Umhla: ngoFebruwari 21, 2025
Indawo: eMadrid, eSpain
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iSpain ibone utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumacandelo ayo ezolimo kunye nezonyango, ikakhulu eqhutywa kukwamkelwa kobuchwephesha bokujongwa komgangatho wamanzi. Phakathi kwezi, izinzwa zokulinganisa i-Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), i-Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), i-turbidity, kunye nobushushu ziye zavela njengezixhobo ezibalulekileyo. Ukudityaniswa kwabo kwimisebenzi yoshishino kukulungisa indlela amashishini ajongana ngayo nolawulo lwamanzi, uzinzo, kunye neziphumo zempilo kwindawo eguqukayo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuphucula iindlela zokuSebenza kweZolimo
Kwimeko yolimo lwamashishini, ukugcina amanzi akumgangatho ophezulu kubalulekile kwimveliso yezityalo kunye nempilo yomhlaba. Amafama kulo lonke elaseSpain asebenzisa izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi ukujonga imfezeko yeenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kunye nokuqinisekisa iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwezityalo.
1. Ukuqinisekisa uMgangatho waManzi wokunkcenkceshela
Izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi zivumela amafama ukuba ahlole amanqanaba okungcola kunye nezinto eziphilayo kwimithombo yamanzi okunkcenkceshela. Amanqanaba aphezulu eCOD kunye neBOD angabonakalisa ubukho bezingcolisi eziphilayo ezinokwenzakalisa izityalo. Ngokubeka esweni ezi parameters ngexesha lokwenyani, abalimi banokuthatha amanyathelo okulungisa—njengokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuhluza okanye ukukhetha eminye imithombo yamanzi—ngaloo ndlela ikhusela impilo yezityalo nokuqinisekisa izivuno eziphezulu.
2. Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa koVimba
Ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo zokubona inkcenkcesho kunye nobushushu kuye kwaziguqula ngakumbi iindlela zokunkcenkceshela. Imilinganiselo ye-turbidity inceda ukucacisa ukucaca kwamanzi, okubonisa ubukho bamasuntswana amisiweyo kunye ne-microorganisms. Olu lwazi lubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizizo malunga nokucocwa kwamanzi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni ngcono kobutyebi nokuncitshiswa kwenkunkuma. Ngeli xesha, izinzwa zobushushu zibonelela ngeembono kwiimeko zamanzi eziyimfuneko ekuziphatheni kwezityalo, ngakumbi kumanqanaba abalulekileyo okukhula.
Inkqubela phambili kuNyango lwezoNyango
Icandelo lezonyango eSpeyin lixhamla ngokufanayo ekuhanjisweni kwezinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi zanamhlanje. Kwizibhedlele kunye nezibonelelo zempilo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi angenazintsholongwane kunye nakhuselekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwesigulane kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwonyango.
3. Ukubeka iliso kuMgangatho waManzi kuKhuseleko lweSigulana
Ababoneleli ngezempilo basebenzisa i-COD, BOD, kunye ne-TOC sensors ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi asetyenziselwa iinkqubo zonyango, utyando, kunye novavanyo lwebhubhoratri ahlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko. Ngokubeka iliso elibukhali le parameters, amaziko ezonyango anokuthintela ukusuleleka ngamanzi kwaye aqinisekise ukuba zonke iinkqubo zonyango ezenziwa ngamanzi zikhuselekile kwaye ziyinyumba.
4. Impendulo engxamisekileyo kunye neMpilo yoLuntu
Ngexesha likaxakeka zempilo yoluntu, ezifana nokuqhambuka kwezifo okanye iintlekele zendalo, ukujongwa komgangatho wamanzi kuba kubaluleke ngakumbi. Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lweeparamitha zomgangatho wamanzi luvumela amaziko okhathalelo lwempilo ukuba aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwizisongelo ezinokuthi zibe kho zosulelo, zingakhuseli izigulane kuphela kodwa noluntu ngokubanzi.
Ukukhuthaza izenzo eziZinzileyo
Ukutyhalela uzinzo ngumsonto ofanayo odibanisa amacandelo omabini. Izivamvo zomgangatho wamanzi zenza igalelo kulawulo lwamanzi olunempumelelo ngakumbi, ukuqinisa ukomelela kwezolimo kunye nokhuseleko lwempilo yoluntu. Njengoko iSpain isilwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokunqongophala kwezixhobo, indima yezi zivamvo ayizange ibaluleke ngakumbi.
Ukuxhasa ukuThotyelwa kweMigaqo
Omabini amashishini aphantsi kwemigaqo engqongqo malunga nomgangatho wamanzi kunye nokhuseleko. Idatha ebonelelwe yi-COD, BOD, TOC, turbidity, kunye neenzwa zokushisa azincedi nje kuphela ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yasekhaya kunye ne-European Union kodwa inceda imibutho ibonise ukuzibophezela kwayo ekugcinweni kwendalo kunye nokhuseleko loluntu.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukudityaniswa kwezivamvo zokuhlola umgangatho wamanzi kume njengobungqina bomoya omtsha oqhuba icandelo lezolimo kunye nezempilo eSpain. Ngokuphucula ulawulo lwamanzi, ukukhuthaza uzinzo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, obu bugcisa abuphuculi nje ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa bukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni intembeko yoluntu kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo. Njengoko iSpain iqhubela phambili kula macandelo, impembelelo yezi nzwa iya kukhula kuphela, ivula indlela yekamva elinempilo nelizinzileyo.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokuveliswa komgangatho wamanzi okanye ukuphonononga intsebenziswano kubuchwephesha, abachaphazelekayo kushishino bayakhuthazwa ukuba baqhagamshelane namasebe afanelekileyo ezolimo nawezempilo kulo lonke elaseSpain.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya lwenzwa yomgangatho wamanzi,
nceda uqhagamshelane Honde Technology Co., LTD.
Email: info@hondetech.com
Iwebhusayithi yeNkampani: www.hondetechco.com
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-21-2025