Iindaba - Izinto Ezintsha Zamva Nje Nophuhliso Kwizinzwa Zokujika Kwamanzi

Intshayelelo

Ukubeka iliso kumgangatho wamanzi kubalulekile ekukhuselekeni kokusingqongileyo, kwimpilo yoluntu, nakulawulo lwezixhobo. Enye yeendlela eziphambili zokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi kukungcoliswa kwamanzi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kukho amasuntswana axhonyiweyo emanzini anokuchaphazela iinkqubo zendalo kunye nokhuseleko lwamanzi okusela. Uphuhliso lwakutshanje kwitekhnoloji yezivamvo zokungcoliswa kwamanzi lwenza kube lula kwaye kusebenze ngakumbi ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi ngexesha langempela. Eli nqaku lihlola izinto ezintsha zamva nje, iindlela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezivamvo zokungcoliswa kwamanzi.

Ukuqonda Ukuxinana Kwamanzi

Ukudumba kukulinganisa ubumanzi okanye ukufiphala kolwelo, okunokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neenkunkuma, ulwelwe, iintsholongwane, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Amanqanaba aphezulu okudumba anokubonisa umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi, ochaphazela ubomi basemanzini kwaye abeke umngcipheko kwimpilo yabantu. Iindlela zemveli zokulinganisa ukudumba zihlala zibandakanya uvavanyo lwelabhoratri, olunokuthatha ixesha kwaye lungasebenzi kakuhle ekujongeni ngexesha langempela.

Izinto ezintsha zamva nje kwiTekhnoloji yeSensor yeTurbidity

1.IiNethiwekhi zeSensor ezikrelekrele

Uphuhliso lwakutshanje kwiinethiwekhi zezinzwa luphucula amandla okubeka esweni izinzwa zokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Izinzwa zokungcoliswa kwamanzi ezikrelekrele ngoku zinokuqhagamshela kwi-Intanethi yezinto (i-IoT), okuvumela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngexesha langempela kunye nokubeka esweni kude. Olu qhagamshelo lwenza ukuba idatha yomgangatho wamanzi ifikeleleke naphi na, nto leyo eququzelela amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiziganeko zongcoliseko kunye nokukwazi ukulandelela utshintsho kumgangatho wamanzi ngokuhamba kwexesha.

2.Ukuphucula Uvakalelo kunye nokuchaneka

Izinzwa ezisemgangathweni ziya zisiba novelwano ngakumbi kumanqanaba aphantsi okudumba kwamanzi, nto leyo ebenza bakwazi ukubona utshintsho kumgangatho wamanzi olusenokuba belungabonwanga ngaphambili. Iindlela zobuchwephesha eziphucukileyo, ezifana ne-laser diffraction kunye ne-nephelometry, ziphucula ukuchaneka kwaye zibonelela ngeziphumo ezithembekileyo ngakumbi nakwiimeko ezinzima. Ezi zinto zintsha zibaluleke kakhulu kumashishini afuna ukubekwa esweni okungqongqo komgangatho wamanzi, njengeenkqubo zamanzi okusela zikamasipala kunye nokufuywa kwamanzi.

3.Izisombululo Ezisebenza Ngexabiso Eliphantsi

Ixabiso lezixhobo zokuhlola amanzi linciphile kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifikeleleke lula kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo. Izixhobo zokuhlola ezingabizi kakhulu ngoku zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwimisebenzi yemizi-mveliso ukuya kwiindawo zezolimo ezincinci kwanakwimizi ngemizi. Oku kulawulwa kweteknoloji kwenza ukuba abantu abaninzi abachaphazelekayo bakwazi ukujonga imithombo yamanzi ngokufanelekileyo.

4.Ukuhlanganiswa nezinye iiSensors zeNdalo

Izinzwa zanamhlanje zokuxinana kwamanzi zinokudityaniswa nezinye iintlobo zezinzwa zokusingqongileyo, ezifana nobushushu, i-pH, kunye nezinzwa zeoksijini ezinyibilikisiweyo, nto leyo edala iinkqubo zokujonga umgangatho wamanzi ezibanzi. Le ndlela yeeparameter ezininzi ivumela ukuqonda okupheleleyo ngakumbi ngeemeko zamanzi kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi olungcono malunga nolawulo lwezixhobo kunye nolawulo longcoliseko.

