Ngenxa yokwanda kokunqongophala kwamanzi kunye nokukhathazeka okukhulayo malunga nongcoliseko lwamanzi, iteknoloji yokujonga umgangatho wamanzi iye yaba sisixhobo esiphambili ekukhuseleni okusingqongileyo. Phakathi kwezi teknoloji, i-sensor ye-nitrite—isixhobo sokuchonga esichanekileyo kakhulu, esisebenza ngexesha langempela—idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi. I-Nitrite (NO₂⁻) sisingcolisi esiqhelekileyo kwiindawo zamanzi, ngokuyintloko esivela kumanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso, amanzi aphuma kwezolimo, kunye nelindle lasekhaya. Amanqanaba agqithisileyo anokubangela i-eutrophication kwaye ade abe yingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Eli nqaku liphonononga iimeko zokusetyenziswa kunye nemiphumo esebenzayo yale sensor ngokunzulu.
1. Unyango lwamanzi amdaka kaMasipala: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho
Kwiindawo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka zikamasipala, izinzwa ze-nitrite zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukujonga inkqubo. Ngokulinganisa uxinano lwe-nitrite kwiitanki zomoya kunye neeyunithi zempendulo ye-anaerobic/aerobic ngexesha langempela, abaqhubi banokulawula ngokuchanekileyo amazinga omoya kunye nedosi yomthombo wekhabhoni ukuze kuphuculwe inkqubo ye-denitrification. Umzekelo, kwiinkqubo ze-nitrification-denitrification, ukwakheka kwe-nitrite kunokuthintela umsebenzi weentsholongwane, kwaye izinzwa zibonelela ngezilumkiso zakuqala ukuthintela ukusilela kwenkqubo.
Iziphumo:
- Iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-denitrification, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali.
- Uqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba e-nitrite amdaka ayahambelana nemigangatho yokukhupha yesizwe (umz., GB 18918-2002).
- Inciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nokuvavanya iisampuli ngesandla kunye nohlalutyo lwelebhu, nto leyo evumela ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa ngobuchule.
2. Ukufuywa kwezilwanyana zasemanzini: Ukuthintela izifo nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko
Kumachibi okufuya iintlanzi, i-nitrite yimveliso ephakathi ekuguqulweni kwe-ammonia nitrogen. Ubuninzi beentlanzi bunokubangela ukuba iintlanzi zibe nengxaki yokunqongophala kweoksijini, ukuncipha kokuzikhusela komzimba, kwanokufa kwabantu abaninzi. Izinzwa ze-nitrite zinokudityaniswa kwiinkqubo zokujonga umgangatho wamanzi ezisekelwe kwi-IoT ukuze zilandelele rhoqo iimeko zamanzi kwaye zithumele izilumkiso ngezixhobo eziphathwayo.
Iziphumo:
- Ibonelela ngezilumkiso zangoku zamanqanaba e-nitrite agqithisileyo, ivumela abalimi ukuba bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo njengokutshintsha kwamanzi okanye umoya.
- Inciphisa umngcipheko wezifo zeentlanzi, iphucula amazinga okusinda kunye nesivuno.
- Ikhuthaza ukufuywa kwezilwanyana zasemanzini ngokuchanekileyo, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kwaye iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso yasemanzini.
3. Ukubeka esweni imithombo yamanzi okusela: Ukukhusela imithombo kunye nempilo yoluntu
Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba e-nitrite kwimithombo yamanzi okusela (umz., amachibi, imilambo) yindlela ebalulekileyo yokukhusela impilo yoluntu. Iisensa zinokudityaniswa kwizikhululo zokubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze zenze uhlolo lwemithombo yamanzi iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki. Ukuba kufunyenwe ubuninzi obungaqhelekanga (umz., ngenxa yongcoliseko lwezolimo okanye iingozi zemizi-mveliso), inkqubo iqalisa ngokukhawuleza impendulo engxamisekileyo.
Iziphumo:
- Ivumela ukubonwa kwangethuba kweziganeko zongcoliseko, ithintela amanzi angcolileyo ukuba angangeni kwinethiwekhi yokubonelela ngamanzi.
- Ixhasa amagunya amanzi ekwenzeni izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo nasekuqaliseni amanyathelo okucoca amanzi.
- Ihambelana "neMigangatho yoMgangatho waManzi okuSela" (GB 5749-2022), nto leyo ephucula ukuthembana koluntu.
4. Ukubeka iliso kuManzi amdaka kwiMizi-mveliso: Ulawulo oluchanekileyo loNgcoliseko kunye neMveliso eLuhlaza
Amanzi amdaka avela kumashishini afana nokufaka i-electroplating, ukuprinta, ukudaya, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya adla ngokuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-nitrite. Iisensa zingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ngexesha langempela kwiindawo zokukhupha amanzi amdaka kwishishini okanye ngaphakathi kweendawo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka epaki yemizi-mveliso, kunye nedatha edityaniswe namaqonga ee-arhente zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Iziphumo:
- Inceda amashishini ukuba afikelele kulawulo olucokisekileyo lweenkqubo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka, ephepha ukukhutshwa kwamanzi angathotyelwanga.
- Ixhasa ukuthotyelwa komthetho wokusingqongileyo ngokubonelela ngobungqina bedatha obungaphazanyiswayo ngokuchasene nokukhutshwa kwezinto ngokungekho mthethweni.
- Ikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, inegalelo kwiinjongo zokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni.
5. Uphando lwezeNzululwazi kunye nokuBeka esweni iNdalo: Ukutyhila iiPateni kunye nokukhusela iNdalo
Kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka kwindalo ezifana namachibi kunye nemilambo, abaphandi basebenzisa izinzwa ze-nitrite ukulandelela iinkqubo zokujikeleza kwe-nitrogen kunye nokuhlalutya izizathu ze-eutrophication. Idatha yokubeka esweni ixesha elide ikwanceda ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweeprojekthi zendalo ezifana nokubuyiselwa kwemida yamanzi kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamahlathi.
Iziphumo:
- Igxininisa ulwazi lwesayensi malunga neendlela zokujikeleza i-nitrogen emanzini.
- Inika inkxaso yedatha yolawulo lwendalo, iphucula amaqhinga okukhusela indalo.
- Iphucula amandla okuqikelela malunga notshintsho lomgangatho wamanzi kwimeko yotshintsho lwemozulu.
Isiphelo: Ubuchwephesha obunika amandla ikamva loLawulo lweNdalo yaManzi
Ngezibonelelo ezinje ngokuba novakalelo oluphezulu, impendulo ekhawulezileyo, kunye nokuzisebenzela ngokuzenzekelayo, izinzwa ze-nitrite ziba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekulawuleni okusingqongileyo kwamanzi. Ukusuka kwizixeko ukuya kwiindawo zasemaphandleni, ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kubomi bemihla ngemihla, zikhusela ngokuthula ukhuseleko lwethontsi ngalinye lamanzi. Njengoko iteknoloji yezinzwa idityaniswa ngakumbi nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nedatha enkulu, ikamva lithembisa uthungelwano lwesilumkiso somgangatho wamanzi olukrelekrele nolusebenzayo ngakumbi, luqhuba umfutho wetekhnoloji kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Singabonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo
1. Imitha ephathwayo yomgangatho wamanzi weparameter ezininzi
2. Inkqubo ye-Floating Buoy yomgangatho wamanzi we-multi-parameter
3. Ibrashi yokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo yesixhobo sokuvavanya amanzi esineeparameter ezininzi
4. Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli engenazingcingo yesoftware, ixhasa i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesensa yamanzi,
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-22-2025