, izinzwa ezinokuthi zibekho zamanzi omhlaba, njengesixhobo esiphambili seteknoloji yezolimo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiifama kwihlabathi jikelele. Ukusuka kwizidiliya zaseCalifornia, eU.SA ukuya kwiifama ezidityanisiweyo kwaSirayeli, ukusuka kumasimi ekofu eBrazil ukuya kumasimi engqolowa eOstreliya, esi sixhobo sinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukucinezeleka kwamanzi emhlabeni sinceda amafama alawule ukunkcenkceshela ngakumbi ngokwenzululwazi kwaye asebenzise ngokufanelekileyo ubutyebi bamanzi.
EUnited States: Unkcenkceshelo oluchanekileyo luphucula umgangatho wewayini
Kwingingqi yewayini eyaziwayo yaseNapa Valley, eCalifornia, izixhobo zokuva amanzi emhlabeni ziguqula indlela yemveli yolawulo lwesidiliya. Abenzi bewayini basebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukujonga iimeko zokufuma kumaleko ohlukeneyo omhlaba kunye nokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha kunye nomthamo wokunkcenkceshela.
“Ngokugcina awona manzi angcono omhlaba, asinakonga kuphela i-30% yamanzi okunkcenkceshela, kodwa sikwaphucula ibhalansi yeswekile-asidi yeediliya,” watsho umphathi wezolimo wevenkile yewayini yasekuhlaleni. "Oku kubonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo kwincasa yencasa yewayini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iimveliso zethu zikhuphisane ngakumbi emarikeni."
USirayeli: Imodeli yobugcisa yolimo lwasentlango
Njengenkokeli yehlabathi kulawulo lobutyebi bamanzi, i-Israel isebenzise ngokubanzi izixhobo zokuva amanzi emhlabeni kwiinkqubo zayo zokunkcenkceshela zokunkcenkceshela. Kwiindawo zezolimo zeNtlango yaseNegev, ezi zinzwa zixhunyiwe kwiinkqubo zokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ukufezekisa ukunkcenkceshela okuchanekileyo okusekelwe ngokupheleleyo kwiimfuno zezityalo.
"Inkqubo yethu inokuqalisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukunkcenkceshela xa amandla omhlaba efikelela kumda othile," ingcali yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo yazisa. “Le” imodeli yonikezelo lwamanzi efunekayo isenza ukuba sigcine imveliso ephezulu nakwimeko ezingqongileyo ezome kakhulu, nezinga lokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bamanzi lifikelela kuma-95%.
EBrazil: Ukukhusela amahlathi ashinyeneyo ngoxa kunyuswa imveliso
Kumasimi ekofu kunye nommoba kummandla waseCerrado eBrazil, ukusetyenziswa kwezivamvo zamanzi zomhlaba kunceda amafama alungelelanise ubudlelwane phakathi kwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Ngokujonga ngokuchanekileyo utshintsho lokunyakama komhlaba, abalimi banokukuphepha ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo, ukunciphisa ilahleko yezondlo kunye nokungcoliseka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba.
"Asisayi kuthembela kwizicwangciso zokunkcenkceshela ezisisigxina kodwa senza izigqibo ngokusekelwe kwidatha yenzwa," watsho umphathi wefama enkulu yekofu. "Oku akunciphisi ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi nge-20% kuphela, kodwa kwandisa imveliso nge-15%, ngelixa inciphisa impembelelo engalunganga kwi-ecosystem engqongileyo."
EOstreliya: Izisombululo eziSmart zokujongana nemozulu ebharhileyo
Ukujongana nemozulu yembalela rhoqo, amafama aseOstreliya athatha ngenkuthalo izixhobo zokuva amanzi emhlabeni ukuze asebenzise kakuhle ubutyebi bamanzi. Kwiifama zengqolowa eNew South Wales, ezi zixhobo zinceda abalimi ukuba baqinisekise ukuba izityalo zifumana umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamanzi ngexesha lokukhula okubalulekileyo, ngelixa ugwema ukuchithwa kwemithombo yamanzi axabisekileyo ngexesha elingabalulekanga.
