INkqubo eDityanisiweyo yokuJonga iSikhukula kunye neNkqubo yeSilumkiso kwangethuba “kwi-Chao Phraya River Basin,” kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia.

Imvelaphi yeProjekthi

UMzantsi-mpuma we-Asiya, ophawulwa yimozulu yawo yetropikhi, ujongana nezigrogriso eziqatha minyaka le ngexesha lemvula. Kusetyenziswa i-“Chao Phraya River Basin” kwilizwe elimele ummeli njengomzekelo, esi sithili sihamba sinqumla kweyona dolophu inabantu abaninzi kwaye iphuhliswe ngokwezoqoqosho nemimandla eyingqongileyo. Ngokwembali, ukusebenzisana kwezandyondyo zemvula ngesiquphe, ukuphuphuma kwamanzi okukhawulezayo ukusuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeentaba, kunye nokuzaliswa kwamanzi ezidolophini kuye kwenza iindlela zokubeka iliso ze-hydrological zemveli, zezandla, kunye namava-based based hydrological, ngokuqhelekileyo zikhokelela kwizilumkiso ezingalindelekanga, umonakalo omkhulu wepropathi, kunye neengxwelerha.

Ukushenxa kule ndlela yokusebenza, isebe lesizwe lemithombo yamanzi, lisebenzisana namahlakani ezizwe ngezizwe, lisungule “iNkqubo eDityanisiweyo yokuHlola iZikhukula kunye neNkqubo yokuLumkisa kwangethuba kwiprojekthi yeChao Phraya River Basin”. Injongo yayikukuseka ixesha langempela, elichanekileyo, kwaye lisebenza ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokulawula izikhukhula zanamhlanje i-IoT, iteknoloji ye-sensor, kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha.

Ubuchwephesha obungundoqo kunye nezicelo zoluvo

Inkqubo idibanisa izinzwa ezahlukeneyo eziphambili, zenza "amehlo kunye neendlebe" zomgangatho wokuqonda.

1. UkuTipha iBhakethi yeSilinganisi seMvula-“ISentinel ePhambili” yeMvelaphi yoMkhukula

• Iindawo zokusasaza: Zisasazwe ngokubanzi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zeentaba, iindawo zokugcina amahlathi, amadama anomlinganiselo ophakathi, kunye neendawo ezingundoqo zokuqokelela amanzi kumda wedolophu.
• Umsebenzi kunye nendima:
  • UkuJonga imvula ngexesha langempela: Ukuqokelela idatha yemvula ngomzuzu ngamnye, ngokuchaneka kwe-0.1 mm. Idatha ihanjiswa ngexesha langempela kwiziko lolawulo oluphakathi nge-GPRS / 4G / unxibelelwano lwesathelayithi.
  • Isilumkiso ngesaqhwithi: Xa igeyiji yemvula irekhoda imvula ephezulu kakhulu ngexesha elifutshane (umzekelo, ngaphezulu kwe-50 mm ngeyure enye), inkqubo iyazixhokonxa ngokuzenzekelayo isilumkiso, ebonisa umngcipheko wezikhukula okanye ukuphuphuma kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza kuloo ndawo.
  • Ukudityaniswa kweDatha: Idata yokuna kwemvula yenye yezona pharamitha zibalulekileyo zegalelo kwiimodeli zamanzi, ezisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela umthamo wokubaleka ukuya emilanjeni kunye nexesha lokufika kweencopho zeezandyondyo.

