1. Inkcazo yobugcisa kunye nemisebenzi engundoqo
I-Soil Sensor sisixhobo esikrelekrele esibeka iliso kwiparameters zokusingqongileyo zomhlaba ngexesha lokwenyani kusetyenziswa iindlela ezibonakalayo okanye zekhemikhali. Imilinganiselo yayo engundoqo yokubeka iliso ibandakanya:
Ukujongwa kwamanzi: Isiqulatho samanzi somthamo (VWC), isakhono sematriki (kPa)
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali: Ukuhanjiswa koMbane (EC), i-pH, amandla eREDOX (ORP)
Uhlalutyo lwezondlo: Umxholo we-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium (NPK), i-organic matter concentration
Imilinganiselo yeThermodynamic: inkangeleko yeqondo lobushushu bomhlaba (0-100cm umlinganiselo wegradient)
Iimpawu zebhayoloji: Umsebenzi weMicrobial (CO₂ izinga lokuphefumla)
Okwesibini, uhlalutyo lweteknoloji yokuva okuqhelekileyo
Isivamvo sokufuma
Uhlobo lwe-TDR (i-domain ye-time reflectometry): umlinganiselo wexesha lokusasazwa kwamaza ombane wombane (uchaneka ± 1%, uluhlu 0-100%)
Uhlobo lwe-FDR (i-requency domain reflection) : Ukufunyanwa kwemvume ye-Capacitor (ixabiso eliphantsi, lifuna ukulungelelaniswa rhoqo)
I-Neutron probe: I-Hydrogen emodareyithwayo ubalo lwe-neutron (umgangatho welabhoratri wokuchaneka, imvume yokusasazeka iyafuneka)
Iiparamitha ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo
Inzwa ye-5-in-1: Ukufuma + EC + ubushushu +pH + Nitrogen (ukhuseleko lwe-IP68, ukuxhathisa kwe-saline-alkali corrosion)
Isivamvo seSpectroscopic: Kufuphi ne-infrared (NIR) kwindawo yokuchongwa kwezinto eziphilayo (umda wokubona 0.5%)
Impumelelo entsha yetekhnoloji
I-carbon nanotube electrode: isisombululo somlinganiselo we-EC ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1μS/cm
I-microfluidic chip: imizuzwana ye-30 ukugqiba ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-nitrate ye-nitrate
Okwesithathu, iimeko zokusetyenziswa kweshishini kunye nexabiso ledatha
1. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwezolimo olukrelekrele (intsimi yeCorn e-Iowa, e-USA)
Iskimu sokusasaza:
Isikhululo sokubeka iliso seprofayili enye rhoqo kwiihektare ezili-10 (20/50/100cm inqanaba lesithathu)
Uthungelwano olungenazingcingo (LoRaWAN, umgama wothumelo 3km)
Isigqibo esikrelekrele:
Isixhobo sokunkcenkceshela: Qala ukunkcenkceshela ngedriphu xa iVWC<18% kubunzulu obungama-40cm
Ukuchumisa okuguquguqukayo: Uhlengahlengiso olunamandla lokufakwa kwenitrogen ngokusekwe kumahluko wexabiso leEC ±20%
Idatha yenzuzo:
Ukonga amanzi ngama-28%, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwenitrogen linyuke ngama-35%
Ukonyuka ngeetoni eziyi-0.8 zombona ngehektare nganye
2. Ukubeka iliso kulawulo lobuntlango (Iprojekthi yeSahara Fringe Ecological Restoration)
Uluhlu lwenzwa:
Ukujongwa kwetafile yamanzi (i-piezoresistive, uluhlu lwe-0-10MPa)
Ukulandela umkhondo wetyuwa ngaphambili (uxinaniso oluphezulu lwe-EC probe enesithuba se-electrode eyi-1mm)
Imodeli yesilumkiso kwangethuba:
Isalathiso seDesertification =0.4×(EC>4dS/m)+0.3×(organic matter <0.6%)+0.3×(umthamo wamanzi <5%)
Impembelelo yolawulo:
Ukugquma kwezityalo kunyuke ukusuka kwi-12% ukuya kuma-37%.
