Ukufakela isikhululo semozulu esizenzekelayo kunceda abafundi bafumane izakhono zokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukujonga imozulu kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha

I-Community Weather Information Network (Co-WIN) yiprojekthi edibeneyo phakathi kweHong Kong Observatory (HKO), iYunivesithi yaseHong Kong kunye neYunivesithi yaseTshayina yaseHong Kong. Ibonelela izikolo ezithatha inxaxheba kunye nemibutho yoluntu ngeqonga elikwi-intanethi lokubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ukubanceda ukufaka nokulawula izitishi zemozulu ezizenzekelayo (AWS) kunye nokubonelela uluntu ngedatha yokujonga kubandakanya ubushushu, ukufuma okuqhelekileyo, imvula, ulwalathiso lomoya kunye nesantya, kunye noxinzelelo lomoya, imitha yelanga kunye ne-UV index. Ngale nkqubo, abafundi abathatha inxaxheba bafumana izakhono ezinje ngokusebenza kwezixhobo, ukujonga imozulu, kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha. I-AWS Co-WIN ilula kodwa inokuguquguquka. Makhe sibone ukuba yahluke njani ekusetyenzisweni okuqhelekileyo kwe-HKKO kwi-AWS.
I-Co-WIN AWS ​​​​isebenzisa ii-thermometers zokumelana kunye nee-hygrometers ezincinci kakhulu kwaye zifakwe ngaphakathi kwekhaka lelanga. Ikhaka lisebenza injongo efanayo nekhaka likaStevenson kwi-AWS eqhelekileyo, likhusela izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma ekuchatshazelweni ngqo lilanga kunye nemvula ngelixa livumela ukujikeleza komoya ngokukhululekileyo.
Kwi-observatory eqhelekileyo ye-AWS, ii-thermometers zokumelana neplatinum zifakelwa ngaphakathi kweStevenson shield ukulinganisa amaqondo obushushu ebhalbhu eyomileyo kunye nebhalbhu emanzi, okuvumela ukuba kubalwe ukufuma okulinganiselweyo. Ezinye zisebenzisa ii-capacitive humidity sensors ukulinganisa ukufuma okulinganiselweyo. Ngokweengcebiso zeWorld Meteorological Organisation (WMO), izikrini eziqhelekileyo zeStevenson kufuneka zifakelwe phakathi kwe-1.25 kunye ne-2 yeemitha ukusuka emhlabeni. I-Co-WIN AWS ​​​​idla ngokufakwa eluphahleni lwesakhiwo sesikolo, inika ukukhanya okungcono kunye nomoya, kodwa kubude obuphezulu ukusuka emhlabeni.
Zombini i-Co-WIN AWS ​​kunye ne-Standard AWS zisebenzisa ii-tipping bucket rain gauges ukulinganisa imvula. I-Co-WIN tipping bucket rain gauge ibekwe phezu kwe-solar radiation shield. Kwi-AWS eqhelekileyo, i-rain gauge idla ngokufakwa kwindawo evulekileyo kakuhle emhlabeni.
Njengoko amathontsi emvula engena kwigeyiji yemvula yebhakethi, agcwalisa kancinci kancinci enye yeebhakethi ezimbini. Xa amanzi emvula efikelela kwinqanaba elithile, ibhakethi ithambekela kwelinye icala phantsi kobunzima bayo, ikhupha amanzi emvula. Xa oku kusenzeka, enye ibhakethi iyaphakama ize iqalise ukuzalisa. Phinda uzalise kwaye uthulule. Ubungakanani bemvula bungabalwa ngokubala ukuba ithambekele kangaphi.
Zombini i-Co-WIN AWS ​​​​kunye ne-Standard AWS zisebenzisa ii-cup anemometers kunye nee-wind vanes ukulinganisa isantya somoya kunye necala. I-standard AWS wind sensor ifakwe kwi-10 meter high wind mast, exhotyiswe nge-lightning conductor kwaye ilinganisa umoya kwiimitha ezili-10 ngaphezu komhlaba ngokuhambelana neengcebiso ze-WMO. Akufuneki kubekho miqobo iphakamileyo kufutshane nendawo. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yemida yokufakelwa kwendawo, ii-Co-WIN wind sensors zihlala zifakelwa kwiimasti eziphakame kangangeemitha ezininzi eluphahleni lwezakhiwo zemfundo. Kunokubakho nezakhiwo ezinde kufutshane.