2. Imitha yokuHamba kweRadar – “IMonitor yePulse” yoMlambo

• IiNdawo zokusasazwa: Ifakwe kuzo zonke iziteshi ezinkulu zemilambo, iindawo eziphambili zokuhlangana, amadama asezantsi, kunye neebhulorho ezibalulekileyo okanye iinqaba kumasango esixeko.
• Umsebenzi kunye nendima:
  • Umlinganiselo wesantya esingaqhagamshelwanga kuso: Usebenzisa imigaqo yokubonakalisa i-radar wave ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo isantya samanzi aphezu komhlaba, ongachatshazelwanga ngumgangatho wamanzi okanye umxholo wentlenga, ofuna ukugcinwa okuphantsi.
  • Inqanaba laManzi kunye neSingqinisiso soMnqamlezo: Ngokudityaniswa ne-sensor yamanqanaba oxinzelelo olwakhelwe ngaphakathi okanye i-ultrasonic gauges level yamanzi, ifumana idatha yexesha langempela lezinga lamanzi. Isebenzisa idata elayishwe kwangaphambili yomjelo womlambo onqamlezileyo wetopography yamacandelo, ibala isantya sokuhamba kwexesha lokwenyani (m³/s).
  • Isalathisi esiSilumkiso: Isantya sokuqukuqela sesona salathisi sokumisela ubungakanani bezikhukhula. Xa ukuhamba okubekwe esweni imitha ye-radar kudlula isilumkiso esisetwe kwangaphambili okanye imida yengozi, inkqubo ibangela izilumkiso kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, ukuthenga ixesha elibalulekileyo lokuphuma ezantsi.

3. I-Displacement Sensor – “UmGcini woKhuseleko” weZiseko zoPhuhliso

• IiNdawo zokusasazwa: Imilinganiselo ebalulekileyo, amadama onxweme, amathambeka, kunye neendonga zemilambo ezisengozini yeengozi ze-geotechnical.
• Umsebenzi kunye nendima:
  • UkuJonga iMpilo yoLwakhiwo: Isebenzisa i-GNSS (i-Global Navigation Satellite System) izinzwa zokufuduka kunye ne-in-place inclinometers ngokuqhubekayo ukubeka iliso lokufuduswa komgangatho we-millimeter, ukuhlaliswa, kunye nokuthambeka kwedike kunye nemithambeka.
  • ISilumkiso sokusilela kweDama/eSiqhekezo: Ngexesha lezikhukula, ukunyuka kwamaqondo amanzi kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizakhiwo ezisebenza ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Izinzwa zokufuduswa ziyakwazi ukubona kwangethuba, iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo zokungazinzi kwesakhiwo. Ukuba izinga lokufuduka litshintsha ngokukhawuleza, inkqubo ngokukhawuleza ikhupha isilumkiso sokhuseleko lwesakhiwo, ukukhusela izikhukhula eziyingozi ezibangelwa ukungaphumeleli kobunjineli.

