Ngenxa yokwanda kotshintsho lwemozulu, uMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia ujongene nomngcipheko oqhubekayo wezikhukula kunye nembalela. Uhlobo olutsha lwesitishi semozulu esidibanisa imisebenzi yokubeka esweni ngokukrelekrele kunye nesilumkiso sasekuqaleni lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yokugcina amanzi yale ndawo, ebonelela ngenkxaso yedatha echanekileyo yolawulo lwemithombo yamanzi, isilumkiso sangaphambi kwezikhukula kunye nokuthunyelwa koncedo lwembalela, kwaye lube ngamandla abalulekileyo kwezobuchwepheshe ekukhuseleni ukhuseleko lokugcina amanzi.
Imingeni yemozulu ejongene nolawulo lolondolozo lwamanzi kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia
Inkqubo yokugcina amanzi eMzantsi-mpuma Asia ijongene novavanyo olunzima
• Imvula enkulu exhaphakileyo: Imvula enkulu ngequbuliso ibangela ukuba amanzi emilanjeni anyuke ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ixesha lokulumkisa ngezikhukula alanelanga.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo ukusuka kwimbalela ukuya kwizikhukula: Imbalela yexesha lonyaka itshintshana nemvula enkulu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kakhulu ukwabiwa kwemithombo yamanzi
• Ukunqongophala kwedatha: Idatha yemozulu kwiindawo ezikude ayinanto, kwaye izigqibo zokugcinwa kwamanzi azinasiseko.
• Ukugqwala kwezixhobo: Iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu zinciphisa ubomi bezixhobo zemveli
Impumelelo entsha kwizikhululo zemozulu ezikhethekileyo zokugcina amanzi
Ukuphendula kwiimpawu zeendawo zokugcina amanzi ashushu, isizukulwana esitsha sezikhululo zemozulu sifikelele kwimpumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe:
• Uqwalaselo lohlobo lwesilumkiso sesikhukula: Ixhotyiswe ngee-sensors ezininzi ezifana neegeyiji zemvula (ukuchaneka ± 0.2mm), iigeyiji zenqanaba lamanzi, kunye neemitha zokuhamba kwamanzi
• Uyilo oluchasene nokugqwala kakhulu: Umzimba oyintloko wentsimbi engagqwali engama-316, omelana nokugqwala kwetyuwa ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-2000
• Inkqubo yombane welanga: Ingasebenza ngokuqhubekayo iintsuku ezingama-30 ngeentsuku zemvula, iqinisekisa ukubekwa esweni okungaphazanyiswayo ngexesha lezikhukula
•4G/ Uthumelo oluphindwe kabini lwesathelayithi: Idatha inokuhlala ilungile nakwiindawo ezingenasiginali
Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kuye kwafumana iziphumo ezimangalisayo
IMekong River Basin (iindawo zaseThailand naseVietnam)
Ixesha lesilumkiso sezikhukhula landisiwe ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12
Ngowama-2023, kwalunyukiswa ngempumelelo ngeencopho ezintathu ezinkulu zezikhukula, nto leyo eyanciphisa ilahleko kwezoqoqosho ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezilishumi zeerandi zaseMelika.
Izinga lokuchaneka kokuqikelela amanqanaba amanzi lifikelela kwi-90%, nto leyo ekhokelela amachibi ukuba akhuphe amanzi ezikhukula kwangaphambili.
