Kwindlela yokucoca amanzi amdaka, ukujonga imithwalo yendalo, ngakumbi iTotal Organic Carbon (TOC), kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekugcineni imisebenzi esebenzayo nephumelelayo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kumashishini anemithombo yenkunkuma eguquguqukayo kakhulu, njengecandelo lokutya neziselo (F&B).
Kolu dliwanondlebe, uJens Neubauer kunye noChristian Kuijlaars abavela kwiVeolia Water Technologies & Solutions bathetha ne-AZoMaterials malunga nokubaluleka kokubeka esweni i-TOC kunye nendlela ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-TOC okutshintsha ngayo iinkqubo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka.
Kutheni ukujonga imithwalo yendalo, ingakumbi iTotal Organic Carbon (TOC), kubalulekile ekunyangweni kwamanzi amdaka?
UJens: Kwinkoliso yamanzi amdaka, uninzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo zizinto eziphilayo, kwaye oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwicandelo le-F&B. Ke ngoko, umsebenzi ophambili wesityalo sokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kukuqhekeza ezi zinto eziphilayo nokuzisusa emanzini amdaka. Ukuqina kwenkqubo kukwenza unyango lwamanzi amdaka lukhawuleze kwaye lusebenze ngakumbi. Oku kufuna ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kokwakheka kwamanzi amdaka ukuze kujongwane ngokukhawuleza naluphi na utshintsho, ukuqinisekisa ukucoca okusebenzayo nangona ixesha lonyango lifutshane.
Iindlela zemveli zokulinganisa inkunkuma yendalo emanzini, njengemfuno ye-oxygen yamakhemikhali (i-COD) kunye novavanyo lwe-oxygen demand yamakhemikhali (i-BOD), zicotha kakhulu - zithatha iiyure ukuya kwiintsuku - okwenza zingafaneleki kwiinkqubo zonyango zanamhlanje nezikhawulezayo. I-COD ikwafuna ii-reagents ezinobuthi, nto leyo engafunekiyo. Ngokuthelekisa, ukujonga umthwalo wendalo kusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lwe-TOC kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela kwaye akubandakanyi ii-reagents ezinobuthi. Ifanelekile kuhlalutyo lwenkqubo kwaye ikwabonelela ngeziphumo ezichanekileyo ngakumbi. Olu tshintsho oluya kumlinganiselo we-TOC lukwabonakala kwimigangatho yamva nje ye-EU malunga nolawulo lokukhupha, apho umlinganiselo we-TOC uyindlela ekhethwayo. I-Commission Implementing Decision (i-EU) 2016/902 imisele izigqibo ezilungileyo kakhulu (i-BAT) phantsi koMyalelo 2010/75/EU kwiinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zonyango/ulawulo lwamanzi amdaka kwicandelo leekhemikhali. Izigqibo ezilandelayo ze-BAT zinokubhekiswa kulo mba.
Idlala yiphi indima edlalwa kukubeka iliso kwi-TOC ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka?
UJens: Ukubeka esweni i-TOC kunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokufakwa kwekhabhoni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo.
Ukubeka iliso kwi-TOC ngaphambi kokuba unyango lwebhayoloji luyivumela ukuba ibone ukuphazamiseka komthwalo wekhabhoni kwaye iyithumele kwiitanki ze-buffer njengoko kufuneka. Oku kungathintela ukugqithisa i-biology kwaye kuyibuyisele kwinkqubo kamva, okuvumela ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuzinzileyo kwesityalo. Ukulinganisa i-TOC ngaphambi nasemva kwenyathelo lokuzinza kukwavumela abaqhubi ukuba balawule idosi ye-coagulant ngokuphucula ukongezwa kwekhabhoni ukuze bangalambi okanye bondle kakhulu iibhaktheriya kwiitanki zomoya kunye/okanye ngexesha lezigaba ze-anoxic.
Ukubeka iliso kwi-TOC kubonelela ngolwazi malunga namanqanaba ekhabhoni kwindawo yokukhupha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokususa. Ukubeka iliso kwi-TOC emva kokutsalwa kwetyuwa okwesibini kubonelela ngokulinganisa i-khabhoni ngexesha langempela kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye kungqina ukuba imida iyafezekiswa. Ngaphezu koko, ukubeka iliso kwi-organics kubonelela ngolwazi malunga namanqanaba ekhabhoni ukuze kuphuculwe unyango lwesithathu ukuze kusetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye kunokunceda ukuphucula umlinganiselo weekhemikhali, unyango lwangaphambi kolwelwesi, kunye nomlinganiselo we-ozone kunye ne-UV.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-17-2024