Kuphononongo lwemozulu kunye nokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo, kubalulekile ukufumana idatha echanekileyo kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, ngakumbi nangakumbi izikhululo zemozulu zisebenzisa izinzwa zedijithali kunye neeprothokholi zonxibelelwano ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nokuhanjiswa. Phakathi kwabo, i-SDI-12 (i-Serial Data Interface kwi-1200 baud) iprotocol ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yezikhululo zemozulu ngenxa yokulula, ukuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
1. Iimpawu ze-SDI-12 protocol
I-SDI-12 yiprotocol yonxibelelwano lwe-serial ye-low-power sensors, ezifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokubeka iliso lokusingqongileyo. Iprothokholi inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Uyilo lwamandla aphantsi: Iprotocol ye-SDI-12 ivumela iinzwa ukuba zingene kwimodi yokulala xa zingasebenzi, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwaye zifanelekile kwizixhobo ezisebenza ngebhetri.
Inkxaso ye-multi-sensor: Ukuya kwi-62 i-sensor inokudibaniswa kwi-SDI-12 ibhasi, kwaye idatha ye-sensor nganye inokuchongwa ngedilesi ekhethekileyo, eyenza ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo kuguquguquke.
Kulula ukudibanisa: Ukumiswa kweprotocol ye-SDI-12 ivumela abenzi boluvo abavela kubakhiqizi abahlukeneyo ukuba basebenze kwinkqubo efanayo, kwaye ukudibanisa kunye nomqokeleli wedatha kulula.
Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okuzinzileyo: I-SDI-12 idlulisela idatha nge-12-bit digital, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kwedatha.
2. Ukuqulunqwa kwesikhululo semozulu se-SDI-12 semveliso
Isikhululo semozulu esisekwe kwiprothokholi ye-SDI-12 idla ngokuba nezi nxalenye zilandelayo:
I-Sensor: Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesikhululo semozulu, esiqokelela idatha yemeteorological ngokusebenzisa i-sensors ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izinzwa zeqondo lokushisa, i-humidity sensors, isantya somoya kunye ne-directioner sensors, i-precipitation sensors, njl. Zonke izinzwa zixhasa i-SDI-12 protocol.
Umqokeleli wedatha: Unoxanduva lokufumana idatha yoluvo kunye nokuyiqhubekisa. Umqokeleli wedatha uthumela izicelo kwi-sensor nganye ngeprotocol ye-SDI-12 kwaye ufumana idatha ebuyisiweyo.
Iyunithi yokugcina idatha: Idatha eqokelelweyo idla ngokugcinwa kwisixhobo sokugcinwa kwendawo, njengekhadi le-SD, okanye ilayishwe kwi-server yefu ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi engenazintambo yokugcina ixesha elide kunye nohlalutyo.
Imodyuli yokudluliselwa kwedatha: Izikhululo ezininzi zemozulu zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngeemodyuli zothumelo ezingenazintambo, ezifana ne-GPRS, i-LoRa okanye iimodyuli ze-Wi-Fi, ukuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngexesha langempela kwiqonga lokujonga elikude.
Ulawulo lwamandla: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwexesha elide kwisikhululo semozulu, izisombululo zamandla avuselelekayo ezifana neeseli zelanga kunye neebhetri ze-lithium zihlala zisetyenziswa.
3. Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwezikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12
Izikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12 zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi, kuquka:
Ukujongwa kwemozulu yezolimo: Izikhululo zemozulu zinokubonelela ngedatha yemozulu ngexesha lokwenyani kwimveliso yezolimo kwaye zincede amafama enze izigqibo zenzululwazi.
Ukubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo: Kuhlolo lwendalo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, izikhululo zemozulu zinokunceda ukubeka iliso kwinguqu yemozulu kunye nomgangatho womoya.
Ukujongwa kwe-Hydrological: Izikhululo zemozulu ze-Hydrological ziyakwazi ukubeka iliso kwimvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yolawulo lobutyebi bamanzi kunye nokuthintela izikhukhula kunye nokunciphisa iintlekele.
