Ilettuce eluhlaza eluhlaza ikhula kakuhle kwisisombululo sezondlo ngaphakathi kwiitanki zokulima, zonke zilawulwa ziinzwa ezininzi zomgangatho wamanzi ezisebenza ngokuthula.
Kwilabhoratri yeyunivesithi kwiPhondo laseJiangsu, iqela lelettuce likhula ngamandla ngaphandle komhlaba, ngenxa yenkqubo yokujonga ekrelekrele ye-hydroponic esekwe kwitekhnoloji ye-IoT enama-narrow-band. Umphandi uZhang Jing uchaze ukuba le nkqubo isebenzisa izinzwa ezininzi zomgangatho wamanzi ukujonga iiparameter zesisombululo sezondlo ngexesha langempela, zidityaniswe neendlela zokulawula ezithambileyo ukulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo umgangatho wamanzi ngokweemfuno zesityalo.
Njengoko iteknoloji ye-hydroponic isanda, ezi sensors zomgangatho wamanzi ezingabonakaliyo zidlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi. Ukususela kumaziko ophando ochwephesha ukuya kumakhaya aqhelekileyo, iinkqubo ze-hydroponic ezikrelekrele zitshintsha ngokuthe cwaka iindlela zemveli zokulima.
01 Imeko yangoku yeTekhnoloji yeHydroponic
Xa kuthelekiswa nokulima umhlaba wesintu, i-hydroponics ivumela ukukhula kwezityalo ngokukhawuleza kwaye inciphisa iingxaki zezinambuzane. Ekubeni izityalo zihlala zifunxa izondlo kwisisombululo sezondlo, kubalulekile ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi wesisombululo sezondlo se-hydroponic ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo, kwaye zizalise izondlo njengoko kufuneka.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-sensor kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, iinkqubo ze-smart hydroponic ziqalile ukusuka kumaziko ophando ukuya kumakhaya aqhelekileyo.
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-smart hydroponic idla ngokuba nezinto ezintathu eziphambili: ii-sensors, ii-controllers, kunye nee-actuators.
Phakathi kwezi, izinzwa zinoxanduva lokuqokelela iiparameter ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wamanzi, ezisebenza “njengamehlo” kunye “neendlebe” zenkqubo. Ukuchaneka kwazo kunye nokuzinza kwazo kumisela ngokuthe ngqo impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yonke ye-hydroponic.
02 Isishwankathelo esineenkcukacha zeeSensors zeCore
Izinzwa ze-pH
Ixabiso le-pH libalulekile ekukhuleni kwezityalo kwi-hydroponics. Njengoko nabani na okwi-aquaculture esazi, uluhlu lwe-pH olufanelekileyo kwiindawo zamanzi luphakathi kwe-7.5-8.5.
Izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi ze-pH zibona ukuxinana kwee-ion ze-hydrogen kwizinto ezilinganisiweyo kwaye ziyiguqule ibe ziimpawu zokukhupha ezisebenzisekayo.
Ii-ion ze-H+ kwisisombululo zidibana ne-electrode ye-sensor ukuvelisa isignali ye-voltage, kwaye ubukhulu be-voltage buhambelana noxinzelelo lwe-H+. Ngokulinganisa isignali ye-voltage, ixabiso le-pH elihambelanayo lesisombululo linokufunyanwa.
Iisensa ze-pH ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydroponic ziyafumaneka kurhwebo, ezifana neesensa ze-pH ze-hydroponic ezizenzekelayo ezixhasa iinkqubo zonxibelelwano ezisemgangathweni, ezinomlinganiselo we-0-14.00 pH kunye nesisombululo esifikelela kwi-0.01 pH, nto leyo evumela ukujonga nokulawula ngokuchanekileyo.
Izinzwa zeOksijini ezinyibilikisiweyo
Ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhuleni kweengcambu ezisempilweni kwizityalo ezisebenzisa ioksijini. Imizimba yamanzi engangcoliswanga zizinto ezisebenzisa ioksijini igcina ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo kumanqanaba okugcwala.
Izinzwa zeoksijini ezinyibilikisiweyo zilinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini enyibilikisiweyo emanzini.
Iimolekyuli zeoksijini ezivela kwisisombululo esilinganisiweyo zingena kwi-membrane ekhethiweyo ye-sensor kwaye zenze ii-reduction okanye i-oxidation reactions ezifanayo kwi-cathode yangaphakathi kunye ne-anode, ngaxeshanye zivelisa imiqondiso yangoku. Ubukhulu bangoku buhambelana noxinzelelo lweoksijini enyibilikisiweyo.
Iisensa zeoksijini ezinyibilikisiweyo zobungcali ziyafumaneka kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoyilo: ezinye ziyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo ngelixa zibonelela ngokuchanekileyo okugqwesileyo; ezinye zilungele ixesha lokuphendula, zifanelekile ukujonga indawo kunye nokusetyenziswa kohlalutyo.
Izinzwa zoXinzelelo lweIon
Izinzwa zoxinzelelo lwee-ion zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga ukwakheka kwesisombululo sezondlo. Uxinzelelo lwee-ion ezithile ezifana ne-nitrate, i-ammonium, kunye ne-chloride luchaphazela ngqo ukukhula kwesityalo.
Umzekelo, ii-sensors ze-ion ze-ammonium ezikhethekileyo zinokulinganisa umxholo we-ammonium emanzini endalo, emanzini angaphezulu, emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nezicelo ezahlukeneyo zezolimo.
Ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wesixhobo sokuvavanya i-ion esisisombululo se-hydroponic esivela kwiyunivesithi yezolimo lidibanisa ii-ion electrodes, ii-temperature sensors, kunye nee-pH sensors, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuqonda utshintsho lwe-ion concentration, utshintsho lwe-temperature, kunye notshintsho lwe-pH kwizisombululo ze-hydroponic.
Izinzwa zoMbane (EC)
Ukuqhuba kombane luphawu oluphambili olulinganisa uxinano lwe-ion iyonke kwisisombululo sezakhamzimba, nto leyo ebonisa ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba lokuchuma kwesisombululo sezakhamzimba.
Ii-transmitters ze-EC ezizenzekelayo ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunkcenkceshela kwezolimo kunye ne-hydroponics zibonelela ngomlinganiselo ofikelela kwi-0-4000 µS/cm, zixhasa iiprotokholi zokukhupha ezisemgangathweni, ezikwaziyo ukuqhagamshela kwiimpompo/iivalvu zokulinganisa kunye nokulawula iiswitshi zempompo/iivalvu.
Izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokuxinana
Ubushushu buchaphazela ukukhula kweengcambu zesityalo kunye nomsebenzi we-metabolism, ngelixa ukudumba kubonisa ubungakanani bee-particles ezixhonyiweyo kwisisombululo sezondlo.
Kwiiprojekthi zetanki ze-hydroponic ze-greenhouse ezikrelekrele, abaphuhlisi banokusebenzisa iimodyuli zesensor zobushushu bedijithali kunye nomswakama ezichanekileyo, kunye nokuchaneka kobushushu okuqhelekileyo kwe-±0.3℃ kunye nesisombululo se-0.01℃.
Izixhobo zokuvavanya ukungcola ezikhethekileyo zingasetyenziswa nezixhobo ze-multi-parameter ukujonga inqanaba lokungcola kwizisombululo zezondlo.
03 Usetyenziso oluDibeneyo kwiiNkqubo eziLungileyo
Idatha evela kwiisensa ngazinye idla ngokwanelisayo ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo imeko-bume ye-hydroponic, nto leyo eyenza ukuhlanganiswa kweesensa ezininzi kube ngumkhwa okhulayo kwiinkqubo ze-hydroponic ezikrelekrele.
Iiprobe ze-multi-parameter ezineedizayini ezingabizi kakhulu zinokudityaniswa ngokulula neenkqubo zolawulo kunye neenkqubo ze-telemetry, ezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide.
Amaqela ophando aphuhlise iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ezikrelekrele ezisekelwe kwi-IoT ze-hydroponics ezisebenzisa ujongano lwezicelo zeselula ukujonga ngexesha langempela iiparameter zokusingqongileyo ze-hydroponic, zidityaniswe neendlela zokulawula ezikrelekrele zokulungisa iiparameter zomgangatho wamanzi kwisisombululo sezondlo ngokusekelwe kumava okusebenza kunye neemfuno zesityalo.
Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba xa iinkqubo ezinjalo zilawula izisombululo zezondlo, iiparameter eziphambili ezifana ne-pH kunye nokuhanjiswa kombane zinokugcina amaxabiso amiselweyo azinzileyo ngaphakathi kwamaxesha afanelekileyo.
04 Imingeni yoBugcisa kunye neeNdlela zeXesha elizayo
Nangona iteknoloji ye-hydroponic sensor iqhubekile kakhulu, kukho imingeni emininzi eseleyo. Uzinzo lwexesha elide, amandla okuthintela ukungcola, kunye nokuphindaphinda kokulinganiswa kwee-sensors zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.
Ingakumbi ii-electrode ezikhetha ii-ion zichaphazeleka lula kukuphazamiseka kwezinye ii-ion kwaye zifuna ukulinganiswa rhoqo.
Izinzwa ze-hydroponic zexesha elizayo ziya kuphuhlisa imisebenzi emininzi, ubukrelekrele, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
Iinkqubo zesensor eziphambili sele zivumela ukulinganiswa okuphezulu kweeparameter ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-chlorophyll, i-pigments, i-fluorescence, i-turbidity, kunye nokunye.
Okwangoku, ngophuhliso lweeprojekthi ezivulelekileyo, imiqobo yokungena kwiinkqubo ze-hydroponic ezikrelekrele iyancipha, nto leyo evumela abantu abaninzi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kolu tshintsho lwezolimo.
Namhlanje, abemi abaninzi basezidolophini baqala ukuzama ukusebenzisa i-hydroponics yasekhaya. Kwiibhalkhoni zokuhlala kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo, imifuno eluhlaza ikhula ngamandla kwiitanki ze-hydroponic ezikrelekrele ezisekelwe kumaqonga adumileyo e-microcontroller.
“Izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi zingundoqo kwiinkqubo ze-hydroponic—zifana ‘nezihlunu zokungcamla’ zezityalo, zisixelela ukuba zeziphi izondlo ezifuna ukulungiswa,” utshilo umthandi.
Ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe be-sensor kuguqula ulimo oluchanekileyo lube yinto yokwenyani ukusuka ekubeni yinto efanelekileyo ukuya ekubeni yinto yokwenyani.
Singabonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo
1. Imitha ephathwayo yomgangatho wamanzi weparameter ezininzi
2. Inkqubo ye-Floating Buoy yomgangatho wamanzi we-multi-parameter
3. Ibrashi yokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo yesixhobo sokuvavanya amanzi esineeparameter ezininzi
4. Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli engenazingcingo yesoftware, ixhasa i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Ukuze ufumane isivamvo samanzi esingakumbi ulwazi,
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Ixesha leposi: Novemba-07-2025