Kulungile, makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha iimpawu zeenzwa zemvula nekhephu ezikwaziyo ukukhupha umbane.
Le sensor isetyenziswa kakhulu ukufumanisa ukuba kukho imvula na kwaye yahlula iintlobo zemvula (imvula, ikhephu, ezixutyiweyo). Umgaqo wayo oyintloko kukusebenzisa i-capacitor eveziweyo ukulinganisa utshintsho kwi-dielectric constant yezinto eziwela kumphezulu wayo.
Inkcazo emfutshane yomgaqo oyintloko
Umphezulu wokubona we-sensor wenziwe yipleyiti enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-capacitive. Xa imvula (amathontsi emvula okanye iikhephu zekhephu) ziwela kumphezulu wokubona, iya kutshintsha iipropati ze-dielectric phakathi kweepleyiti, ngaloo ndlela ibangele utshintsho kwixabiso le-capacitance. Ngenxa yee-dielectric constants ezahlukeneyo zamanzi, umkhenkce nomoya, ngokuhlalutya iipateni, amazinga kunye ne-amplitude yotshintsho lwe-capacitance, kunokwenzeka ukumisela ukuba kukho imvula na nokuba yimvula okanye yikhephu.
Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neenzuzo
1. Akukho zixhobo zishukumayo, ukuthembeka okuphezulu
Ngokungafaniyo neegeyiji zemvula zebhakethi yokuncamathela (ezineebhakethi zokuncamathela zoomatshini), ii-capacitive sensors azinazo iindawo ezihambayo konke konke. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukungasebenzi kakuhle okubangelwa kukuguguleka koomatshini, ukuxinana (njengokuvinjwa yisanti, uthuli okanye amagqabi) okanye ukukhenkceza, akunazo iimfuno zokugcinwa ezisemgangathweni kwaye kunokuhlala ixesha elide.
2. Ingahlula iintlobo zemvula (imvula/ikhephu/ezixutyiweyo)
Le yenye yezona nzuzo zayo zibalaseleyo. Ngokuhlalutya iimpawu zeempawu ze-capacitive ngokusebenzisa ii-algorithms, imeko yesigaba semvula inokufunyanwa. Kubalulekile kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa ezifuna ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iintlobo zemvula yasebusika (ebalulekileyo ekuthuthweni, ekufudumaleni, nakwizilumkiso zezolimo).
3. Ubunzulu bemvula enokubonwa kunye nokuqokelelana kwayo (kuqikelelwa)
Ngokulinganisa imvamisa kunye nobukhulu botshintsho lwe-capacitance, ubunzulu kunye nobungakanani bemvula eqokelelweyo bunokuqikelelwa. Nangona ukuchaneka kwayo ngokupheleleyo kudla ngokungabi kuhle njengokwebhakethi yokuphosa elinganisiweyo okanye iigeyiji zemvula ezilinganisa ubunzima, kwanele ukujonga intsingiselo kunye nohlalutyo lomgangatho/ubungakanani obuncinci.
4. Impendulo ekhawulezileyo
Iyakwazi ukubona ukuqala nokuphela kwemvula ekhaphukhaphu (efana nokuna kwemvula kunye nekhephu elincinci) ngaphandle kokulibaziseka.
5. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nokuhlanganiswa okulula
Ifanelekile kakhulu ukudityaniswa nezitishi zemozulu ezizenzekelayo ezisebenza ngelanga kwaye inokudlulisa idatha kude ngetekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yezinto.
6. Ingakhupha ulwazi olutyebileyo
Ayikwazi nje kuphela ukukhupha imiqondiso elula ethi “enemvula/engenamvula”, kodwa ikwakhupha nolwazi olunemilinganiselo efana neekhowudi zohlobo lwemvula kunye namanqanaba obunzulu bemvula.
Imida kunye nemingeni
Ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kulinganiselwe (ingakumbi xa imvula ina)
Kwiimeko ezifuna umlinganiselo ochanekileyo (njengophando lwamanzi kunye nokujongwa kwemvula kwimisebenzi yemozulu), ayisoloko iyindlela yokuqala yokukhetha. Ixabiso lemvula elilinganiswa yiyo lichaphazeleka lula zizinto ezifana nohlobo lwemvula, ubushushu kunye nomoya, kwaye lifuna ukulinganiswa kwendawo.
2. Ichaphazeleka lula kukuphazamiseka okungenamvula
Umbethe, iqabaka kunye nomkhenkce onamafu: La manzi angenamvula anamathela kumphezulu wokuva aya kujongwa gwenxa yi-sensor njengemvula ebuthathaka kakhulu.