INkqubo yokuSebenza kunye neZiphumo eziphunyeziweyo

1. Ukufunyanwa kweDatha kunye noThutho: Amakhulu ee-sensor nodes kwi-basin yonke i-basin iqokelela idatha yonke imizuzu ye-5-10 kwaye idlulisele kwiipakethi kwiziko ledatha yefu ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-IoT.
2. I-Data Fusion kunye noHlalutyo lweModeli: Iqonga eliphakathi lifumana kwaye lidibanise idatha yemithombo emininzi evela kwii-gauges zemvula, i-radar flow meters, kunye ne-displacement sensors. Le datha ifakwe kwimodeli edibeneyo ye-hydro-meteorological kunye ne-hydraulic yokulinganisa kwexesha lokwenyani kunye noqikelelo.
3. Isilumkiso kwangethuba kunye neNkxaso yesiGqibo:
   • Imeko 1: Imilinganiselo yemvula kwiintaba ezisemantla ibona isaqhwithi; imodeli ngoko nangoko iqikelela incopho yezandyondyo yesikhukula engaphaya kwenqanaba lesilumkiso iya kufika kwiDolophu A kwiiyure ezi-3. Inkqubo ithumela isilumkiso ngokuzenzekelayo kwisebe lothintelo lweentlekele leDolophu A.
   • Imeko yesi-2: Imitha yokuqukuqela yerada kumlambo odlula kwisiXeko B ibonisa ukonyuka kwesantya sokuhamba okukhawulezileyo ngeyure, kunye namaqondo amanzi amalunga ngaphaya komsinga. Le nkqubo ibangela isilumkiso esibomvu kwaye ikhuphe imiyalelo engxamisekileyo yokufuduka kubahlali basemlanjeni nge-apps eziphathwayo, imidiya yoluntu, kunye nosasazo olungxamisekileyo.
   • Imeko yesi-3: Izinzwa zokufuduka kwicandelo elidala le-levee kwi-Point C zifumanisa intshukumo engaqhelekanga, ekhuthaza inkqubo ukuba ifake iflegi yomngcipheko wokuwa. Iziko lomyalelo lingathumela ngokukhawuleza amaqela obunjineli ukuze aqinise kwaye akhuphe kwangaphambili abahlali kwindawo yomngcipheko.
4. Iziphumo zosetyenziso:
   • Ukwandiswa kwexesha lokuKhokela isilumkiso: Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli, ixesha lokukhokela isilumkiso sokhukula liphuculwe ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-2-4 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-6-12.
   • Ukwenziwa KweziGqibo Ezongeziweyo Ubungqongqo kwezobuNzululwazi: Imifuziselo yenzululwazi esekwe kwidatha yexesha lokwenyani ithathe indawo yomgwebo ongekho ngqiqweni osekelwe kumava, ukwenza izigqibo ezinjengokusebenza kwedama kunye nokuvula indawo yokuphazamiseka kwamanzi ngokuthe ngqo.
   • Ilahleko Ethotyiweyo: Kwixesha lezandyondyo zokuqala emva kokusasazwa kwenkqubo, iye yalawula ngempumelelo izehlo ezikhulu ezibini zezikhukula, eziqikelelwa ukuba zinciphise ilahleko yezoqoqosho ngokuthe ngqo malunga nama-30% kwaye zafumana iingozi zero.
   • Ukuphuculwa koNxibelelwano loLuntu: Ngesicelo esiphathwayo sikawonke-wonke, abemi banokujonga imvula yexesha langempela kunye nolwazi lwenqanaba lamanzi kwindawo yabo, ukuphucula ulwazi lokuthintela iintlekele zoluntu.

Imicelimngeni kunye neNjongo yekamva

• Imingeni: Utyalo-mali oluphezulu lwenkqubo yokuqala; uthungelwano lonxibelelwano kwiindawo ezikude luhlala luyingxaki; Ukuzinza kwexesha elide lenzwa kunye nokuchasana nokonakalisa kufuna ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo.
• Ikamva lekamva: Izicwangciso zibandakanya ukwazisa i-algorithms ye-AI ukuze kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukuchaneka koqikelelo; ukudibanisa idatha yesathelayithi yeremote yezivamlo ukwandisa ukujongwa kokujongwa; kunye nokuphonononga amakhonkco anzulu kunye nocwangciso lwedolophu kunye neenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ezolimo ukwakha inkqubo-sikhokelo yokulawula “i-Smart River Basin” eyomelela ngakumbi.

Isishwankathelo:
Olu phononongo lwemeko lubonisa indlela i-synergistic operation ye-Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges (ukuva umthombo), i-Radar Flow Meters (ukubeka iliso kwinkqubo), kunye ne-Displacement Sensors (ukukhusela iziseko ezingundoqo) zakha uhlolo olubanzi, olunemilinganiselo emininzi kunye nenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangaphambili-ukusuka "esibhakabhakeni" ukuya "emhlabeni," ukusuka "kumthombo" ukuya "kwisakhiwo." Oku akubonisi kuphela isikhokelo sohlaziyo lolawulo lwezikhukhula kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia kodwa kukwabonelela ngamava aluncedo aluncedo kulawulo lwezandyondyo lwehlabathi kwiindawo zemilambo efanayo.

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