Izivamvo zomhlaba sesinye sesisombululo esibonakalise ukugqwesa kwaso kwimilinganiselo emincinci kwaye sinokuba luncedo kwiinjongo zezolimo.
Yintoni izivamvo zomhlaba?
Izinzwa zilandelela iimeko zomhlaba, zivumela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha yexesha langempela kunye nohlalutyo.Izinzwa zinokulandelela phantse naziphi na iimpawu zomhlaba, njenge-DNA yee-microorganisms ezihlalayo, ukuhambisa ibhalansi ukuya kwi-microbiome yomhlaba enempilo, isivuno esongeziweyo, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezivamvo kwezolimo zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, njengemiqondiso yombane kunye nokulinganisa ukubonakaliswa kwamaza okukhanya, ukuqiniseka ngeempawu zentsimi ezibalulekileyo ezinokuguqula imisebenzi yokulima.
Iintlobo zezivamvo zomhlaba
Abenzi boluvo bomhlaba banokulinganisa iimpawu zomhlaba ezifana nokufuma, ubushushu, i-pH, ubutyuwa, ukufuma, imitha yephotosynthetic, kunye nokulungelelana kwezondlo.-ubukhulu becala initrogen, iphosphorus, kunye nepotassium (NPK) ibalulekileyo.
Ukongeza kwiinzuzo zabo zolawulo lwezityalo, ezifana nomgangatho ongcono weenkozo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwe-nutrient leaching, izinzwa zomhlaba zinokuzisa izibikezelo malunga nobutyebi bamanzi, ukuzinza komhlaba kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Ezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa ziquka ukucwangciswa kokunkcenkceshela, uhlolo lwamanzi, iprofayili ye-microbial ecology, kunye nothintelo lwezifo zezityalo.
Iingenelo zokusebenzisa izivamvo zomhlaba
Ukulandelela ubume bomhlaba kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kumafama nakubalimi, kubandakanywa ukwanda kwesivuno sezityalo kunye nokwandiswa kobuchule bobutyebi.IoT, iinkonzo zefu, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-AI kuvumela abalimi ukuba benze izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha.
Izinzwa zenza ngcono ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso, zigcine izityalo zisempilweni, zandise izixhobo zokusebenza, kwaye zinciphise ukubaleka kunye nokukhupha igesi ehlasela indalo.Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwakhona kuthintela iingxaki, ezifana nokuqhambuka kwentsholongwane yentsholongwane okanye ukugangatheka komhlaba.
Ukubek'esweni imeko yomhlaba kusetyenziswa izinzwa zomhlaba nako kunokwandisa isichumiso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi.Yona'Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga ne-30% yesichumiso senitrate esifakelwe e-US siyakhukulisa kwaye singcolise imithombo yamanzi.Kwaneenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezinobuchule zinokufikelela kwi-50% yokumoshwa kwamanzi, kwaye ezolimo zinoxanduva lokusebenzisa i-70% yamanzi acocekileyo kwihlabathi.Ukukwazi ukuzalisa ukufuma komhlaba ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kunokuba nempembelelo enkulu.
Ukufakela kunye nokulinganisa iiSensors Zomhlaba
Uluvo ngalunye luzakuba nesikhokelo salo sofakelo , kodwa ufakelo lufuna ukugrunjwa umngxuma okanye umsele phakathi komqolo wesityalo kunye nokubeka abenzi boluvo kubunzulu obuninzi, kubandakanya kufutshane neengcambu zesityalo.
Kummandla omkhulu, ezona ndlela zilungileyo ziyalela ukubekwa kwiindawo ezibonisa indawo yonke okanye uhlobo lomhlaba oza kulawulwa, kufutshane nemibhobho yamanzi, kunye nokudibana ngqo nomhlaba (okt, akukho zipokotho zomoya).Iisayithi zoluvo nazo kufuneka ziphawulwe okanye ziphawulwe ngenye indlela kumphezulu ukunqanda umonakalo ngengozi.
Ukongeza kufakelo olufanelekileyo, ukulinganisa inzwa ngundoqo.Abenzi boluvo bomhlaba babhalisa idatha yokufuma komhlaba njengeVolumetric Water Content (VWC), kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lomhlaba luneVWC yalo.Izivamvo zokufuma komhlaba zihlala zineempawu ezahlukeneyo zobuntununtunu, kwaye zinokufuna ukulinganiswa ngokwazo.