Ummandla weziqithi zaseIndonesia
Ukubeka esweni indlela yokuhamba kweziko lemvula ngexesha langempela
Ngowama-2024, iintlekele ezili-17 zezikhukula zeentaba zalumkiswa kwangaphambili ngexesha lemvula
Nika inkxaso yedatha ephambili kwizigqibo zokufuduka
Inkqubo Yamanzi yasePhilippines
• Ukubeka esweni ngokuchanekileyo iinkqubo zamafu emvula ngexesha lembalela
Khokela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamachibi okugcina amanzi ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka kwamanzi ngexesha lemvula
Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okunkcenkceshela linyuke ngama-35%
Urhulumente kunye nesebe lolondolozo lwamanzi baphendule kakuhle
Amasebe okugcina amanzi kumazwe amaninzi akuMzantsi-mpuma Asia ayakhawulezisa ukuthunyelwa kwawo
ISebe leMithombo yamanzi laseThailand limisele izikhululo zokubeka esweni ezingama-200 kwiMekong River Basin
UMphathiswa wezoLimo neMicimbi yaseMaphandleni waseVietnam ufake le nkqubo kwisicwangciso sokwakha sokugcinwa kwamanzi ngendlela ekrelekrele
I-Arhente yoThintelo noLawulo lweeNtlekele yase-Indonesia iseke uthungelwano lwesizwe lokulumkisa kwangethuba ngezikhukula ezintabeni
Inkonzo yeMeteorological and Hydrological yasePhilippines iphucule inkqubo yokubeka esweni imilambo
Ubungqina bobungcali bomsebenzisi
Injineli yolondolozo lwamanzi yaseThailand uSongchai uthe, “Le nkqubo isincede sakwazi ukujonga imvula ngexesha langempela okokuqala ngqa. Ixesha lokulumkisa ngezikhukula lihambile ngeeyure ezili-10, nto leyo esindise umhlaba omkhulu wokulima ongezantsi.”
UNguyen Van Phuc, umlimi kwiMekong Delta yaseVietnam, uthe, “Ngoku iifowuni zethu zinokufumana izilumkiso zamanzi ezichanekileyo kwinqanaba lelali. Akusekho mfuneko yokuba sikhathazeke ngezikhukula ezikhawulezileyo ezinzulwini zobusuku.”
Imisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo
1. Uqikelelo lwezikhukula olukrelekrele: Ngokusekelwe kwimodeli yemvula kunye nokugeleza kwamanzi, velisa uqikelelo lwezikhukula kwizitya zemilambo
2. Ukubeka iliso novavanyo lwembalela: Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela lokufuma komhlaba kunye nokukhutshwa kwezilumkiso zembalela
3. Ucwangciso olufanelekileyo lwemithombo yamanzi: Nika inkxaso echanekileyo yedatha yocwangciso lwedama
4. Inkxaso yomyalelo wexesha likaxakeka: Ukubonelela ngedatha yemvula kunye neemeko zamanzi ngexesha leentlekele
5. Uhlalutyo lwexesha elide: Qokelela idatha ye-hydrological ukuxhasa ucwangciso lokugcinwa kwamanzi
Isicwangciso sokunyusa nokusasaza
Ngenkxaso yemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, le projekthi ikhuthazwa ngokukhawuleza
IBhanki yoPhuhliso lwase-Asia inika inkxaso yemali mboleko enokuhlawulelwa ngokwemiqathango
I-Arhente yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yokuNcitshiswa koMngcipheko weeNtlekele inika uncedo lobuchwephesha
I-China incedise ekwakheni uthungelwano lokubeka esweni eLaos naseCambodia
ISingapore inika inkxaso yobugcisa kwiqonga lokucubungula idatha
Imbono yexesha elizayo
Njengoko inkqubo iqhubeka iphucuka, kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2025:
Igubungela ngaphezu kwe-90% yeendawo ezinkulu zemilambo kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia
Isaziso seengozi zezikhukula sifikelele kwiiyure ezingama-24
Izinga lokuchaneka kwesimo sokuqikelela imbalela lidlula i-85%
Ukunciphisa ilahleko kwezoqoqosho ezibangelwa zizikhukula ngaphezulu kwama-30%
Uvavanyo lweengcali
UGqr. Nguyen, ingcali kwezokugcinwa kwamanzi evela kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, uthe, “Obu buchwephesha bugcwalisa umsantsa ekubekweni kweliso lokonga amanzi kwimimandla eshushu, bubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ebalulekileyo yokujongana notshintsho lwemozulu kwaye busebenza njengesiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sokhuseleko lokonga amanzi kummandla.”
Ukukhuthazwa nokusetyenziswa kwale nkqubo yokujonga imozulu ekrelekrele kwakha umgca wokhuseleko lokugcinwa kwamanzi wedijithali kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, ukhusela ubomi kunye namakhaya kulo mhlaba.
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Ixesha leposi: Sep-09-2025