Iimfuno zokubeka iliso kwi-hydrological ePhilippines kunye neenzuzo zeTekhnoloji yeRadar
Njengelizwe elihlala kwiintaba-mlilo eMzantsi-mpuma Asia elinazo iziqithi ezingaphezu kwama-7,000, iPhilippines inomhlaba onzima onemilambo emininzi kwaye ijongene nezisongelo eziqhubekayo ezivela kwizivuthuvuthu kunye neziphepho ezibangela izikhukula. Ngokwedatha yeBhanki yeHlabathi, ilahleko yoqoqosho yonyaka evela kwizikhukula ePhilippines ifikelela kumakhulu ezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ukujonga ngokuchanekileyo umgangatho wamanzi kube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yesizwe yokuthintela iintlekele kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko.
Itekhnoloji yesenzi senqanaba leradar, kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukulinganisa ngaphandle kokuthintana, ibe sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwimingeni yokujonga amanzi ePhilippines. Ngokusekelwe kwimigaqo yokujikeleza kwamaza e-electromagnetic, le teknoloji inikezela ngeenzuzo ezintathu eziphambili: 1) ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu kwinqanaba le-millimeter; 2) ukuziqhelanisa okuqinileyo nokusingqongileyo okufanelekileyo kwimozulu yetropiki yasePhilippines yobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma; kunye 3) neemfuno eziphantsi zolondolozo, okunciphisa kakhulu ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kwiindawo ezikude.
Ngokwezobuchwepheshe, izinzwa zenqanaba leradar ezisetyenziswa ePhilippines zisebenza ikakhulu kwiibhendi ezimbini zefrequency: i-K-band (24GHz) kunye ne-80GHz ephezulu. I-K-band radar inika izibonelelo zexabiso ezifanelekileyo zokusasazwa okukhulu, ngelixa i-80GHz radar isebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo.
Izicelo zokubeka iliso kwinqanaba lerada kwiinkqubo zesilumkiso sesikhukula
Inethiwekhi yesilumkiso sezikhukula yesizwe sasePhilippines isebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni amanqanaba eradar njengezinto eziphambili zobugcisa. Kwiprojekthi enkulu ka-2019, urhulumente wasePhilippines wasebenzisa inethiwekhi yokubeka esweni amanqanaba amanzi esekelwe kwitekhnoloji yokuhambisa irediyo kwiimbombo zemilambo ezili-18 ezinkulu. Le nkqubo ibonisa iingenelo ezibalulekileyo kwiindawo zeentaba nakwiimeko zeenkanyamba: ukungena ngamandla kwamaza erediyo okungachaphazelekiyo kukonakala kweziseko zonxibelelwano; ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi kakhulu okuvumela ukusebenza ixesha elide ngamandla elanga kuphela. Idatha yokusebenza ibonisa ukuba inkqubo ifikelela kuzinzo lokuhambisa idatha lwe-99.7%.
Esinye isisombululo esiphumelelayo sisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-K-band planar radar ekwaziyo ukulinganisa ngaxeshanye inqanaba lamanzi, isantya sokuhamba komphezulu, kunye nokubala ukukhupha amanzi. Olu buchule bokubeka esweni imisebenzi emininzi bubonakala buluncedo kakhulu kwizilumkiso zezikhukula. Izinzwa ze-radar zenkqubo zinoluhlu olukhulu lokulinganisa oluziimitha ezingama-30-70 kunye nokuchaneka kwinqanaba le-millimeter, kwaye ukulinganisa okungahambelaniyo kuthintela imiba yokuba izinzwa zemveli zonakaliswe okanye zivalwe ngamanzi ezikhukula.
Uvavanyo lweBhunga leSizwe lokuNcitshiswa nokuLawulwa koMngcipheko weeNtlekele lubika ukuba emva kokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni amanqanaba eradar, ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokukhokela izilumkiso zezikhukula liphucukile ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokufuduka kunye namazinga okukhusela impahla anyuka ngama-35% kunye nama-28% ngokulandelelana.
Ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba leradar kwiMisele yasezidolophini kunye nonyango lwamanzi amdaka
Kwinkqubo yokubeka esweni imibhobho yamanzi asezidolophini yaseMetro Manila, iigeyiji ze-radar ze-80GHz FMCW zibonisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo. Zenzelwe ngokukodwa iindawo ezintsonkothileyo zasezidolophini, ezi zixhobo zine: isakhiwo esincinci esifanelekileyo ukufakwa kwimibhobho yamanzi emxinwa kunye nemithombo yokuhlolwa; ukhuseleko oluphezulu oluqinisekisa ukusebenza ngexesha lemvula enkulu kunye nezikhukula; kunye neemodyuli ezingenazingcingo ezivumela uqwalaselo lweengcali ezikude. Idatha yasentsimini ibonisa ukusebenza okugqwesileyo ukungena kwiimeko zemibhobho yamanzi yasezidolophini ezifana nomphunga, igwebu, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, ukugcina ukuchaneka komlinganiselo ngaphakathi kwe-±3mm.
Kwizicelo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka, iigeyiji ze-radar ze-FMCW ezisebenza rhoqo zibalaseleyo ekujongeni itanki yokutsalwa kwenkunkuma. Uyilo lwe-beam olujoliswe kuyo lunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kokusasazeka kwesignali kwizinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo; ii-angles ze-beam ezimxinwa kakhulu zithintela imiqondiso yobuxoki evela kudonga lwetanki; kwaye iziphumo zesignali ezisemgangathweni zihambelana ngokuthe ngqo neempompo zokususa udaka ukuze kulawulwe ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo. Idatha yokusebenza ibonisa ukuba iigeyiji ze-radar ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle konyango lwedaka ngama-20% ngelixa zivelisa ukonga okukhulu ngonyaka kwiindleko zomsebenzi wolondolozo.
Izifundo zeTyala zoMlinganiselo weNqanaba leRadar yoShishino
Kwiifama zeetanki zokugcina ioyile, iigeyiji zenqanaba leradar ezikhokelwayo zibonelela ngezisombululo ezibalulekileyo zokujonga ulwelo oluyingozi. Ezi zixhobo zinee-antenna ezigxile kwimibhobho emifutshane ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kwe-echo yodonga lwetanki, zifezekisa ukuchaneka kokulinganisa urhwebo. Uyilo lwazo olukhuselekileyo luhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yokumelana nokuqhuma, kunye netekhnoloji yokuzixilonga ejonga rhoqo imeko yezixhobo ukuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lokusebenza. Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba iigeyiji zenqanaba leradar zinciphisa kakhulu iingxabano zokulinganisa kwaye zivelisa iingenelo ezinkulu zoqoqosho ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lwempahla.
Kwishishini leekhemikhali, iigeyiji ze-radar ze-FMCW ezisebenza rhoqo zisombulula ngempumelelo imingeni yokulinganisa ulwelo olunokubola kakhulu noluguquguqukayo. Zakhiwe ngezinto ezimelana nokubola, imiqondiso yazo esetyenziswa rhoqo inika ukungena okunamandla ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngumphunga, ngelixa isisombululo esiphezulu sibamba utshintsho lwamanqanaba amancinci. Idatha yokudibanisa izityalo ibonisa ukuba iigeyiji ze-radar ziphucula kakhulu uzinzo lolawulo lwenqanaba letanki kwaye zisusa ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso ngenxa yeempazamo zokulinganisa.
Izicelo zokuJonga iNqanaba laManzi kuNcedo lwezoLimo kunye noMandla oMbane
Kwinkqubo enkulu yokunkcenkceshela yaseNorth Luzon, iigeyiji zamanzi zeradar ezingadibaniyo zijonga iindawo eziphambili kwimisele emikhulu. Zisebenzisa i-K-band frequency ene-engile ezincinci zomqadi ukuthintela ukubonakaliswa kwe-embankment, ukhuseleko lwe-IP68 kwiindawo ezingaphandle ezinobungozi, kunye namandla elanga kwiindawo ezikude, igunya lokunkcenkceshela libika ukuchaneka kokusasazwa kwamanzi nge-95% kunye nokwanda okuphakathi kwe-15% kwisivuno serayisi.
Kwinkqubo yokuthunyelwa kwedama lesityalo esikhulu samandla ombane, iigeyiji zamanzi ze-radar ezingama-80GHz zijonga amanqanaba e-forebay yedama ngomgama weemitha ezingama-40 kunye nokuchaneka kwe-±2mm, zithumela idatha yexesha langempela ngemiqondiso ye-4-20mA kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwesityalo. Iirekhodi zokusebenza zibonisa iigeyiji zeradar zinceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane nge-8% ngelixa ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezikhukula ezisezantsi.
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Ixesha leposi: Julayi-17-2025