Ukulungisa ingxaki
Ukusilela kwezixhobo kungenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki zombane, ukuphazamiseka kwezilwanyana zasendle, okanye iingcingo ezingaxhunywanga kakuhle.Nawuphi na umoya ovuza kwi-tensiometer uya kuyenza ingathembeki.Ukuqinisekisa ubunzulu bofakelo obuchanekileyo kunye neendlela zokuthintela amanzi kunokunceda ukuphepha imiba yexesha elizayo.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusombulula ingxaki ziquka:
Ukujonga umbane kunye neesekethe
Ukucoca iinzwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imichiza
Ukwenza ulungiso oluqhelekileyo lokubuyisela iindawo ezonakalisiweyo ngokomenzi's isikhokelo sokulungisa
Ukubeka iliso kwiMpilo yoMhlaba
Izinzwa zomhlaba zinika isicwangciso esichanekileyo, esilungelelanisiweyo sovavanyo lwempilo yomhlaba.Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaba lulingana ne-biopsy, engathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomhlaba.
Imilinganiselo yezivamvo ikhawuleza kakhulu, ithatha iyure okanye ezimbini kwiihektare ezingama-50.Abenzi boluvo babonisa yonke into eyimfuneko kulawulo lwezityalo olusebenzayo, kubandakanya umxholo wamanzi, uxinzelelo lwamanzi, kunye nobukho bezinto eziphilayo.-isalathisi esikhulu sempilo yomhlaba jikelele-ngaphandle kwesidingo sokususa iisampulu zomhlaba ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ukudityaniswa neeNkqubo zoLawulo lweeFama
Ngokutsho kwengxelo ye-StartUS Insights, i-sensors zomhlaba zezona zinefuthe letekhnoloji yokubeka iliso yomhlaba ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza.Ukudibanisa izinzwa zomhlaba kunye nobunye ubugcisa bokulima obukhulayo, kubandakanywa imephu yomhlaba enikwe amandla nge-AI, i-aerial imaging, iirobhothi zokubeka iliso zomhlaba ezizenzekelayo, i-emission trackers, uhlalutyo lwenyaniso eyongeziweyo yomhlaba, i-nanotechnology, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-blockchain, kunokwandisa ulawulo lwefama.
Imicelimngeni kunye nezisombululo kwiTekhnoloji yeSensor yoMhlaba
Ngokusekwe kwingxelo ka-2020 yeYunivesithi yaseNebraska, yi-12% kuphela yeefama zase-US ezisebenzisa izinzwa zokunyakama komhlaba ukumisela iishedyuli zokunkcenkceshela.Abenzi boluvo bomhlaba baye basebenza ngakumbi ngenxa yophuculo olubonakalayo ekufikelelekeni, ukusebenzisana, kunye nokusetyenzwa kwedatha kunye nezakhono zokubonisa, kodwa inkqubela phambili iyafuneka.
Izinzwa zomhlaba kufuneka zingabizi kakhulu kwaye zisebenzisane ukuze zamkelwe kwihlabathi jikelele.Zininzi iintlobo zezivamvo ezikhoyo, ezikhokelela ekunqongophaleni komgangatho kunye nokuhambelana.
Ubuninzi betekhnoloji esele bukhona buxhomekeke kwi-sensor zobunikazi, ezinokwenza kube nzima ukwenza ngokwezifiso.Ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-sensor, njengaleyo iphuhliswe yi-UC Berkeley, yenza lula ukukhwela ukubonelela ngokubeka iliso kwidatha ephilayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ezikhawulezayo kuwo wonke amasimi kunye neemarike.
Imizekelo: Ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kweeSensa zoMhlaba
Izibonisi zomhlaba zinceda amaFama ukuba agcine amanzi kunye nemali
Uphononongo lweYunivesithi yaseClemson lufumanise ukuba izivamvo zokufuma komhlaba zinokunyusa amafama'Ingeniso eyi-avareji yesatha ngama-20% ngokunyusa impumelelo yokunkcenkceshela kumasimi avavanyiweyo akhulise amandongomane, iimbotyi zesoya, okanye umqhaphu.
Imimandla yeMidlalo eZinzileyo ngakumbi
Iindawo zemidlalo nazo zamkela izivamvo zomhlaba.I-Wembley Stadium kunye ne-Citizens Bank Park (ikhaya le-Philadelphia Phillies) ziphakathi kweendawo zemidlalo ezisebenzisa izinzwa zomhlaba ukugcina iindawo zokudlala eziluhlaza ngelixa ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye namandla, ngokutsho komenzi wenzwa yomhlaba we-Soil Scout.
IiNdlela zekamva kwiTekhnoloji yeSensor yoMhlaba
Iimpawu ezikhulayo ziquka i-nanotechnology, kunye negolide-okanye-isilivere-esekelwe kwi-nano-particles eyandisa i-sensor sensitivity yokufumanisa ukungcola komhlaba njengesinyithi esinzima.
Izinzwa ezigqunywe ngeenano-compounds zinokulandela iimpawu zomhlaba emva koko zikhuphe izondlo, ezifana neoksijini, ekuphenduleni umgangatho oguquguqukayo womhlaba.Abanye babala i-bioindicators, njengezibalo ze-earthworm, okanye ukwahluka kwe-microorganism, ngohlalutyo lwe-DNA, ukuphucula i-microbiome yomhlaba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-09-2024