I-Co-WIN AWS ​​barometer iyasebenza kwaye ikwi-console, ngelixa i-AWS eqhelekileyo isebenzisa isixhobo esahlukileyo (njenge-capacitance barometer) ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lomoya.
Ii-sensors ze-AWS ze-Co-WIN kunye ne-UV zifakelwe ecaleni kwe-tipping bucket rain gauge. Isalathisi senqanaba siqhotyoshelwe kwi-sensor nganye ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-sensor ikwindawo ethe tye. Ngoko ke, i-sensor nganye inomfanekiso ocacileyo wesibhakabhaka ukulinganisa imitha yelanga yehlabathi kunye nobunzulu be-UV. Kwelinye icala, i-Hong Kong Observatory isebenzisa ii-pyranometers eziphambili kunye nee-ultraviolet radiometers. Zifakwe kwi-AWS ekhethiweyo ngokukodwa, apho kukho indawo evulekileyo yokujonga imitha yelanga kunye nobunzulu bemitha ye-UV.
Nokuba yi-AWS enceda bonke okanye i-AWS eqhelekileyo, kukho iimfuno ezithile zokukhetha indawo. I-AWS kufuneka ibekwe kude nee-air conditioners, imigangatho yekhonkrithi, iindawo ezibonisa ukukhanya kunye neendonga eziphakamileyo. Kufuneka ibekwe apho umoya unokujikeleza khona ngokukhululekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, imilinganiselo yobushushu inokuchaphazeleka. Ukongeza, i-rain gauge akufuneki ifakwe kwiindawo ezinomoya ukuthintela amanzi emvula ukuba angavuthuzwa yimimoya enamandla aze afikelele kwi-rain gauge. Ii-anemometers kunye nee-weather vanes kufuneka zifakwe phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukunciphisa ukuphazanyiswa kwizakhiwo ezingqongileyo.
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokukhetha indawo ezingentla ze-AWS, i-Observatory yenza yonke imizamo yokufaka i-AWS kwindawo evulekileyo, engenazithintelo kwizakhiwo ezikufutshane. Ngenxa yemida yokusingqongileyo yesakhiwo sesikolo, amalungu e-Co-WIN adla ngokunyanzeleka ukuba afake i-AWS eluphahleni lwesakhiwo sesikolo.
I-Co-WIN AWS ​​​​ifana ne-"Lite AWS". Ngokusekelwe kumava angaphambili, i-Co-WIN AWS ​​​​"ingabizi kakhulu kodwa inzima" - ibamba iimeko zemozulu kakuhle xa ithelekiswa ne-AWS eqhelekileyo.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-Observatory iqalise inethiwekhi yolwazi loluntu yesizukulwana esitsha, i-Co-WIN 2.0, esebenzisa ii-microsensors ukulinganisa umoya, ubushushu, ukufuma okuqhelekileyo, njl. I-sensor ifakwe kwi-lamppost efana ne-lamppost. Ezinye izinto, ezifana nezikhuselo zelanga, ziveliswa kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yokuprinta ye-3D. Ukongeza, i-Co-WIN 2.0 isebenzisa ezinye iindlela zomthombo ovulekileyo kuzo zombini ii-microcontrollers kunye nesoftware, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu iindleko zophuhliso lwesoftware kunye nehardware. Ingcamango engasemva kwe-Co-WIN 2.0 kukuba abafundi banokufunda ukwenza eyabo "i-DIY AWS" kwaye baphuhlise isoftware. Ngenxa yoku, i-Observatory ikwaququzelela iiklasi eziphambili zabafundi. I-Hong Kong Observatory iphuhlise i-columnar AWS esekelwe kwi-Co-WIN 2.0 AWS kwaye yayisebenzisa ukuze ibeke esweni imozulu ngexesha langempela lendawo.