5.Ukuqhubela phambili kwi-Data Analytics

Iisensa zamva nje ze-turbidity zihlala zixhotyiswe ngezakhono zohlalutyo lwedatha ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babone iimfashini, benze izilumkiso, kwaye bavelise iingxelo ezisekelwe kwidatha yexesha langempela. Ii-algorithms zokufunda koomatshini zinokuhlalutya iiseti zedatha ezinkulu ukuze zichonge iipateni okanye ziqikelele amanqanaba e-turbidity yexesha elizayo, zincede abaphathi bamanzi baphendule ngokukhawuleza kwimiba enokubakho yomgangatho wamanzi.

Izicelo zamva nje kunye nokuthunyelwa kwentsimi

1.Ukubeka iliso kwiNdalo

Iiarhente zikarhulumente kunye nemibutho yokusingqongileyo ziya ngokubeka izixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi eziphucukileyo emilanjeni, emachibini, nakwiindawo zokungena kwamanzi ukuze zijonge umgangatho wamanzi kwaye zibone iziganeko zongcoliseko. Umzekelo, i-United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) iqalile ukusebenzisa iinethiwekhi zezixhobo zokuvavanya amanzi ukuze ivavanye ngcono impilo yeendawo zamanzi zasekuhlaleni kwaye iphendule ngokukhawuleza kwizisongelo zongcoliseko.

2.Ulawulo lwaManzi eZolimo

Abalimi kunye nabaphathi bezolimo basebenzisa izixhobo zokuva amanzi ukuze baphucule iindlela zokunkcenkceshela kwaye bajonge umgangatho wamanzi aphumayo. Ngokuhlalutya umgangatho wamanzi ngexesha langempela, banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokuba bankcenkceshele nini kwaye balawule njani izichumisi kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane ukunciphisa impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.

3.Ukulima iintlanzi zasemanzini

Ishishini lezolimo zasemanzini lixhomekeke ekugcineni umgangatho wamanzi ofanelekileyo kwimpilo yeentlanzi. Izinzwa zokuguquka kwamanzi zibalulekile ekujongeni ukucaca kwamanzi nokuthintela iimeko ezinokubangela ukuqhambuka kwezifo okanye uxinzelelo lweentlanzi. Utshintsho kwitekhnoloji yezinzwa luvumela iifama zezolimo zasemanzini ukuba zilawule ngcono iindawo ezihlala kuzo.

4.Unyango lwamanzi okusela

Izibonelelo zonyango lwamanzi zikamasipala zifaka izixhobo zokuhlola amanzi eziphucukileyo kwimisebenzi yazo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yezempilo kunye nokubonelela ngamanzi okusela akhuselekileyo. Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba babone izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngoko nangoko baze balungise iinkqubo zonyango ngokufanelekileyo.

Imingeni kunye neendlela zexesha elizayo

Nangona kukho inkqubela phambili, izinzwa zokuxinana kwamanzi zisajongene nemingeni. Ukuthembeka kwezinzwa kwiindawo ezinzima, imfuneko yokulinganisa nokugcina, kunye namathuba okwenziwa kwe-biofouling ziindawo ezifuna uphando oluqhubekayo nophuhliso. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko imfuno yokujonga umgangatho wamanzi ngexesha langempela ikhula, izinto ezintsha zexesha elizayo zinokugxila ekwandiseni ukuqina kwezinzwa kunye nokuphucula amandla azo okusebenza kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo nezinzima.

Isiphelo

Izinzwa zokungcoliswa kwamanzi ziphambili kwizinto ezintsha ezijolise ekuphuculeni ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi. Ngokuqhubela phambili ekuqondeni, ekuqhagamshelweni, nasekudityanisweni nezinye izinzwa zokusingqongileyo, ezi zixhobo ziba zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo—ukusuka ekujongeni okusingqongileyo ukuya kwezolimo kunye nonyango lwamanzi okusela. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubeka nokutshintsha, amandla ezinzwa zokungcoliswa kwamanzi ukuphucula iindlela zokulawula amanzi nokuqinisekisa ukuba impilo yoluntu iya kukhula kuphela, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiinkqubo zendalo ezisempilweni kunye nobonelelo lwamanzi olukhuselekileyo kubo bonke. Ikamva lokujonga umgangatho wamanzi libonakala liqaqambile, liqhutywa zizinto ezintsha kwizinzwa zokungcoliswa kwamanzi kunye nokuzibophelela kulawulo oluzinzileyo lwemithombo yamanzi.