1. Inkcazelo yobugcisa kunye nemisebenzi ephambili
I-Soil Sensor sisixhobo esikrelekrele esijonga iiparameters zendalo yomhlaba ngexesha langempela ngeendlela ezibonakalayo okanye zeekhemikhali. Ubukhulu bayo bokujonga buquka:
Ukubeka esweni amanzi: Umthamo wamanzi omthamo (VWC), amandla omlinganiselo (kPa)
Iimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali: Ukuqhuba kombane (EC), i-pH, amandla e-REDOX (ORP)
Uhlalutyo lwezondlo: Umxholo weNitrogen, iphosphorus kunye nepotassium (NPK), ubuninzi bezinto eziphilayo
Iiparamitha zeThermodynamic: iprofayili yobushushu bomhlaba (umlinganiselo we-gradient ongu-0-100cm)
Izalathi zebhayoloji: Umsebenzi weentsholongwane (izinga lokuphefumla le-CO₂)
Okwesibini, uhlalutyo lwetekhnoloji yokuvanya ngokubanzi
Inzwa yokufuma
Uhlobo lwe-TDR (i-reflectometry yedomeyini yexesha): umlinganiselo wexesha lokusasazeka kwamaza e-electromagnetic (ukuchaneka ±1%, uluhlu 0-100%)
Uhlobo lwe-FDR (ukubonakaliswa kwedomeyini yesiqhelo): Ukufunyanwa kwemvume ye-capacitor (ixabiso eliphantsi, kufuneka ukulinganiswa rhoqo)
I-Neutron probe: Inani le-neutron elilawulwa yi-hydrogen (ukuchaneka kwenqanaba lelebhu, imvume yemitha iyafuneka)
Iprobe edibeneyo yeparameter ezininzi
Inzwa ye-5-in-1: Ukufuma +EC+ ubushushu +pH+ iNitrogen (ukhuseleko lwe-IP68, ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-saline-alkali)
I-Spectroscopic sensor: Ukufunyanwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezikufutshane ne-infrared (NIR) kwindawo ethile (umda wokufunyanwa yi-0.5%)
Inkqubela phambili entsha yetekhnoloji
I-electrode ye-carbon nanotube: Isisombululo sokulinganisa se-EC ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1μS/cm
I-chip ye-Microfluidic: imizuzwana engama-30 ukugqiba ukubhaqwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-nitrate nitrogen
Okwesithathu, iimeko zesicelo soshishino kunye nexabiso ledatha
1. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwezolimo olukrelekrele (Intsimi yombona e-Iowa, e-USA)
Inkqubo yokusasazwa:
Isitishi esinye sokujonga iprofayili rhoqo kwiihektare ezili-10 (20/50/100cm enamanqanaba amathathu)
Uthungelwano olungenazingcingo (iLoRaWAN, umgama wothumelo yi-3km)
Isigqibo esikrelekrele:
Isiqalisi sokunkcenkceshela: Qalisa ukunkcenkceshela ngedriphu xa i-VWC ingaphantsi kwe-18% kubunzulu obuyi-40cm
Ukuchumisa okuguquguqukayo: Uhlengahlengiso oluguquguqukayo lokusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen ngokusekelwe kumahluko wexabiso le-EC we-±20%
Idatha yenzuzo:
Ukonga amanzi nge-28%, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-nitrogen linyuke nge-35%
Ukwanda kweetoni eziyi-0.8 zombona ngehektare nganye
2. Ukubeka esweni ulawulo lokuguquka kwentlango (iprojekthi yokubuyiselwa kwe-Sahara Fringe Ecological)
Uluhlu lwezixhobo zokuvavanya:
Ukubeka iliso kwitafile yamanzi (i-piezoresistive, uluhlu lwe-0-10MPa)
Ukulandelela ityuwa ngaphambili (iprobe ye-EC enoxinano oluphezulu enesithuba se-electrode esingu-1mm)
Imodeli yesilumkiso kwangethuba:
Isalathisi sokuguquka kwentlango =0.4×(EC>4dS/m)+0.3×(izinto eziphilayo <0.6%)+0.3×(umxholo wamanzi <5%)
Isiphumo solawulo:
Ukugutyungelwa kwemifuno kunyuke ukusuka kwi-12% ukuya kwi-37%
Ukuncipha kwe-62% kwityuwa engaphezulu
3. Isilumkiso sentlekele yeJografi (iShizuoka Prefecture, iJapan Landslide Monitoring Network)
Inkqubo yokubeka iliso:
