Unjingalwazi wasePolytechnic ujonge ukusebenzisa idatha yesikhululo semozulu ukuqikelela ubukho bamandla elanga

Idatha yemozulu kudala inceda ababikezeli baqikelele amafu, imvula kunye nezaqhwithi. U-Lisa Bozeman we-Purdue Polytechnic Institute ufuna ukutshintsha oku ukuze i-itility kunye nabanini benkqubo yelanga bakwazi ukuqikelela ukuba kuya kuvela nini kwaye kuphi ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukwandisa ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga.
“Ayisiyondlela esiluhlaza ngayo isibhakabhaka,” watsho uBoseman, usekela-njingalwazi owafumana iPh.D. kubunjineli boshishino. “Ikwamalunga nokumisela imveliso nokusetyenziswa kombane.”
I-Bozeman iphanda indlela idatha yemozulu inokudibaniswa ngayo kunye nezinye iiseti zedatha ezifumaneka esidlangalaleni ukuze kuphuculwe ukuphendula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwegridi yesizwe ngokuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga. Iinkampani eziluncedo zihlala zijongana nocelomngeni lokuhlangabezana nemfuno ngexesha lehlobo elishushu kunye nobusika obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo.
"Okwangoku, iimodeli ezilinganiselweyo zokubikezela ilanga kunye nokuphucula ziyafumaneka kwizinto eziluncedo malunga nefuthe lemihla ngemihla yamandla elanga kwigridi," utshilo uBozeman. "Ngokumisela indlela yokusebenzisa idatha ekhoyo ukuvavanya ukuveliswa kwelanga, sinethemba lokunceda igridi. Abenzi bezigqibo zolawulo bayakwazi ukulawula iimeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu kunye neencopho kunye neentlambo ekusebenziseni amandla."
Ii-arhente zikarhulumente, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye namajelo osasazo zihlola iimeko ze-atmospheri ngexesha lokwenyani. Ulwazi lwangoku lwemozulu lukwaqokelelwa ngabantu abasebenzisa izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi ezifakwe kumakhaya abo. Ukongezelela, idatha iqokelelwa yi-NOAA (i-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) kunye ne-NASA (i-National Aeronautics and Space Administration) satellites. Iinkcukacha ezisuka kwezi zikhululo zemozulu zahlukeneyo zidityanisiwe kwaye zenziwe zifumaneke kuluntu.
Iqela lophando likaBozeman lihlola iindlela zokudibanisa ulwazi lwexesha langempela kunye neenkcukacha zemozulu zembali ezivela kwiLebhu yeSizwe yaMandla aVuselelwayo (i-NREL), iSebe le-US lovavanyo oluphambili lwesizwe kumandla avuselelekayo kunye nophando lwamandla kunye nophuhliso. I-NREL yenza iseti yedatha ebizwa ngokuba yiNyanga yeMeteorological (TMY) ebonelela ngexabiso lemitha yelanga ngeyure kunye nezinto zemozulu zonyaka oqhelekileyo. Idatha ye-TMY NREL inokusetyenziselwa ukumisela iimeko zemozulu eziqhelekileyo kwindawo ethile kwixesha elide.
Ukudala idatha yedatha ye-TMY, i-NREL ithathe idatha yesikhululo semozulu kwiminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwi-100 edluleyo, iyilinganise kwaye yafumana inyanga eyayisondele kumndilili, utshilo uBoseman. Injongo yophando kukudibanisa le datha kunye nedatha yangoku evela kwizikhululo zemozulu zendawo kulo lonke ilizwe ukuqikelela ukushisa kunye nobukho bemitha yelanga kwiindawo ezithile, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ezo ndawo zikufuphi okanye zikude kwimithombo yedatha yexesha langempela.
"Ukusebenzisa olu lwazi, siya kubala ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka kwigridi ukusuka kwiinkqubo zelanga zemitha," utshilo uBozeman. "Ukuba sinokuxela kwangaphambili isizukulwana selanga kungekudala, sinokunceda izixhobo ezisebenzayo ukuba zibone ukuba ziyakufumana ukunqongophala okanye umbane ongaphezulu."
Ngelixa izinto eziluncedo ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa indibaniselwano yamafutha efosili kunye nezinto ezivuselelwayo ukuvelisa umbane, abanye abaninimzi kunye namashishini bavelisa amandla elanga okanye omoya emva kwemitha. Ngelixa imithetho yemitha yokulinganisa ihluka ngokwelizwe, ngokuqhelekileyo ifuna izixhobo zokuthenga umbane ogqithisileyo owenziwe ngamaphaneli e-photovoltaic yabathengi. Ke njengoko amandla elanga amaninzi efumaneka kwigridi, uphando lukaBozeman lunokunceda izixhobo zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwamafutha efosili.