Kwindlela yokujonga imozulu kunye nokujonga okusingqongileyo, kubalulekile ukufumana idatha echanekileyo nefike ngexesha. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, izikhululo zemozulu ezininzi zisebenzisa izinzwa zedijithali kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nokudluliselwa kwayo. Phakathi kwazo, iprotocol ye-SDI-12 (Serial Data Interface kwi-1200 baud) ibe lukhetho olubalulekileyo kwicandelo lezikhululo zemozulu ngenxa yobulula bayo, ukuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
1. Iimpawu zeprotocol ye-SDI-12
I-SDI-12 yiprotokholi yonxibelelwano olulandelelanayo lwee-sensors ezinamandla aphantsi, efanelekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo. Le protokholi ineempawu eziphambili ezilandelayo:
Uyilo olusebenzisa amandla aphantsi: Iprotokholi ye-SDI-12 ivumela izinzwa ukuba zingene kwimodi yokulala xa zingasebenzi, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye zifanelekile kwizixhobo ezisebenzisa ibhetri.
Inkxaso yee-sensor ezininzi: Kunokuqhagamshelwa ii-sensor ezingama-62 kwibhasi ye-SDI-12, kwaye idatha ye-sensor nganye inokuchongwa ngedilesi eyahlukileyo, nto leyo eyenza ulwakhiwo lwenkqubo lube bhetyebhetye ngakumbi.
Kulula ukuyidibanisa: Ukulungiswa kweprotocol ye-SDI-12 kuvumela ii-sensors ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo ukuba zisebenze kwinkqubo enye, kwaye ukuhlanganiswa nomqokeleli wedatha kulula kakhulu.
Ukudluliselwa kwedatha okuzinzileyo: I-SDI-12 idlulisela idatha ngeenombolo ze-12-bit, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwedatha.
2. Ukwakhiwa kwesikhululo semozulu esiphuma kwi-SDI-12
Isikhululo semozulu esisekelwe kwiprotocol ye-SDI-12 sidla ngokuba nala macandelo alandelayo:
Inzwa: Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwisikhululo semozulu, esiqokelela idatha yemozulu ngeenzwa ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iinzwa zobushushu, iinzwa zokufuma, isantya somoya kunye neenzwa zesikhokelo, iinzwa zemvula, njl. Zonke iinzwa zixhasa iprotocol ye-SDI-12.
Umqokeleli wedatha: Unoxanduva lokufumana idatha yesenzi kunye nokuyicubungula. Umqokeleli wedatha uthumela izicelo kwisenzi ngasinye ngeprotocol ye-SDI-12 aze afumane idatha ebuyisiweyo.
Iyunithi yokugcina idatha: Idatha eqokelelweyo idla ngokugcinwa kwisixhobo sokugcina idatha sendawo, njengekhadi le-SD, okanye ilayishwe kwiseva yelifu ngenethiwekhi engenazingcingo ukuze igcinwe kwaye ihlalutywe ixesha elide.
Imodyuli yokudlulisa idatha: Izitishi ezininzi zemozulu zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngeemodyuli zokudlulisa ezingenazingcingo, ezifana neemodyuli ze-GPRS, i-LoRa okanye i-Wi-Fi, ukuze kube lula ukudlulisela idatha ngexesha langempela kwiqonga lokujonga elikude.
Ulawulo lwamandla: Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kwesikhululo semozulu, izisombululo zamandla avuselelekayo ezifana neeseli zelanga kunye neebhetri ze-lithium zihlala zisetyenziswa.
3. Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwezikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12
Izitishi zemozulu eziphuma kwi-SDI-12 zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi, kuquka:
Ukubeka esweni imozulu kwezolimo: Izikhululo zemozulu zinokubonelela ngedatha yemozulu yexesha langempela yemveliso yezolimo kwaye zincede abalimi ukuba benze izigqibo zesayensi.
Ukubeka iliso kwindalo: Ekubekeni iliso kwindalo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, izikhululo zemozulu zinokunceda ekubekeni iliso kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nomgangatho womoya.