Uphando lwemozulu: Amaziko ophando asebenzisa izikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12 ukuqokelela idatha yemozulu yexesha elide kunye nokwenza uphando lokutshintsha kwemozulu.
4. Amatyala okwenene
Ityala loku-1: Isikhululo sokujonga imeko yezolimo eTshayina
Kwindawo yezolimo e-China, inkqubo yokuhlola imozulu yezolimo yakhiwe kusetyenziswa iprotocol ye-SDI-12. Inkqubo isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukujonga iimeko zemozulu ezifunekayo ekukhuleni kwesityalo. Isikhululo semozulu sixhotyiswe ngeendidi zeenzwa ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, isantya somoya, imvula, njl., ezidityaniswe nomqokeleli wedatha ngeprotocol ye-SDI-12.
Isiphumo sesicelo: Ngexesha elibalulekileyo lokukhula kwesityalo, amafama anokufumana idatha yemozulu ngexesha lokwenyani kunye namanzi kwaye achumise ngexesha. Le nkqubo iphucule kakhulu izivuno kunye nomgangatho wezityalo, kwaye umvuzo wamafama unyuke malunga ne-20%. Ngokuhlalutywa kwedatha, amafama anakho ukucwangcisa ngcono imisebenzi yezolimo kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yemithombo.
Ityala lesi-2: Iprojekthi yokuJonga iNdawo yeDolophu
Kwisixeko sakwiiPhilippines, urhulumente wasekhaya wasebenzisa uthotho lwezikhululo zemozulu ze-SDI-12 zokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo, ikakhulu ukujonga umgangatho womoya kunye neemeko zemozulu. Ezi zikhululo zemozulu zinemisebenzi elandelayo:
Izinzwa zijonga iiparamitha zokusingqongileyo ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, isantya somoya, i-PM2.5, i-PM10, njl.
Idatha igqithiselwa kwiziko lokujonga indawo yesixeko ngexesha langempela kusetyenziswa iprotocol yeSDI-12.
Isiphumo sokwenziwa kwesicelo: Ngokuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya idatha, abaphathi besixeko banokuthatha amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukujongana neziganeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo ezifana nenkungu kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Abemi banokufumana ulwazi olukufutshane lwemozulu kunye nomgangatho womoya ngexesha lokwenyani ngokusebenzisa izicelo zefowuni ephathwayo, ukuze bahlengahlengise izicwangciso zabo zokuhamba ngexesha kwaye bakhusele impilo yabo.
Ityala le-3: Inkqubo yokuJonga i-Hydrological
Kwiprojekthi yokubeka iliso kumanzi omlambo, i-SDI-12 protocol isetyenziselwa ukulawula nokubeka esweni ukuhamba komlambo, imvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba. Iprojekthi iseke izikhululo zemozulu ezininzi zokuhlola ixesha lokwenyani kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa.
Isiphumo sesicelo: Iqela leprojekthi likwazile ukuqikelela umngcipheko wezikhukula ngokuhlalutya ezi datha kwaye likhuphe izilumkiso kwangethuba kuluntu olukufutshane. Ngokusebenzisana noorhulumente basekhaya, le nkqubo yanciphisa ngempumelelo ilahleko yezoqoqosho ebangelwa zizikhukula kwaye yaphucula amandla okulawula ubutyebi bamanzi.
Ukuqukumbela
Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa kweprotocol ye-SDI-12 kwizikhululo zemozulu iye yaxhaphaka ngakumbi. Uyilo lwalo lwamandla aphantsi, inkxaso yeenzwa ezininzi kunye neempawu ezizinzile zokuhanjiswa kwedatha zibonelela ngeembono ezintsha kunye nezisombululo zokubeka iliso kwimozulu. Kwixesha elizayo, izikhululo zemozulu ezisekelwe kwi-SDI-12 ziza kuqhubeka ziphuhlisa kwaye zibonelele ngenkxaso echanekileyo nethembekileyo yokubeka iliso kwimozulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-16-2025