Ithambeka langaphakathi: isenzi soxinzelelo lwamanzi esimbobo (uluhlu 0-200kPa)
Ukufuduka komphezulu: I-MEMS dipmeter (isisombululo 0.001°)
I-algorithm yesilumkiso sakwangoko:
Imvula ebalulekileyo: ukugcwala komhlaba >85% kunye nemvula yeyure >30mm
Izinga lokufuduka: iiyure ezi-3 ezilandelelanayo >5mm/h i-alamu ebomvu ebangela ukuba umntu afudukele kwenye indawo
Iziphumo zokuphunyezwa:
Ukudilika komhlaba okuthathu kwalumkiswa ngempumelelo ngo-2021
Ixesha lokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka lincitshisiwe laya kwimizuzu eli-15
4. Ukulungiswa kweendawo ezingcolisiweyo (Unyango lwesinyithi esinzima kwiRuhr Industrial Zone, eJamani)
Inkqubo yokubhaqa:
Inzwa ye-XRF Fluorescence: Ukufunyanwa kwe-Lead/cadmium/Arsenic in situ (ukuchaneka kwe-ppm)
Ikhonkco elinokwenzeka le-REDOX: Ukubeka esweni iinkqubo zokulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo
Ulawulo olukrelekrele:
I-Phytoremediation iyasebenza xa uxinzelelo lwe-arsenic luhla ngaphantsi kwe-50ppm
Xa amandla e-electron engaphezulu kwe-200mV, ukugalelwa kwe-electron donor kukhuthaza ukonakala kweentsholongwane.
Idatha yolawulo:
Ungcoliseko lwelothe luncitshiswe ngama-92%
Umjikelo wokulungisa wehliswe ngama-40%
4. Inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe
I-Miniaturization kunye ne-array
Izinzwa zeNanowire (<100nm ububanzi) zivumela ukujonga indawo yeengcambu zesityalo esinye
Ulusu oluguquguqukayo lwe-elektroniki (ulwandiso lwe-300%) LUQHUBEKA nokuguquguquka komhlaba
Ukuhlanganiswa kokubona kwezinto ezininzi
Ukuguqulwa kobume bomhlaba yi-acoustic wave kunye ne-electrical conductivity
Indlela yokulinganisa ubushushu bokuqhuba kwamanzi (ukuchaneka ±5%)
I-AI iqhuba uhlalutyo olukrelekrele
Iinethiwekhi ze-neural eziguquguqukayo zichonga iintlobo zomhlaba (ukuchaneka kwe-98%)
Amawele edijithali alinganisa ukufuduka kwezakhamzimba
5. Amatyala aqhelekileyo okusetyenziswa: Iprojekthi yokukhusela umhlaba wabantu abamnyama eMntla-mpuma weTshayina
Inethiwekhi yokubeka iliso:
Iiseti zezixhobo zokuvavanya eziyi-100,000 zigubungela iihektare ezi-5 zezigidi zomhlaba wezolimo
Isiseko sedatha se-3D "sokufuma, ukuchuma kunye nokuqina" kumaleko womhlaba we-0-50cm simiselwe.
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokhuseleko:
Xa izinto eziphilayo zingaphantsi kwe-3%, ukujika nzulu kweengca kuyimfuneko
Ubuninzi bomhlaba >1.35g/cm³ bubangela ukusebenza komhlaba ongaphantsi komhlaba
Iziphumo zokuphunyezwa:
Izinga lokulahleka komaleko womhlaba omnyama lehle ngama-76%
Isivuno esiphakathi seembotyi zesoya nge-mu nganye sinyuke nge-21%
Ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kunyuke nge-0.8 yeetoni/ha ngonyaka
Isiphelo
Ukusuka “ekufuyeni okubonakalayo” ukuya “ekufuyeni idatha,” izinzwa zomhlaba ziyayila indlela abantu abathetha ngayo nomhlaba. Ngokudityaniswa okunzulu kwenkqubo ye-MEMS kunye netekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yezinto, ukujonga umhlaba kuya kufezekisa impumelelo kwisisombululo sendawo esincinci kunye nempendulo yexesha kwinqanaba lemizuzu kwixesha elizayo. Ukuphendula imingeni efana nokhuseleko lokutya kwehlabathi kunye nokonakala kwendalo, ezi “zilindi ezithuleyo” ezingcwatywe nzulu ziya kuqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha ephambili kwaye zikhuthaze ulawulo olukrelekrele kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo zomphezulu woMhlaba.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-17-2025