Izinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi ePiezoresistive ziye zaba yinxalenye yesicwangciso esibanzi solawulo lwamanzi eSingapore, sixhasa inguqu yesizwe ukuya “kwiGridi yaManzi eSmart.” Eli nqaku liphonononga usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo lwezi zinzwa zomelele nezichanekileyo kuzo zonke iinkqubo zamanzi zasedolophini zaseSingapore, ukusuka kuthintelo lwezandyondyo ukuya kulawulo lwamadama kunye nothungelwano lwamanzi olukrelekrele. Njengobuchwephesha obuguqula uxinzelelo lwamanzi kwiimpawu zombane ngokusebenzisa izinto ze-piezoresistive, ezi zinzwa zibonelela iBhodi ye-Public Utilities yaseSingapore (PUB) ngolwazi oluthembekileyo, lwexesha langempela lokuphucula ukusebenza, ukuphucula ukuqina kwenkqubo, kunye nokuphucula ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo kwiziseko zamanzi ezinzima zelizwe.
Intshayelelo yePiezoresistive Sensing kwiCandelo laManzi laseSingapore
Uhambo lwaseSingapore lokuba yinkokeli yehlabathi kulawulo lwamanzi luqhutywa yimfuneko. Njengesizwe esincinci esikwisiqithi esinobuncwane bamanzi endalo obunyiniweyo kunye nokuba sesichengeni okuphezulu kwiimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu njengemvula enkulu kunye nokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle, iSingapore ityale imali eninzi kubugcisa bamanzi obutsha. Phakathi kwezi, ii-piezoresistive sensors zamanzi ziye zavela njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zokubeka iliso zamanzi zelizwe, ezinikezela ukuthembeka okungenakulinganiswa kunye nokuchaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zasemanzini.
I-piezoresistive sensors isebenza kumgaqo wokuba izinto ezithile zitshintsha ukuxhathisa kombane xa ziphantsi koxinzelelo lomatshini. Kwizicelo zomgangatho wamanzi, ezi zivamvo zilinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic olukhutshwa ngumhlathi wamanzi, oluhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nobude bamanzi. Obu budlelwane bomzimba buvumela ukuzimisela okuchanekileyo kwinqanaba lamanzi kungakhathaliseki ukucaca kwamanzi, i-turbidity, okanye ubukho bezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo-izinto ezihlala zicela umngeni kwiiteknoloji ezizezinye ezifana ne-ultrasonic okanye i-optical sensors.
IBhodi yeZisebenzi zoLuntu (i-PUB), i-arhente yesizwe yamanzi yaseSingapore, iye yasebenzisa ngokucwangcisekileyo i-piezoresistive sensors kwiindawo ezininzi zolawulo lwamanzi. Oku kuthunyelwa kujongana nemingeni eliqela yaseSingapore: imfuno yoqikelelo oluchanekileyo lwezikhukhula kwimozulu yetropikhi ethanda ukuna kakhulu, imfuno yolawulo oluchanekileyo lwamadama kwilizwe elinqongopheleyo elidale amadama amaninzi asezidolophini, kunye nemfuno yedatha ethembekileyo ukuze kusebenze uthungelwano oluya luntsonkotha noludityanisiweyo lonikezelo lwamanzi.
Ibali lamanzi laseSingapore lelinye leenguqu-ukusuka ekunqongopheni kwamanzi ukuya kukhuseleko lwamanzi. Iimpompo zeSizwe eziZine zesizwe (amanzi okuqokelela asekuhlaleni, amanzi asuka kumazwe angaphandle, i-NEWater, namanzi acociweyo) amele isicwangciso-qhinga sonikezelo lwamanzi olwahlukeneyo apho icandelo ngalinye lifuna ukubekwa esweni ngononophelo. I-Piezoresistive sensors inegalelo kwesi sicwangciso ngokubonelela ngedatha echanekileyo, yexesha langempela elifunekayo ukuze kulungiswe imisebenzi kuzo zonke iimpompo ezine, ngokukodwa kwiinkqubo zokubamba zendawo eziqokelela amanzi kwisibini kwisithathu somhlaba waseSingapore.
Ukwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe bepiezoresistive kulungelelaniswa nenyathelo elibanzi laseSingapore leSmart Nation, eligxininisa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo eziqhutywa lulwazi kuwo onke amacandelo. Kulawulo lwamanzi, oku kuguqulela kwiinzwa ezingaboneleli kuphela imilinganiselo kodwa zidibanise ngokungenamthungo kunye neeplatifti zokuhlalutya eziphuculweyo, ezivumela ukugcinwa kwangaphambili, iinkqubo zokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nezakhono zokulumkisa kwangaphambili. Ukuqina kweenzwa ze-piezoresistive-amandla abo okugcina ukuchaneka nangona i-biofouling, ukuguquguquka kweqondo lokushisa, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwexesha elide-kubenza ukuba bafaneleke ngokukodwa kwindawo ye-Tropiki yaseSingapore kunye nemigangatho echanekileyo ye-PUB yomgangatho wedatha kunye nokuthembeka kwenkqubo.
UkuJonga iZandyondyo kunye neNkqubo yokuLumkisa kwangethuba
Imozulu yeTropiki yaseSingapore izisa imvula enamandla enokongamela iinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eyenza ukuba uqwalaselo lwezandyondyo lwezikhukhula lubaluleke ukomelela kwedolophu. Ibhodi yePublic Utilities Board (PUB) iphumeze uthungelwano olubanzi lwee-piezoresistive water level sensors njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sayo sokulawula ingozi yezikhukhula, idala enye yeendlela eziphambili zokulumkisa izikhukhula ezidolophini kwihlabathi. Ezi zoluvo zibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo efunekayo ukuze kuqikelelwe, kubekwe iliso, kwaye kusabele kwizehlo zezandyondyo kumhlaba wedolophu oshinyeneyo wesiqithi.
Ukuhanjiswa kweSensor kwiiNdawo ezinoMngcipheko oMkhulu
I-PUB ifake ngobuchule i-piezoresistive sensors kwiindawo ezimalunga nama-200 eziphambili kuwo wonke uthungelwano lokuhambisa amanzi e-Singapore, ngogxininiso olukhethekileyo kwiindawo ezisemazantsi kunye neendawo ezazinembali yezikhukula57. Ezi zinzwa ziqhubeka nokubeka iliso kumanqanaba amanzi kwimisele, imijelo, kunye nemilambo, ukondla idatha yexesha langempela kwiinkqubo zolawulo eziphambili zePUB. Itekhnoloji ye-piezoresistive yakhethwa kwezi zicelo ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo okukhethekileyo kwiimeko zemo engqongileyo zaseSingapore ezicela umngeni-ukufuma okuphezulu, iimvula ezihlala rhoqo, kunye nokubakho kwamanzi ezikhukula ezinomdaka ezinokungcolisa ezinye iintlobo zezivamvo.
Izixhobo zoluvo zenza inxalenye yenkqubo edibeneyo yokuhlola isikhukula equka irada yemvula, iikhamera zeCCTV, kunye nabahloli bomgangatho wamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, i-piezoresistive sensors level water level isebenza njengento esisiseko, inikezela ngowona mlinganiselo uthe ngqo womngcipheko wezikhukhula kwiindawo ezithile. Imilinganiselo yabo ixabiseke ngokukodwa kuba ibamba umphumo odibeneyo wazo zonke iinkqubo ze-hydrological upstream-intensity yemvula, iimpawu ze-catchment runoff, kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi-kwipharamitha enye, elula ukutolika: ubunzulu bamanzi.
IiNdlela zokuQalisa eziziSebenzisayo
Inkqubo yokuhlola izandyondyo yaseSingapore isebenzisa i-piezoresistive sensor data ukuvelisa izilumkiso ezizenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa amajelo amaninzi. Xa amanqanaba amanzi enyuka ukuya kwimida echazwe kwangaphambili (ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-50%, i-75%, i-90%, kunye ne-100% yobunzulu obunzulu), inkqubo ibangela izaziso nge-SMS, i-MyWaters application mobile, kunye ne-PUB yangaphakathi yegumbi lokulawula iziboniso7. Le ndlela yokwazisa ngenqanaba ivumela iimpendulo ezithweswe izidanga, ukusuka kuhlolo lwesiqhelo ukuya kungenelelo olungxamisekileyo.