I-62% yokunciphisa ubutyuwa obuphezulu
3. Isilumkiso sentlekele yokwakheka komhlaba (Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan Landslide Monitoring Network)
Inkqubo yokubeka iliso:
Ngaphakathi ithambeka: inzwa yoxinzelelo lwamanzi epore (uluhlu 0-200kPa)
Ukufuduswa komphezulu: Idiphumitha ye-MEMS (isisombululo 0.001 °)
I-algorithm yesilumkiso sakwangoko:
Imvula enkulu: ukugcwala komhlaba> 85% kunye nemvula ngeyure>30mm
Izinga lokufuduka: Iiyure ezi-3 ezilandelelanayo> 5mm/h zibangela i-alamu ebomvu
Iziphumo zokuphunyezwa:
Ukudilika komhlaba okuthathu kwalunyukiswa ngempumelelo ngo-2021
Ixesha lokuphendula likaxakeka lincitshiswe ukuya kwimizuzu eyi-15
4. Ukulungiswa kweendawo ezingcolileyo (Unyango lwesinyithi esinzima kwi-Ruhr Industrial Zone, eJamani)
Inkqubo yokubona:
I-XRF Fluorescence sensor: I-Lead/cadmium/Arsenic in situ monitoring (ukuchaneka kweppm)
I-REDOX yekhonkco enokubakho: Ukubeka iliso kwiinkqubo ze-bioremediation
Ulawulo olukrelekrele:
I-Phytoremediation ivuliwe xa i-arsenic concentration yehla ngaphantsi kwe-50ppm
Xa amandla angaphezulu kwe-200mV, inaliti yomxhasi we-electron ikhuthaza ukuthotywa kwe-microbial
Idatha yolawulo:
Ungcoliseko olukhokelayo lwehliswe ngama-92%
Umjikelo wokulungisa wehliswe nge-40%
4. Umkhwa wokuzivelela kwezobuchwepheshe
Miniaturization kunye noluhlu
Abenzi boluvo beNanowire (<100nm ububanzi) zenza ukuba kubekwe iliso kwindawo enye yeengcambu zesityalo
Ulusu lwe-elektroniki oluthambileyo (i-300% yolulwa) I-ADAPTS kuguquko lomhlaba
I-Multimodal perceptual fusion
Ukuguqulwa kokuthungwa komhlaba ngamaza acoustic kunye nokuhanjiswa kombane
Indlela yokulinganisa i-Thermal pulse yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi (ukuchaneka ±5%)
I-AI iqhuba uhlalutyo olukrelekrele
Uthungelwano lwe-Convolutional neural lichonga iindidi zomhlaba (ukuchaneka okungama-98%)
Amawele edijithali alinganisa ukufuduka kwezondlo
5. Iimeko zesicelo eziqhelekileyo: Iprojekthi yokukhusela umhlaba omnyama kuMntla-mpuma weChina
Inethiwekhi yokubeka iliso:
Iiseti ezingama-100,000 zezivamvo zigubungela i-5 yezigidi zeehektare zomhlaba wasefama
Kusekwe uvimba weenkcukacha we-3D “wobufuma, ukuchuma nokubumbana” kumaleko womhlaba oyi-0-50cm.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokhuseleko:
Xa izinto eziphilayo <3%, i-straw deep turning inyanzelekile
Uxinaniso lwesambuku somhlaba >1.35g/cm³ luxhokonxa umsebenzi ongaphantsi komhlaba
Iziphumo zokuphunyezwa:
Izinga lelahleko yomhlaba omnyama lehle ngama-76%
Umyinge wesivuno seembotyi zesoya kwimu nganye unyuke nge 21%
Ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kunyuke ngeetoni eziyi-0.8 ngehektare nganye ngonyaka
Ukuqukumbela
Ukusuka “kwifama yobuchule” ukuya “kwifama yedatha,” izivamvo zomhlaba zilungisa ngokutsha indlela abantu abathetha ngayo nomhlaba. Ngokudityaniswa okunzulu kwenkqubo ye-MEMS kunye ne-Intanethi yezinto zobuchwepheshe, ukubeka iliso komhlaba kuya kufezekisa ukuphumelela kwisisombululo sendawo ye-nanoscale kunye nokuphendula kwexesha lemizuzu kwixesha elizayo. Ukusabela kwimingeni efana nokhuseleko lokutya kwihlabathi kunye nokonakala kwendalo, aba bangcwatywa nzulu "abagadi bathuleyo" baya kuqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha ephambili kunye nokukhuthaza ulawulo olukrelekrele kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo zomphezulu woMhlaba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-17-2025