U-Shuohao Cai, umfundi ogqirha kwisayensi yomhlaba, ubeka intonga yenzwa kunye nesticker ye-sensor ye-multifunction evumela imilinganiselo kubunzulu obuhlukeneyo emhlabeni kwiYunivesithi yaseWisconsin-Madison Hancock Agricultural Research Station.
I-MADISON - Iinjineli zeYunivesithi yaseWisconsin-Madison ziye zavelisa i-sensors zexabiso eliphantsi ezinokubonelela ngokuqhubekayo, ukujonga ixesha langempela le-nitrate kwiintlobo zomhlaba eziqhelekileyo zaseWisconsin. Ezi zinzwa ziprintiweyo ze-electrochemical zinokunceda amafama enze izigqibo zolawulo lwezondlo ezinolwazi kwaye aqonde iinzuzo zoqoqosho.
"Iinzwa zethu zinokunika abalimi ukuqonda okungcono kwimeko yesondlo somhlaba wabo kunye nesixa se-nitrate esifumanekayo kwizityalo zabo, sibancede bagqibe ngokuchanekileyo ukuba bangakanani isichumisi abayifunayo ngokwenene," kusho uJoseph Andrews, uprofesa oncedisayo kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard. Uphononongo lukhokelwa siSikolo soBunjineli boMatshini kwiYunivesithi yaseWisconsin-Madison. "Ukuba banokunciphisa inani lesichumisi abasithengayo, ukonga iindleko kunokubaluleka kwiifama ezinkulu."
I-Nitrates sisondlo esibalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwesityalo, kodwa i-nitrate engaphezulu inokuphuma emhlabeni kwaye ingene kumanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Olu hlobo longcoliseko luyingozi kubantu abasela amanzi angcolileyo kwaye luyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Isivamvo esitsha sabaphandi sinokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sophando lwezolimo ukubeka iliso kwi-nitrate leaching kunye nokunceda ukuphuhlisa ezona ndlela zilungileyo zokunciphisa iziphumo ezinobungozi.
Iindlela zangoku zokubeka iliso kwi-nitrate yomhlaba zisebenza kakhulu, ziyabiza, kwaye aziboneleli ngedatha yexesha langempela. Yiyo loo nto ingcaphephe kwezobuchwephesha eziprintiweyo uAndrews kunye neqela lakhe bazimisele ukwenza isisombululo esingcono, esingabizi kakhulu.
Kule projekthi, abaphandi basebenzisa inkqubo yokuprinta inkjet ukwenza i-potentiometric sensor, uhlobo lwe-fin-film electrochemical sensor. Iinzwa zePotentiometric zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo i-nitrate kwizisombululo zolwelo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zivamvo azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zomhlaba kuba amasuntswana amakhulu omhlaba anokukrwela izinzwa kwaye athintele imilinganiselo echanekileyo.
"Umngeni oyintloko esasizama ukuwucombulula yayikukufumana indlela yokufumana ezi zixhobo ze-electrochemical sensors ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezinzima zomhlaba kwaye zibone ngokuchanekileyo i-nitrate ions," kusho u-Andrews.
Isisombululo seqela yayikukubeka umaleko we-polyvinylidene fluoride kwi-sensor. Ngokutsho kuka-Andrews, le nto ineempawu ezimbini eziphambili. Okokuqala, inemingxuma emincinane kakhulu, emalunga neenanometer ezingama-400 ngobukhulu, evumela ii-ion zenitrate ukuba zidlule ngoxa ivalela amasuntswana omhlaba. Okwesibini, i-hydrophilic, oko kukuthi, itsala amanzi kwaye ifunxe njengesiponji.
"Ngoko nawaphi na amanzi atyebileyo e-nitrate aya kungena ngokukhethekileyo kwi-sensors yethu, ebaluleke kakhulu kuba umhlaba ufana nesiponji kwaye uya kuphulukana nedabi malunga nokufuma ukungena kwi-sensor ukuba awukwazi ukufumana ukufunxa kwamanzi afanayo. Umhlaba onokwenzeka, "utshilo u-Andrews. "Ezi mpawu zomaleko we-polyvinylidene fluoride zisivumela ukuba sikhuphe amanzi atyebileyo e-nitrate, siwazise kumphezulu woluvo kwaye sibone ngokuchanekileyo i-nitrate."
Abaphandi bachaza inkqubela yabo kwiphepha elipapashwe ngo-Matshi 2024 kwijenali ye-Advanced Materials Technology.
Iqela livavanye inzwa yabo kwiintlobo ezimbini zomhlaba ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene ne-Wisconsin-ihlabathi elinesanti, eliqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezisenyakatho-zimbindi zelizwe, kunye ne-silty loams, eziqhelekileyo kumzantsi-ntshona weWisconsin-kwaye zafumanisa ukuba izinzwa zivelise iziphumo ezichanekileyo.
Abaphandi ngoku badibanisa inzwa yabo ye-nitrate kwi-multifunctional sensor system abayibiza ngokuthi "i-sensor sticker," apho iintlobo ezintathu ze-sensor zifakwe kwindawo yeplastiki eguquguqukayo usebenzisa i-adhesive backing. Izincamathelisi zikwanazo nezinzwa zokufuma kunye nobushushu.
Abaphandi baya kuncamathelisa izincamathelisi ezininzi zeemvakalelo kwisithuba, bazibeke kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, emva koko bawugqume umhlaba. Olu lungiselelo lwabavumela ukuba bathathe imilinganiselo kubunzulu bomhlaba obahlukeneyo.
"Ngokulinganisa i-nitrate, umswakama kunye nobushushu obunzulu obuhlukeneyo, ngoku sinokubala inkqubo ye-nitrate leaching kwaye siqonde indlela i-nitrate ehamba ngayo emhlabeni, eyayingenakwenzeka ngaphambili," kusho u-Andrews.
Ehlotyeni le-2024, abaphandi baceba ukubeka iintonga ze-sensor ze-30 emhlabeni kwi-Hancock Agricultural Research Station kunye ne-Arlington Agricultural Research Station kwiYunivesithi yaseWisconsin-Madison ukuvavanya ngakumbi inzwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-09-2024