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-piezoresistive sensors (± 0.1% yesikali esipheleleyo kufakelo oluninzi) iqinisekisa ukuba izilumkiso zisekwe kwimilinganiselo echanekileyo, ukunciphisa ii-alamu zobuxoki ngelixa zibonelela ngexesha elaneleyo lesilumkiso. Abahlali kunye namashishini banokurhuma ukufumana izilumkiso ukuya kutsho kwiindawo ezintathu zoluvo olukhethekileyo, oko kwenza ukuba izilumkiso ezenzelwe wena ngokwezandyondyo zeendawo ezixhalabisayo7. Eli nqanaba lokwenziwa ngokwezifiso linokwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokuba i-piezoresistive sensors inikezela ngedatha ethembekileyo ethembekileyo i-PUB kunye noluntu olunokuyithemba.
Ukudityaniswa neZibonelelo zoLawulo lweZikhukula
Ngaphaya kweenkqubo zokulumkisa, idatha ye-piezoresistive sensor ilawula ngokuthe ngqo iziseko zophuhliso ezizenzekelayo zokunciphisa izandyondyo kwiindawo ezininzi kulo lonke elaseSingapore. Kwiindawo ezifana ne-Orchard Road-isithili sevenkile esafumana izikhukhula ezimbi ngo-2010 kunye no-2011-idatha ye-sensor ivuselela ukusebenza kwezithintelo zexeshana zezandyondyo kwaye ivule iimpompo ezinamandla ukuphambukisa amanzi ezikhukhula5. Ixesha lokuphendula elikhawulezayo labenzi boluvo (elingaphantsi kwesekhondi enye) libalulekile kwezi zicelo, ukuvumela iinkqubo zolawulo ukuba zisebenze phambi kokuba iimeko zezikhukhula zibe mbi.
Esinye isicelo esiphawulekayo yinkqubo engaphantsi komhlaba “yokumelana nezikhukula” kwizakhiwo ezikwiindawo ezithandwa zizikhukula. Apha, i-piezoresistive sensors ezifakwe kwiipaki zeemoto eziphantsi komhlaba zidibanisa kwiinkqubo ze-alamu zokwakha, zinika izilumkiso ezithe ngqo kubaphathi bezakhiwo kunye nabahlali xa isikhukula sisongela5. Ulwakhiwo olomeleleyo lwezinzwa luqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembakeleyo naxa kuntywiliselwe kancinci, indawo yokusilela eqhelekileyo kubuchwephesha obungaqinanga kangako.
Ukusebenza ngexesha lezehlo zeMozulu ezigqithisileyo
Inethiwekhi ye-sensor ye-piezoresistive yaseSingapore ibonakalise ixabiso layo ngexesha leziganeko ezininzi zemvula. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lesaqhwithi se-2018 esiye sehla malunga ne-160mm yemvula kwiiyure ezine-enye yezona mvula ezinamandla kakhulu kwimbali yaseSingapore-inethiwekhi yenzwa yanikezela i-PUB ngomzuzu-ngomzuzu ukuhlaziywa kumanqanaba amanzi kwisiqithi sonke. Olu lwazi luvumele ukusasazwa okujoliswe kuko kwamaqela okusabela kwizikhukhula kunye nonxibelelwano oluchanekileyo loluntu malunga nokuba zeziphi iindawo ezisengozini kakhulu.
Uhlalutyo lwasemva komcimbi wedatha yenzwa lukwancede i-PUB ukuchonga imiqobo yenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kunye nokwandisa utyalo-mali lweziseko ezizayo. Isakhono se-piezoresistive sensors 'ukubonelela ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo naxa iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zibenza baxabiseke ngokukodwa kolu phando lwasenkundleni, njengoko bebamba i-hydrograph epheleleyo yeziganeko zezikhukhula ngaphandle kwezithuba zedatha ngexesha lokuhamba okuphezulu.
ULawulo lokuGcina amanzi kunye noGcino lwaManzi
Indlela entsha yaseSingapore yokugcina amanzi kunye nolawulo lwamadama ithembele kakhulu ekubekweni kweliso kwinqanaba lamanzi, kunye ne-piezoresistive sensors edlala indima ephambili ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwezi zinto zibalulekileyo zamanzi. Njengesixeko esisesiqithini esinobutyebi bamanzi endalo obunyiniweyo, iSingapore iyiguqule indawo yayo yasezidolophini ukuze isebenze njengendawo yokutsala amanzi, idala uthungelwano olubanzi lwamadama aqokelela amanzi ngoku kwisibini kwisithathu somphezulu womhlaba welizwe. Ulawulo lwala machibi lufuna ulwazi oluchanekileyo, lwexesha langempela-imfuneko idibene ngokugqibeleleyo ne-piezoresistive sensor technology.
