Idatha yemozulu ibisoloko inceda ababikezeli bezulu ukuba baqikelele amafu, imvula kunye nezivuthuvuthu. ULisa Bozeman wePurdue Polytechnic Institute ufuna ukutshintsha oku ukuze abanini bezixhobo kunye nenkqubo yelanga bakwazi ukuqikelela ukuba ukukhanya kwelanga kuya kuvela nini kwaye phi, kwaye ngenxa yoko, kwandise imveliso yamandla elanga.
“Asikuko nje ukuba isibhakabhaka siluhlaza kangakanani,” utshilo uBoseman, uprofesa oncedisayo owafumana iPhD yakhe kubunjineli bemizi-mveliso. “Kukwamalunga nokumisela imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane.”
UBozeman uphanda indlela idatha yemozulu enokudityaniswa ngayo nezinye iiseti zedatha ezifumanekayo esidlangalaleni ukuphucula ukusabela nokusebenza kakuhle kwegridi yesizwe ngokuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo imveliso yamandla elanga. Iinkampani zeenkonzo zidla ngokujongana nomngeni wokuhlangabezana neemfuno ngexesha lasehlotyeni elishushu kunye nobusika obubandayo.
“Okwangoku, iimodeli zokuqikelela amandla elanga kunye nokwenza ngcono zifumaneka kwiinkampani ezibonelela ngeenkonzo malunga nempembelelo yemihla ngemihla yamandla elanga kwigridi,” utshilo uBozeman. “Ngokumisela indlela yokusebenzisa idatha ekhoyo ukuvavanya ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga, sinethemba lokunceda igridi. Abenzi bezigqibo zolawulo bayakwazi ngcono ukulawula iimeko zemozulu ezibi kunye neencopho kunye neentlambo ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla.”
Iiarhente zikarhulumente, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya kunye nabasasazi bajonga imeko yomoya ngexesha langempela. Ulwazi lwangoku lwemozulu luqokelelwa ngabantu abasebenzisa izixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kwi-intanethi ezifakwe emakhayeni abo. Ukongeza, idatha iqokelelwa ziisathelayithi ze-NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) kunye ne-NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Idatha evela kwezi zikhululo zemozulu ezahlukeneyo iyadityaniswa kwaye yenziwe ifumaneke kuluntu.
Iqela lophando likaBozeman lihlola iindlela zokudibanisa ulwazi lwexesha langempela kunye nedatha yemozulu yembali evela kwiLabhoratri yaMandla aHlaziyiweyo yeSizwe (NREL), uvavanyo oluphambili lwesizwe lweSebe laMandla laseMelika kuphando nophuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. I-NREL ivelisa iseti yedatha ebizwa ngokuba yiTypical Meteorological Year (TMY) ebonelela ngexabiso lemitha yelanga yeyure kunye nezinto zemozulu kunyaka oqhelekileyo. Idatha ye-TMY NREL ingasetyenziselwa ukumisela iimeko zemozulu eziqhelekileyo kwindawo ethile ixesha elide.
Ukuze kwenziwe iseti yedatha ye-TMY, i-NREL ithathe idatha yesitishi semozulu kwiminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwe-100 edlulileyo, yayenza umyinge yaza yafumana inyanga eyayisondele kakhulu kumyinge, utshilo uBoseman. Injongo yolu phononongo kukudibanisa le datha nedatha yangoku evela kwizikhululo zemozulu zasekuhlaleni kulo lonke ilizwe ukuqikelela ubushushu kunye nokuba khona kwemitha yelanga kwiindawo ezithile, nokuba ezo ndawo zikufutshane okanye zikude nemithombo yedatha yexesha langempela.
“Sisebenzisa olu lwazi, siza kubala ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka kwigridi kwiinkqubo zelanga ezingasemva kwemitha,” utshilo uBozeman. “Ukuba singaqikelela ukuveliswa kwelanga kungekudala, singanceda iinkonzo zibone ukuba ziya kuba nengxaki yokunqongophala okanye umbane omninzi.”
Nangona iinkonzo zikagesi zihlala zisebenzisa indibaniselwano yamafutha efosili kunye nezinto ezivuselelekayo ukuvelisa umbane, abanye abanini bezindlu kunye namashishini bavelisa amandla elanga okanye omoya kwindawo emva kwemitha. Nangona imithetho yokulinganisa i-net yahluka ngokwelizwe, ngokubanzi ifuna iinkonzo zikagesi zithenge umbane ogqithisileyo oveliswa ziiphaneli ze-photovoltaic zabathengi. Ngoko ke njengoko amandla elanga amaninzi efumaneka kwigridi, uphando lukaBozeman lunokunceda iinkonzo zikagesi zinciphise ukusebenzisa kwazo amafutha efosili.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-09-2024