Ukubeka iliso kwi-hydrological: Izikhululo zemozulu ezisebenzisa i-hydrological zinokubeka iliso kwimvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba, zibonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yolawulo lwemithombo yamanzi kunye nokuthintela izikhukula kunye nokunciphisa iintlekele.
Uphando lwemozulu: Amaziko ophando asebenzisa izitishi zemozulu ze-SDI-12 ukuqokelela idatha yemozulu yexesha elide kunye nokwenza uphando lotshintsho lwemozulu.
4. Amatyala okwenyani
Ityala 1: Isikhululo sokujonga imozulu yezolimo eTshayina
Kwindawo yezolimo eTshayina, kwakhiwe inkqubo yokujonga imozulu yezolimo kusetyenziswa iprotocol ye-SDI-12. Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukujonga iimeko zemozulu ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kwesityalo. Isikhululo semozulu sixhotyiswe ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zezinzwa ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, isantya somoya, imvula, njl.njl., eziqhagamshelwe kumqokeleli wedatha ngeprotocol ye-SDI-12.
Isiphumo sokusebenza: Ngexesha elibalulekileyo lokukhula kwesityalo, abalimi banokufumana idatha yemozulu ngexesha langempela baze bankcenkceshele baze bafake isichumiso ngexesha. Le nkqubo iphucule kakhulu isivuno kunye nomgangatho wesityalo, kwaye ingeniso yabalimi inyuke malunga nama-20%. Ngokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lwedatha, abalimi banokucwangcisa ngcono imisebenzi yezolimo kwaye banciphise inkunkuma yezixhobo.
Ityala lesi-2: Iprojekthi yokuJonga ukuSingqongileyo kweMimandla yasezidolophini
Kwisixeko esikwiPhilippines, urhulumente wengingqi uqalise uthotho lwezikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12 ukuze zijongwe okusingqongileyo, ikakhulu ukuze zijongwe umgangatho womoya kunye neemeko zemozulu. Ezi zikhululo zemozulu zinemisebenzi elandelayo:
Izinzwa zijonga iiparameter zokusingqongileyo ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, isantya somoya, i-PM2.5, i-PM10, njl.
Idatha idluliselwa kwiziko lokujonga imeko-bume yesixeko ngexesha langempela kusetyenziswa iprotocol ye-SDI-12.
Isiphumo sesicelo: Ngokuqokelela nokuhlalutya idatha, abaphathi besixeko banokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukujongana neemeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu. Abemi banokufumana ulwazi lwemozulu kunye nomgangatho womoya okufutshane ngexesha langempela ngokusebenzisa izicelo zefowuni eziphathwayo, ukuze balungise izicwangciso zabo zokuhamba ngexesha kwaye bakhusele impilo yabo.
Ityala 3: Inkqubo yokubeka iliso ngamanzi
Kwiprojekthi yokubeka iliso kwi-hydrological kwi-river basin, i-SDI-12 protocol isetyenziselwa ukulawula nokubeka iliso ekuhambeni komlambo, imvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba. Le projekthi imisele izikhululo ezininzi zemozulu ukuze zibekwe iliso ngexesha langempela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa.
Isiphumo sesicelo: Iqela leprojekthi likwazile ukuqikelela iingozi zezikhukula ngokuhlalutya le datha kwaye likhuphe izilumkiso kwangethuba kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Ngokusebenzisana noorhulumente basekuhlaleni, le nkqubo inciphise ngempumelelo ilahleko kwezoqoqosho ezibangelwa zizikhukula kwaye iphucule amandla okulawula imithombo yamanzi.
Isiphelo
Ngokuqhubeka kwenzululwazi netekhnoloji, ukusetyenziswa kweprotocol ye-SDI-12 kwizikhululo zemozulu kuye kwanda kakhulu. Uyilo lwayo olusebenzisa amandla aphantsi, inkxaso ye-multi-sensor kunye neempawu zokudluliselwa kwedatha ezizinzileyo zibonelela ngeengcinga ezintsha kunye nezisombululo zokujonga imozulu. Kwixesha elizayo, izikhululo zemozulu ezisekelwe kwi-SDI-12 ziya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa nokubonelela ngenkxaso echanekileyo nethembekileyo yokujonga imozulu kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-16-2025