Marina Reservoir System Monitoring
I-Marina Reservoir, indawo ehlala abantu basezidolophini yase-Singapore, ingumzekelo wosetyenziso oluntsonkothileyo lwezivamvo zepiezoresistive kwiindawo ezinkulu zokugcina amanzi. Izixhobo zoluvo ezininzi zibekwe ngokucwangcisiweyo kubunzulu obahlukeneyo kunye neendawo kulo lonke eli dama ukuze kubekwe iliso kungekuphela nje imigangatho yamanzi kodwa kunye neziphumo zokuhlelwa kunye nokwahluka kwendawo3. Le milinganiselo ibalulekile kwimiba emininzi yokusebenza:
- Ulawulo loNikezelo lwaManzi: Idatha yenqanaba elichanekileyo iqinisekisa amazinga afanelekileyo okurhoxisa agcina unikezelo ngelixa kuthintelwa ukuthotywa ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Ukubanjwa kwamanzi esitshi: Ngexesha leziganeko zokuna kwemvula, abenzi boluvo banceda ukufumanisa ukuba kungakanani ukubaleka kwamanzi ongezelelweyo anokufunxwa ngokukhuselekileyo.
- Ukulawulwa kobutyuwa: Kwi-Marina Barrage, idatha ye-sensor ikwazisa imisebenzi yesango ukukhusela ukungena kwamanzi olwandle ngelixa ivumela ukukhutshwa okufanelekileyo.
I-piezoresistive sensors kwi-Marina Reservoir yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukujamelana neemeko zamanzi anebrackish apho amanzi ahlambulukileyo adibana nolwandle, kunye nezinto ezikhethiweyo ukuxhathisa ukubola kule meko inzima. Ukwakhiwa kwabo okuqinileyo kuvumela ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci, nangona ukucwiliswa rhoqo kunye nokuvezwa kwiikhemistri zamanzi ezahlukeneyo.
UkuJonga iTanki yoGcino olunatyisiweyo
Ngaphaya kwamadama amakhulu, abenzi boluvo be-piezoresistive bajonga amanqanaba amanzi kwiitanki ezininzi zogcino olunatyisiweyo zaseSingapore-iziseko ezingundoqo zokugcina uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye noovimba bexesha likaxakeka kulo lonke uthungelwano lokuhambisa amanzi kwisiqithi37. Ezi zicelo zibonisa ubuninzi babenzi boluvo:
- Iitanki ze-Urban Rooftop: Kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, izinzwa ziqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwamanzi okwaneleyo kwimigangatho ephezulu ngelixa zithintela ukuphuphuma.
- Imithombo yeNkonzo: Ezi ndawo zokugcina eziphakathi zisebenzisa idatha yenzwa ukuze kulungiswe iishedyuli zokumpompa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
- UGcino oluNgxamisekileyo: Oovimba beqhinga abagcinelwe imbalela okanye iimeko zokusilela kweziseko zophuhliso bajongwa ngononophelo ukulungiselela ukulungela.
I-PUB inezivamvo ezilungelelanisiweyo ze-piezoresistive kwezi zicelo ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo ngokungaguquguqukiyo kwiijiyometri zetanki ezahlukeneyo kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukusebenzelana ngqo neenkqubo zeSCADA ezenza uthungelwano lokuhambisa amanzi lwaseSingapore luzenzekele.
Singakwazi nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo
1. Imitha ephathwayo yomgangatho wamanzi we-multi-parameter
2. Inkqubo yeBuoy edadayo yomgangatho wamanzi aneparamitha ezininzi
3. Ibrashi yokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-multi-parameter sensor yamanzi
4. Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli yesoftware engenazingcingo, ixhasa iRS485 GPRS / 4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Ukufumana inzwa yamanzi ngaphezulu ulwazi,
nceda uqhagamshelane Honde Technology Co., LTD.
Email: info@hondetech.com
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-27-2025