Inethiwekhi yoLwazi lweMozulu yoLuntu (Co-WIN) yiprojekthi edibeneyo phakathi kweHong Kong Observatory (HKO), iYunivesithi yaseHong Kong kunye neYunivesithi yaseTshayina yaseHong Kong. Inika izikolo ezithatha inxaxheba kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ngeqonga le-intanethi lokubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ukubanceda bafakele baze balawule izikhululo zemozulu ezizenzekelayo (AWS) nokubonelela uluntu ngedatha yokuphonononga kuquka iqondo lobushushu, ukufuma okunxulumeneyo, imvula, indlela eya ngayo umoya nesantya, kunye neemeko zomoya . uxinzelelo, imitha yelanga kunye ne-UV index. Ngenkqubo, abafundi abathatha inxaxheba bafumana izakhono ezifana nokusebenza kwesixhobo, ukujonga imozulu, kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha. I-AWS Co-WIN ilula kodwa iyaguquguquka. Makhe sibone ukuba yahluke njani kukuphunyezwa kwe-HKKO esemgangathweni kwi-AWS.
I-Co-WIN AWS isebenzisa iithemomitha zokumelana kunye neehygrometers ezincinci kakhulu kwaye zifakwe ngaphakathi kwekhaka lelanga. Ikhaka lisebenza ngenjongo efanayo ne-Stevenson shield kwi-AWS eqhelekileyo, ukukhusela iqondo lokushisa kunye nezinzwa zomswakama ukusuka ekukhanyeni ngokuthe ngqo kwelanga kunye nemvula ngelixa uvumela ukujikeleza komoya kwamahhala.
Kwindawo yokuqwalasela ye-AWS eqhelekileyo, iithemometha zokumelana neplatinam zifakwe ngaphakathi kwikhaka likaStevenson ukulinganisa i-bulb eyomileyo kunye namaqondo obushushu ebhalbhu emanzi, okuvumela ukufuma okuhambelanayo ukuba kubalwe. Abanye basebenzisa i-capacitive humidity sensors ukulinganisa ukufuma okuhambelanayo. Ngokweengcebiso ze-World Meteorological Organization (WMO), izikrini eziqhelekileyo zeStevenson kufuneka zifakwe phakathi kwe-1.25 kunye ne-2 yeemitha ngaphezu komhlaba. I-Co-WIN AWS ihlala ifakwe eluphahleni lwesakhiwo sesikolo, ibonelela ngokukhanya okungcono kunye nokungena komoya, kodwa kubude obuphezulu ukusuka emhlabeni.
Zombini i-Co-WIN AWS kunye ne-AWS esemgangathweni zisebenzisa iigeyiji zemvula yeebhakethi ukulinganisa imvula. Igeyiji yemvula ye-Co-WIN ibekwe phezu kwesikhuselo semitha yelanga. Kwi-AWS eqhelekileyo, igeyiji yemvula idla ngokufakwa kwindawo evuleleke kakuhle emhlabeni.
Njengoko amathontsi emvula engena kwigeyiji yemvula ye-emele, ngokuthe ngcembe azalisa enye yee-emele ezimbini. Xa amanzi emvula efikelela kwinqanaba elithile, i-emele ijonge kwelinye icala phantsi kobunzima bayo, ikhupha amanzi emvula. Xa oku kusenzeka, elinye ibhakethi liyaphakama lize liqalise ukugcwala. Phinda ugcwalise kwaye ugalele. Isixa semvula sinokubalwa ngokubala ukuba ikekele kangaphi.
Zombini i-Co-WIN AWS kunye ne-AWS esemgangathweni zisebenzisa ii-anemometers zekomityi kunye ne-vanes zomoya ukulinganisa isantya somoya kunye nomkhombandlela. I-sensor yomoya ye-AWS eqhelekileyo ifakwe kwi-10 yeemitha eziphezulu zomoya, exhotyiswe nge-conductor yombane kwaye ilinganisa umoya weemitha ezili-10 ngaphezu komhlaba ngokuhambelana neziphakamiso ze-WMO. Akufuneki kubekho imiqobo ephezulu kufutshane nesiza. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokuthintelwa kwendawo yofakelo, iisenso zomoya ze-Co-WIN zidla ngokufakwa kwiipali zeemasti eziliqela eziphakamileyo kuphahla lwezakhiwo zemfundo. Kusenokubakho izakhiwo ezide ezikufutshane.
