Xa ubona umlimi omdala ethe cwaka ecaleni kwentsimi, ebamba umhlaba omninzi aze awucinezele, elahlekile engqondweni – utolika ikhowudi endala yomhlaba: ukufuma komhlaba. Namhlanje, i-probe yesinyithi efakwe emhlabeni iqhuba ingxoxo efanayo okanye enzulu ngendlela yedijithali. Le yinzwa yobushushu bomhlaba wezolimo, ukufuma kunye nokuqhuba umbane (EC), "i-soutground scout" yezolimo ezikrelekrele.
Asikuko nje “intonga yesinyithi efakwe emhlabeni”: Yintoni leyo?
Le idla ngokuba yiprobe ebhityileyo efana nentonga equlethe izinto ze-elektroniki ezichanekileyo. Ingalinganisa ngaxeshanye, ngokuqhubekayo nangaphakathi kwindawo ethile izalathisi zobomi ezintathu eziphambili zomhlaba ongaphantsi kweengcambu:
Ubushushu: "Ingxolo Ebandayo Neshushu" Yomhlaba
Umthamo wamanzi omthamo: “Inqanaba lokoma” komhlaba
Ukuqhuba kombane (EC): “Uxinzelelo lweetyuwa zesondlo” emhlabeni
Isebenzisa imigaqo efana ne-time-domain reflectometry (TDR) okanye i-frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR) ukuze ibone ukufuma kunye netyuwa ngendlela engonakalisiyo ngokusebenzisa iimpawu zokusasazeka kwamaza e-electromagnetic kwimidiya yomhlaba. Idatha idluliselwa ngexesha langempela kwiqonga lolawulo ngeendlela ezisebenzisa i-wireless okanye ezingenazingcingo, izoba "imephu yobomi obungaphantsi komhlaba" engabonakaliyo.
Ukucacisa "uLwimi lwezeNdalo" lweeParamitha ezintathu eziPhambili
Ubushushu bomhlaba: Umpu wokuqala wobomi
Ingaphezulu kakhulu kunenombolo enye. Ubushushu bomhlaba obuzinzileyo obuziisentimitha ezi-5 ubunzulu obudlula kwi-12℃ luphawu oluchanekileyo lokuhlwayela umbona. Inkqubo yeengcambu zestrawberry isebenza kakhulu kwi-15-22℃. Idatha yobushushu bomhlaba wasebusika inokuqikelela izinga lokusinda kwezinambuzane ezingaphantsi komhlaba ebusika. Ilawula izinga lokuhluma kwembewu, umsebenzi weentsholongwane kunye nokubola kwezondlo, kwaye isebenza njengesikali esichanekileyo sekhalenda yezolimo.
2. Ukufuma koMhlaba: "Ibhalansi" phakathi kokusebenza kakuhle kunye nengxabano
Kwiindawo zokunkcenkceshela ngamanzi zakwaSirayeli, izinzwa ziguqula idatha yamanzi ibe yimiyalelo yokunkcenkceshela. Xa umxholo wokufuma womaleko oyintloko weengcambu phakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-20 nama-40 wehla ngaphantsi komda obekiweyo, inkqubo iphinda izalise amanzi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuya kuluhlu olufanelekileyo. Oku akugcini nje ngokusindisa ngaphezulu kwama-30% amanzi, kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi, kususa ingxabano yendabuko ethi “uba amanzi am” – idatha iba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo yobulungisa nesayensi.
3. Ukuqhuba kombane womhlaba (EC): Imephu yesondlo engabonakaliyo
Ixabiso le-EC lingabonakalisa ngokungathanga ngqo inani lilonke lee-ion zetyuwa ezinyibilikayo kwisisombululo somhlaba. Ukuba liphezulu kakhulu, kuthetha ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokwanda kwetyuwa kwaye "liya kutshisa iingcambu". Ukuba liphantsi kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yokungonelanga kwezondlo. Kwiifama ezinkulu eHeilongjiang, imephu yokusasazwa kwetyuwa yamasimi adwetshwe ziisenzi ze-EC ikhokela ngokuthe ngqo indlela yokufaka izichumisi eziguquguqukayo: isichumisi esincinci se-potassium sisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezine-EC ephezulu, kwaye ukongezwa okuchanekileyo kubonelelwa kwiindawo ezine-EC ephantsi, ukufezekisa injongo yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesichumisi ngelixa kwandiswa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ixabiso lokusebenzisana: 1+1+1>3
Xa idatha yaba bathathu idityanisiwe, kuvela ukuqonda okutsha:
Ukulindela izifo: Ukufuma okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kunye nobushushu obufanelekileyo kwenza kube yindawo yokuzalela izifo zeengcambu. Inkqubo inokukhupha izilumkiso kwangethuba.