Uthuli, amasuntswana etyuwa, izinambuzane, ubulongwe beentaka: Nasiphi na isithako esinamathela kumphezulu wokuziva sinokutshintsha ixabiso le-capacitance, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-alamu zobuxoki. Nangona ezinye iimodeli zine-coating ezizicocayo okanye imisebenzi yokufudumeza ukunciphisa ingxaki, ayinakupheliswa ngokupheleleyo.
Uthuli okanye ukutshiza amanzi xa kukho umoya onamandla: Kunokubangela intshukumo emfutshane engalunganga.
3. Ukucoca nokulinganisa rhoqo kuyadingeka
Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha, umphezulu wokubona kufuneka ugcinwe ucocekile kwaye ufuna ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa. Emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, uhlengahlengiso lunokufuneka.
4. Ixabiso liphezulu kakhulu
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-tipping bucket rain gauge elula, izinto zayo ze-elektroniki kunye ne-algorithms ziyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi, ngoko ke iindleko zokuthenga zihlala ziphezulu.
Xa kuthelekiswa nombindi wegeyiji yemvula yebhakethi ejikayo
Iimeko ezicetyiswayo ezifanelekileyo
| Iimpawu | Inzwa yemvula nekhephu enamandla | Igeyiji yemvula yebhakethi enika amanzi |
| Umgaqo wokusebenza
| Ukulinganiswa kotshintsho oluqhubekayo lwe-dielectric (uhlobo lwe-elektroniki) | Inani lee-reps zebhakethi yokulinganisa (uhlobo loomatshini) |
| Inzuzo engundoqo
| Iyakwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwemvula nekhephu, ayinazo iindawo ezishukumayo, ayifuni kulungiswa kakhulu kwaye iphendula ngokukhawuleza | Ukulinganisa imvula kwindawo enye kunobuchane obuphezulu, iindleko eziphantsi kunye netekhnoloji evuthiweyo |
| Iingxaki eziphambili
| Ichaphazeleka lula kukuphazamiseka kokungangeni kwemvula, ayinamvula ichanekileyo kwaye ixabisa kakhulu | Kukho iindawo ezishukumayo ezidlakadlaka okanye ezixineneyo, ezingakwaziyo ukwahlula phakathi kwemvula nekhephu, kwaye zidla ngokubanda ebusika. |
| Izicelo eziqhelekileyo | Izikhululo zemozulu zendlela, iinkqubo zokulumkisa iindlela, izixeko ezikrelekrele, kunye nezikhululo ezizenzekelayo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi
| Izikhululo zokujonga ishishini lemozulu, izikhululo zamanzi, ukubekwa kweliso kwezolimo |
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo kakhulu
Ukubeka esweni imozulu yendlela: Ifakwe ecaleni kweendlela ezinkulu, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya kunye neeBhulorho, inokulumkisa ngokukhawuleza ngemingcipheko yeendlela ezityibilikayo kunye nomkhenkce (imvula ejika ibe likhephu).
Izitishi zemozulu ezizenzekelayo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi: Kufuneka bafumane ulwazi malunga nokuba “kukho na imvula” kunye “neentlobo zemvula” imini yonke kwaye ngaphandle kokulungiswa kakhulu.
Izixeko ezikrelekrele kunye ne-Intanethi yezinto: Njengenxalenye yenethiwekhi yokuqonda imozulu yasezidolophini, ijonga ukwenzeka kwemvula.
Kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kweziganeko zemvula nekhephu, ezifana neendawo zokutyibiliza ekhephini kunye nenkxaso yemidlalo yasebusika.
Iimeko ezingacetyiswayo: Kwiimeko apho kufuneka ukuchaneka okuphezulu kakhulu ekulinganisweni kwemvula (njengokujonga imozulu ngokusemthethweni kunye nezikhululo zokubala amanzi), ibhakethi yokujika okanye iigeyiji zemvula yokulinganisa kufuneka zibekwe phambili njengezixhobo eziphambili zokulinganisa. Izinzwa ze-capacitive zingasetyenziswa njengesongezelelo sokuchonga iintlobo zemvula.
Isishwankathelo
I-capacitive rain and snow sensor "ngumlindi okrelekrele". Ixabiso layo eliphambili alikho ekuboneleleni ngedatha yemvula echanekileyo kwinqanaba lelebhu, kodwa ekuchongeni ukwenzeka kunye neentlobo zeziganeko zemvula ngokuthembekileyo nangokungacwangciswanga, kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo olusemgangathweni kwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo ezizenzekelayo (ezifana nokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kweenkqubo zokunyibilikisa ikhephu ezindleleni). Xa ukhetha, umntu kufuneka achaze ngokucacileyo ukuba iimfuno zakhe "zizokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo" okanye "zizokuchonga ngokukhawuleza".
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-02-2025