“Phantsi kweemeko zemvula engaqinisekanga, ithontsi ngalinye lamanzi lixabisekile,” watsho omnye umfama. “Idatha enokubakho ngamanzi omhlaba isenza sikwazi ukunika ubungakanani bamanzi afanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekugcineni ingeniso yefama.”
I-Indiya: Izicelo ezitsha zoQoqosho lwaBalimi abaNcinci
Nkqu naseIndiya, apho amafama amancinci angowona qoqosho lubalaseleyo, izixhobo zokuva amanzi emhlabeni ziye zafumana iimodeli ezintsha zokusetyenziswa. E-Punjab, iifama ezincinci ezininzi zabelana ngenkqubo yenzwa kwaye zifumana iingcebiso zokunkcenkceshela ngeefowuni eziphathwayo, zinandipha inzuzo yeteknoloji yezolimo echanekileyo ngexabiso eliphantsi.
“Asinakukwazi ukufumana inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ekrelekrele, kodwa iinkonzo zokuvalelwa kweenzwa ziyenzeka,” yatsho intloko yentsebenziswano yamafama asekuhlaleni. “Oku kusincedile ukuba sehlise umbane wokumpompa amanzi ngomyinge wamashumi amabini anesihlanu ekhulwini (25%) logama sinyusa isivuno sezityalo.”
Undoqo wobugcisa: Ukusuka kwidatha ukuya kwisigqibo sokwenza izigqibo
Izivamvo zesakhono zamanzi omhlaba zanamhlanje, ezisekelwe kwimigaqo ye-tensiometers okanye i-slid-state sensors, zinokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukukhululeka apho iingcambu zezityalo zifunxa amanzi emhlabeni. Ezi datha, xa zidityaniswe neendlela zokukhula kwezityalo, zinokunika abalimi inkxaso yezigqibo ezichanekileyo zokunkcenkceshela.
"Isitshixo asikho nje ekulinganiseni amandla omhlaba amanzi, kodwa nasekuguquleni le datha kwiingcebiso ezinokwenzeka zokulawula," watsho umlawuli wophando kunye nophuhliso lwenkampani yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo. "Sizibophelele ekuphuhliseni i-algorithms ehlakaniphile yokudibanisa idatha enokubakho emanzini kunye noqikelelo lwemozulu, amanqanaba okukhula kwezityalo kunye nolunye ulwazi, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yesigqibo esibanzi."
Ujongo lwexesha elizayo: iNkuthazo yeHlabathi kunye neNtsha yezobuGcisa
Ngokuqiniswa kokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi kunye nengxaki enkulu yokunqongophala kwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezivamvo zamanzi emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke ukwanda. Abaphandi baphuhlisa izixhobo zovamvo ezingabizi mali ininzi nezihlala ixesha elide ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamafama akhasayo kumazwe asakhasayo.
"Ixesha elizayo lamanzi anokuthi avavanye amandla omhlaba aya kuba krelekrele ngakumbi kwaye anxibelelane," utshilo umhlalutyi weshishini. “Baza kusebenza ngokuzimeleyo iminyaka eliqela ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwaye badityaniswe ngothungelwano lwamandla aphantsi ukwenza uthungelwano lolawulo lwamanzi olukrelekrele olugubungela ifama iphela.”
Ukusuka kwiifama zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo ukuya kwiifama zemveli kumazwe asakhasayo, izixhobo zokuva amanzi emhlabeni ziguqula indlela imithombo yamanzi yezolimo elawulwa ngayo kwinqanaba lehlabathi. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kunye nokwehla okuzinzileyo kweendleko, esi sixhobo sichanekileyo sokunkcenkceshela kulindeleke ukuba sidlale indima ebalulekileyo kukhuseleko lokutya lwehlabathi kunye nokulawulwa kobutyebi bamanzi obuzinzileyo, ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo nezinokwenzeka kwingxaki yamanzi yehlabathi.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2025