Ukuphucula ukuchumisa: Kuphela kukwazi imeko yokufuma komhlaba apho umntu anokukwazi khona ukuba uza kuchumisa nini – ukuchumisa xa kukho amanzi amancinci kuyatshisa, kwaye ukuchumisa xa kukho amanzi amaninzi kukulahlekelwa.
Ukujongana noxinzelelo: Ubushushu obuphezulu + ukufuma okuphantsi = Uxinzelelo lobushushu besivuno; Ubushushu obuphantsi + ukufuma okuphezulu = umngcipheko wokufunxa iingcambu. Indibaniselwano yenzwa ingakhupha i-alamu kwangoko.
Iimeko ezisebenzayo: Ukusuka ekuchanekeni ukuya ekulumkeni
Kwigreenhouse: Inkqubo yolawulo lokusingqongileyo edityaniswe neSensor. Xa ibona ukuba ubushushu basebusuku buphantsi kakhulu kwaye ukufuma kuphezulu kakhulu, iya kuqala ngokuzenzekelayo ukufudumeza kunye nokususa ubumanzi ukuthintela ukubola okungaphantsi komhlaba kunye nokuthintela inkunkuma yamandla ngaxeshanye.
Kwimihlaba yezolimo esemgangathweni ophezulu: Inethiwekhi yeprobe ivelisa iimephu zeprofayili yomhlaba ezitshintshatshintshayo. Xa kunkcenkceshelwa, ubunzulu amanzi angena kubo "ngaphambili" bunokubonwa ngokucacileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukunkcenkceshela kakuhle ngaphandle kokuntywila nzulu.
Kwiifama zendalo: idatha ye-EC inceda ekuboneni ukugqwala kwendalo kunye nokuncipha kweendlela zokuchuma komhlaba, ikhokela ukutyalwa kwezityalo zokugquma kunye nexesha lokusetyenziswa kwesichumiso sendalo, kwaye ifezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwemijikelo yendalo.
Imida yetekhnoloji kunye nemingeni yexesha elizayo
Izinzwa zanamhlanje ziya zisiba nobuchule, ziqine kwaye zinemilinganiselo emininzi:
Ukwenziwa kweNode AI: Bala ngokuthe ngqo isalathisi semfuno yamanzi ecaleni, unike impendulo ekhawulezayo.
Uyilo lwezinto ezintsha: Imelana ngakumbi netyuwa kunye nokugqwala kwe-alkali, ifanelekile ukungcwatywa ixesha elide.
Ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo: Ezinye izinzwa ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinexabiso le-pH elidibeneyo okanye imisebenzi yokuchonga ekhethiweyo ye-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium ions, nto leyo eguqukayo ibe "yilebhu engaphantsi komhlaba".
Nangona kunjalo, imingeni isekhona: Ungafikelela njani kwinqanaba elifanayo lokuthembeka ngexabiso eliphantsi? Singenza njani ukuba ukutolikwa kwedatha kube “lula ukuyisebenzisa” size siyiguqule ngokuthe ngqo ibe ngumyalelo olula ofana nothi “Water for 2 hours tomorrow morning”?
Isiphelo
Izinzwa zomhlaba, "abaguquleli benkqubo yeengcambu" abangathethiyo, ziguqula "iimvakalelo" ezingaqhelekanga zibe "yidatha" ecacileyo, zizisa ulawulo oludibeneyo lwentsimi kwixesha "lokhathalelo lwendawo yeengcambu" lomntu ngamnye. Oku kusenze saqonda okokuqala ukuba imeko-bume encinci engaphantsi kwe-intshi nganye yomhlaba yahlukile kwaye inamandla.
Ayitshintshanga intsingiselo yokukhula kwezityalo, kodwa itshintshe ngokupheleleyo indlela esiyiqonda nesixhasa ngayo oku kukhula. Kwixesha elizayo apho imida yezixhobo iqina ngakumbi, ukuqonda "ukuxokozela" komhlaba kunokuba linyathelo elibalulekileyo kuthi lokwenza isivumelwano esitsha nendalo.
Ingcinga ende: Xa izinzwa zisixelela iimfuno ezithile zesityalo ngasinye, ngaba ezolimo ziya kutshintsha ngokupheleleyo ukusuka “kulawulo lweploti” ukuya “kulawulo lwezityalo”? Ngaba sikulungele ukwamkela imigaqo emitsha yokulima enobunono kodwa eqhutywa yidatha?
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesenzi somhlaba,
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-29-2025