I-New York State Mesonet, inethiwekhi yokujonga imozulu kulo lonke ilizwe eqhutywa yiYunivesithi yaseAlbany, ibamba umsitho wokusikwa kweribhoni yesikhululo sayo esitsha semozulu e-Uihlein Farm eLake Placid.
Malunga neekhilomitha ezimbini kumzantsi weLake Placid Village. Le fama ingamahektare angama-454 iquka isikhululo semozulu esinenqaba engama-30 eemitha eyayisetyenziswa ngabaphandi beYunivesithi yaseCornell kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-50. Eso sikhululo ngoku sihlaziyiwe saza saguqulwa saba yindawo yenethiwekhi ye-127 esemgangathweni yeMesonet.
Inethiwekhi yeMesonet yagqitywa ngo-Epreli 2018, i-UAlbany ikhokela uyilo, ukufakelwa kunye nokusebenza. Isikhululo ngasinye semozulu esiqhelekileyo esikhoyo esiyi-126, esibekwe umgama omalunga neekhilomitha ezili-17 ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe, sixhotyiswe ngee-sensors ezizenzekelayo ezilinganisa ubushushu, ukufuma, isantya somoya kunye necala, uxinzelelo, imvula, imitha yelanga, ubunzulu bekhephu kunye nolwazi lomhlaba kunye nekhamera ethatha imifanekiso yeemeko zangoku.
Idatha yeMesonet iqokelelwa ngexesha langempela rhoqo ngemizuzu emihlanu, yondla iimodeli zokuqikelela imozulu kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa izigqibo kubasebenzisi kulo lonke elaseNew York. Le datha iyafumaneka ukuze ibonwe luluntu.
Umbhiyozo wokusikwa kweribhoni uza kuqhubeka ukususela ngentsimbi ye-11 kusasa ukuya kweyoku-1 emva kwemini ngoLwesithathu, umhla wesi-5 kweyeSilimela e-Uihlein Farm, 281 Bear Cub Lane eLake Placid (landela imiqondiso ukuya kwindawo yaseMesonet ukusuka eBear Cub Lane).
I-Daily yayililungu lokuqala ukufaka isikhululo semozulu. Kamva wongeza isikhululo sesibini semozulu esimalunga neekhilomitha ezi-5 ukusuka apho ukuze anike ulwazi oluthe kratya ngentsimi yakhe ekufutshane.
Le nethwekhi yesitishi semozulu, enye yezona zixineneyo emhlabeni, yintlangano engenzi nzuzo ejolise ekwandiseni ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-intanethi kwezolimo nakwimveliso. Igubungela izithili ezili-10 zovavanyo: iPulaski, iWhite, iCass, iBenton, iCarroll, iTippecanoe, iWarren, iFountain, iMontgomery kunye neClinton.
“Kukho izitishi ezimbalwa zemozulu esizibukelayo kulo mmandla, ngaphakathi kwerediyasi yeemayile ezingama-20,” yongeza iDaily. “Ukuze sibone inani lemvula, kunye nokuba iphi na imifuziselo yemvula.”
Iimeko zemozulu zesikhululo semozulu ngexesha langempela zinokubelwana ngazo ngokulula nabo bonke ababandakanyekayo kumsebenzi wasentsimini. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukujonga isantya somoya kunye necala xa kutshizwa kwaye kugcinwa umkhondo womswakama womhlaba kunye nobushushu kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka.
Uluhlu lwedatha
isantya somoya, icala kunye neemvuthuvuthu
imvula
imitha yelanga
ubushushu
ukufuma
isalathisi sobushushu
umoya obandayo
Indawo yombethe
iimeko ze-barometric
ubushushu bomhlaba
amanqanaba okufuma kwi-2, 5, 10 kunye ne-15 intshi phantsi komphezulu
Ekubeni i-Wi-Fi ingafumaneki kwiindawo ezininzi zangaphandle, izitishi zemozulu zilayisha idatha ngokusebenzisa uqhagamshelo lweselula lwe-4G. Nangona kunjalo, ubuchwepheshe beLoRaWAN buqala ukuqhagamshela izitishi kwi-intanethi. Ubuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano beLoRaWAN busebenza ngexabiso eliphantsi kuneselula. Bufanelekile kakhulu ekudlulisweni kwedatha ngesantya esiphantsi, ngamandla aphantsi, ngokutsho kukaJack Stucky, igosa eliyintloko lobuchwepheshe beWHIN.