I-Barometer ye-Co-WIN AWS yi-piezoresistive kwaye yakhelwe kwi-console, ngelixa i-AWS eqhelekileyo isebenzisa isixhobo esahlukileyo (njenge-capacitance barometer) ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lomoya.
I-Co-WIN AWS i-solar kunye ne-UV sensors zifakwe ecaleni kwe-bucket gauge yemvula. Isalathisi senqanaba siqhotyoshelwe kwinzwa nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuba inzwa ikwindawo ethe tye. Ke, inzwa nganye inomfanekiso ocacileyo we-hemispherical wesibhakabhaka ukulinganisa imitha yelanga yehlabathi kunye nobunzulu be-UV. Kwelinye icala, iHong Kong Observatory isebenzisa iipyranometers eziphucukileyo kunye neeradiometers zeultraviolet. Zifakelwe kwi-AWS ekhethekileyo, apho kukho indawo evulekileyo yokujonga imitha yelanga kunye nobukhulu bemitha ye-UV.
Nokuba yi-win-win AWS okanye i-AWS eqhelekileyo, kukho iimfuneko ezithile zokukhetha indawo. I-AWS kufuneka ibekwe kude ne-air conditioners, imigangatho yekhonkrithi, indawo ekhanyayo kunye neendonga eziphakamileyo. Kufuneka kwakhona ibe kwindawo apho umoya unokujikeleza ngokukhululekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, imilinganiselo yobushushu inokuchaphazeleka. Ukongeza, igeyiji yemvula ayifanele ifakwe kwiindawo ezinomoya ukuze kuthintelwe amanzi emvula ukuba aphetshezwe yimimoya enamandla aze afikelele kwigeyiji yemvula. I-anemometers kunye ne-vanes yemozulu kufuneka zixhonywe phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukunciphisa umqobo ovela kwizakhiwo ezijikelezileyo.
Ukwanelisa iimfuno zokukhetha indawo engentla ye-AWS, i-Observatory yenza zonke iinzame zokufakela i-AWS kwindawo evulekileyo, ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezivela kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane. Ngenxa yeengxaki zokusingqongileyo kwisakhiwo sesikolo, amalungu e-Co-WIN ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka afake i-AWS kuphahla lwesakhiwo sesikolo.
Co-WIN AWS iyafana ne "Lite AWS". Ngokusekwe kumava adlulileyo, i-Co-WIN AWS "iyasebenza kodwa inzima kakhulu" - ibamba iimeko zemozulu kakuhle xa kuthelekiswa ne-AWS eqhelekileyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-Observatory iqalise isizukulwana esitsha solwazi lwenethiwekhi yoluntu, i-Co-WIN 2.0, esebenzisa i-microsensors ukulinganisa umoya, ubushushu, umswakama ohambelanayo, njl. Ezinye iinxalenye, ezifana nezikhuselo zelanga, ziveliswa kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yoshicilelo ye-3D. Ukongeza, i-Co-WIN 2.0 iphakamisa ezinye iindlela zomthombo ovulekileyo kuzo zombini i-microcontrollers kunye nesoftware, ukunciphisa kakhulu isoftware kunye neendleko zophuhliso lwehardware. Umbono emva kwe-Co-WIN 2.0 kukuba abafundi banokufunda ukwenza eyabo "i-DIY AWS" kunye nokuphuhlisa isofthiwe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iObservatory ikwaququzelela iiklasi zobuchule zabafundi. I-Hong Kong Observatory iphuhlise i-columnari ye-AWS esekelwe kwi-Co-WIN 2.0 AWS kwaye ifakwe ekusebenzeni kwi-real-time monitoring yemozulu yendawo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-14-2024