Isikhululo sokuqala semozulu esikrelekrele eMzantsi Melika sisetyenziswe, nto leyo eququzelela uphando lwemozulu lwengingqi kunye nokulumkisa kwangethuba ngeentlekele.

Isikhululo sokuqala semozulu esikrelekrele eMzantsi Melika sasetyenziswa ngokusesikweni kwiiNtaba zaseAndes zasePeru. Esi sikhululo semozulu sanamhlanje sakhiwe ngokubambisana ngamazwe amaninzi aseMzantsi Melika, sijolise ekuphuculeni amandla ophando lwemozulu lwengingqi, ukuqinisa inkqubo yokulumkisa kwangaphambili ngeentlekele zemvelo, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yemozulu echanekileyo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezolimo, amandla kunye nolawulo lwemithombo yamanzi.

Iimpawu zobugcisa zesikhululo semozulu esikrelekrele
Esi sikhululo semozulu sixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokujonga imozulu eziphambili, kuquka i-Doppler radar, i-LIDAR, izamkeli zesathelayithi ezinesisombululo esiphezulu kunye nezinzwa zemozulu zomhlaba. Ezi zixhobo zinokujonga iiparameter ezininzi zemozulu ngexesha langempela, ezinje ngobushushu, ukufuma, uxinzelelo lomoya, isantya somoya, icala lomoya, imvula kunye nemitha yelanga.

I-Doppler radar: Isetyenziselwa ukujonga ubunzulu bemvula kunye nendlela yokuhamba kwezivuthuvuthu, kwaye inokubonelela ngezilumkiso kwangethuba zeentlekele ezifana nemvula enkulu kunye nezikhukula kwiiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kwexesha.

2. I-LIDAR: Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukusasazwa ngokuthe nkqo kwee-aerosols kunye namafu emoyeni, inika idatha ebalulekileyo yokujonga umgangatho womoya kunye nophando lotshintsho lwemozulu.

3. Isamkeli sesathelayithi esinesisombululo esiphezulu: Siyakwazi ukufumana idatha evela kwiisathelayithi ezininzi zemozulu, sibonelela ngohlalutyo olubanzi lweemeko zemozulu kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswayo.

4. Izinzwa zemozulu esemhlabeni: Zisasazwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo nakwiindawo ezijikeleze isikhululo semozulu, ziqokelela idatha yemozulu esemhlabeni ngexesha langempela ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuphelela kwedatha.

Intsebenziswano yesithili kunye nokwabelana ngedatha
Esi sikhululo semozulu esikrelekrele sisiphumo sentsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe amaninzi aseMzantsi Melika, kuquka iPeru, iChile, iBrazil, iArgentina kunye neColombia. Amazwe athatha inxaxheba aza kufumana kwaye atshintshiselane ngedatha yemozulu ngexesha langempela ngeqonga ledatha ekwabelwana ngayo. Eli qonga alincedi nje kuphela amasebe emozulu kumazwe ahlukeneyo ukuba enze uqikelelo lwemozulu olungcono kunye nezilumkiso zentlekele, kodwa likwabonelela ngezixhobo zedatha ezityebileyo kumaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi, ekhuthaza uphando kwiindawo ezifana notshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.

Ukuphucula amandla okulumkisa ngentlekele kwangethuba
UMzantsi Melika ngummandla apho iintlekele zemvelo zenzeka rhoqo, kuquka iinyikima, izikhukula, iimbalela kunye nokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, njl. Ukuvuselelwa kwezikhululo zemozulu ezikrelekrele kuya kuphucula kakhulu amandla okulumkisa kwangethuba kwentlekele yengingqi. Ngokujonga ngexesha langempela kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha, iingcali zemozulu zinokuqikelela iziganeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi kwaye zikhuphe ulwazi lwesilumkiso kwangethuba kuluntu nakurhulumente ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ilahleko ebangelwa ziintlekele.

Impembelelo kwezolimo nakumandla
Idatha yemozulu ibaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lezolimo namandla. Uqikelelo lwemozulu oluchanekileyo lunokunceda abalimi ukuba bacwangcise ngcono imisebenzi yezolimo kwaye bonyuse isivuno sezityalo. Okwangoku, idatha yemozulu ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula imveliso kunye nokusasazwa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga kunye nomoya. Ukusebenza kwezikhululo zemozulu ezikrelekrele kuya kubonelela ngenkxaso enamandla kuphuhliso lwezolimo kunye namandla eMzantsi Melika.

Imbono yexesha elizayo
Umlawuli wePeruvian Meteorological Service uthe kumsitho wokuvula: “Ukuvulwa kwesikhululo semozulu esikrelekrele kuphawula inyathelo elitsha eliya phambili kwisizathu semozulu eMzantsi Melika.” Sinethemba lokuba ngeli qonga, singakhuthaza intsebenziswano yemozulu yengingqi, siphucule amandla okulumkisa intlekele kwangethuba, kwaye sinike isiseko sesayensi sokusabela kutshintsho lwemozulu.

Kwixesha elizayo, amazwe aseMzantsi Melika aceba ukwandisa ngakumbi uthungelwano lwawo lokujonga imozulu ngokusekelwe kwizikhululo zemozulu ezikrelekrele, esongeza ezinye izikhululo zokujonga kunye neendawo zokuqokelela idatha. Okwangoku, onke amazwe aya kuphucula ukulima italente kunye nokutshintshiselana ngetekhnoloji ukukhuthaza ngokubambisana uphuhliso lwemisebenzi yemozulu eMzantsi Melika.

Isiphelo
Ukuqaliswa kwesikhululo sokuqala semozulu esikrelekrele eMzantsi Melika akupheleli nje ekunikeni inkxaso yobugcisa enamandla kuphando lwemozulu lwengingqi kunye nezilumkiso zakwangoko zentlekele, kodwa kukwabeka isiseko esiqinileyo sentsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe kwicandelo lotshintsho lwemozulu kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuqina kwentsebenziswano, ishishini lemozulu eMzantsi Melika liya kwamkela ikamva eliqaqambileyo nangakumbi.