Idatha yesitishi semozulu ifumaneka kwiwebhusayithi, inceda kungekuphela nje abalimi, kodwa nootitshala, abafundi kunye namalungu oluntu ukuba baqonde ngcono impembelelo yemozulu.
Kwabo bangaphandle kwendawo ye-WHIN, kukho ezinye iinethiwekhi zezikhululo zemozulu, ezifana ne-Indiana Automated Surface Observations System Network.
ULarry Rose, umcebisi wangoku kunye nomlawuli oyintloko wangaphambili kwi-Tree Lafayette engenzi nzuzo, uthi iinethiwekhi zezikhululo zemozulu zinceda ekuboneleleni ukufuma komhlaba kubunzulu obahlukeneyo kunye nokulungisa iishedyuli zokunkcenkceshela ngokuzithandela kwimithi esandul’ ukutyalwa kuluntu.
“Apho kukho imithi, kukho imvula,” utshilo uRose, echaza ukuba ukuphefumla okuvela kwimithi kunceda ekudaleni umjikelo wemvula. UMthi iLafayette usandula ukutyala imithi engaphezu kwama-4,500 kwindawo yaseLafayette, eInd. URose usebenzise izitishi zemozulu ezintandathu, kunye nolunye ulwazi lwemozulu oluvela kwizitishi ezikuyo yonke iTippecanoe County, ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithi esandul’ ukutyalwa ifumana amanzi aneleyo.
Ukuvavanya ixabiso ledatha
Ingcali yemozulu eqatha uRobin Tanamachi nguprofesa oncedisayo kwiSebe leMhlaba, iSayensi yeMkhathi kunye neePlanethi ePurdue. Usebenzisa izitishi kwizifundo ezimbini: Ukujonga kunye nokuMeasurement kweMkhathi, kunye neRadar Meteorology.
Abafundi bakhe bavavanya rhoqo umgangatho wedatha yesitishi semozulu, beyithelekisa nezikhululo zemozulu zesayensi ezibiza kakhulu nezihlala zilungiswa, njengezo zikwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya seYunivesithi yasePurdue nakwiPurdue Mesonet.
“Kangangemizuzu eli-15, imvula yayinciphile malunga neshumi leemilimitha — nto leyo engavakali ngathi ininzi, kodwa ekuhambeni konyaka, oko kunokongeza kube yinto eninzi,” utshilo uTanamachi. “Ezinye iintsuku zazimbi; ezinye iintsuku zazingcono.”
UTanamachi udibanise idatha yesitishi semozulu kunye nedatha eveliswe kwiradar yakhe engama-50-kilometer ekwikhampasi yasePurdue eWest Lafayette ukunceda ukuqonda ngcono iipateni zemvula. “Ukuba nenethiwekhi eninzi kakhulu yeegeyiji zemvula kunye nokukwazi ukuqinisekisa uqikelelo olusekelwe kwiradar kubalulekile,” utshilo.
Iindlela zokufaka isikhululo semozulu
Unomdla wokufaka isikhululo sakho semozulu? I-National Weather Service inika isikhokelo kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhetha indawo. Indawo inokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wedatha yemozulu.
Ukuba kuqukwe umlinganiselo womswakama womhlaba okanye ubushushu bomhlaba, indawo ebonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu ezifana nokuphuma kwamanzi, ukuphakama kunye nokwakheka komhlaba ibalulekile. Isikhululo semozulu esikwindawo ethe tyaba, ethe tyaba, kude neendawo ezigangathiweyo, sibonelela ngokufundwa okuchanekileyo.
Kwakhona, fumana izikhululo apho kungenakwenzeka ukuba kubekho ukungqubana noomatshini basefama. Hlala kude nezakhiwo ezinkulu kunye nemigca yemithi ukuze ubone ukufundwa okuchanekileyo komoya kunye nemitha yelanga.
Amaxabiso oqhagamshelo lwesitishi semozulu adla ngokwahluka ngokwendlela idatha ehamba ngayo kwinethiwekhi yeselula. Malunga ne-$100 ukuya kwi-$300 ngonyaka kufuneka kucwangciswe uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Ezinye izinto eziqwalaselwayo ngeendleko ziquka umgangatho kunye nohlobo lwezixhobo zemozulu, kunye neendleko zokuhlola rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa.
Uninzi lwezikhululo zemozulu zinokufakwa kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Idatha eveliswe ubomi bayo bonke iya kunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo ngexesha langempela nangexesha elide.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-15-2024