Impembelelo yesantya samanzi ekuvuthweni kwamaqanda kunye namandla e-antioxidant kwi-carp yengca yabantu abadala (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

Ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic engineering kwindalo kubalulekile ekulondolozweni kwezixhobo zokuloba. Isantya samanzi saziwa ukuba sichaphazela ukuzala kweentlanzi ezihambisa amaqanda akhukulisayo. Olu phononongo lujolise ekuphononongeni imiphumo yokuvuselelwa kwesantya samanzi ekuvuthweni kwe-ovarian kunye namandla e-antioxidant e-carp yengca yabantu abadala (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zelebhu ukuze kuqondwe indlela esebenza ngayo i-physiological esekwe kwimpendulo yokuzala kwendalo kwi-ecological flows. Sihlolisise i-histology, ii-sex hormones kunye ne-vitellogenin (VTG) concentrations ye-ovary, kunye ne-transcripts ye-genes eziphambili kwi-hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, kunye nemisebenzi ye-antioxidant ye-ovary kunye nesibindi kwi-carp yengca. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba nangona kungekho mahluko ubonakalayo kwiimpawu zophuhliso lwe-ovarian ze-carp yengca phantsi kokuvuselelwa kwesantya samanzi, i-estradiol, i-testosterone, i-progesterone, i-17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP), kunye namanqanaba e-VTG aphakanyisiwe, awayenxulumene nokulawulwa kwe-transcriptional ye-HPG axis genes. Amanqanaba okubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo (gnrh2, fshβ, lhβ, cgα, hsd20b, hsd17b3, kunye ne-vtg) kwi-axis ye-HPG anyuswe kakhulu phantsi kokuvuselelwa kwesantya samanzi, ngelixa lawo e-hsd3b1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, hsd17b1, star, kunye ne-igf3 ancitshisiwe. Ukongeza, ukuvuselelwa kwesantya samanzi esifanelekileyo kunokuphucula imeko yempilo yomzimba ngokwandisa imisebenzi yee-enzymes ze-antioxidant kwi-ovary nakwisibindi. Iziphumo zolu phononongo zibonelela ngolwazi olusisiseko kunye nenkxaso yedatha yokusebenza kwendalo kwiiprojekthi zamandla emvula kunye nokubuyiselwa kwendalo yomlambo.
Intshayelelo
Idama leeNtlanzi ezintathu (TGD), elikwindawo ephakathi yoMlambo iYangtze, lelona projekthi inkulu yamandla ombane emhlabeni kwaye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenziseni nasekusebenziseni amandla omlambo (Tang et al., 2016). Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwe-TGD akutshintshi nje kuphela iinkqubo zamanzi emilanjeni kodwa kusongela neendawo zokuhlala zasemanzini zombini phezulu nasezantsi kwendawo yedama, ngaloo ndlela negalelo ekonakaleni kweendawo eziphilayo ezisecaleni komlambo (Zhang et al., 2021). Ngokweenkcukacha, ukulawulwa kwamachibi kulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokuhamba kwemilambo kwaye kunciphisa okanye kuphelise iincopho zendalo zezikhukula, ngaloo ndlela kukhokelele ekunciphiseni kwamaqanda eentlanzi (She et al., 2023).
Umsebenzi wokuzala kweentlanzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba uchatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezikwimo yendalo, kubandakanya isantya samanzi, ubushushu bamanzi, kunye neoksijini enyibilikisiweyo. Ngokuchaphazela ukwenziwa kunye nokukhutshwa kweehomoni, ezi zinto zikwimo yendalo zichaphazela uphuhliso lwe-gonadal yeentlanzi (Liu et al., 2021). Ngokukodwa, isantya samanzi siye saqatshelwa ukuba sichaphazela ukuzala kweentlanzi ezihambisa amaqanda ahambayo emilanjeni (Chen et al., 2021a). Ukuze kuncitshiswe iziphumo ezimbi zokusebenza kwedama ekuzaleni kweentlanzi, kuyimfuneko ukuseka iinkqubo ezithile ze-eco-hydrological ukukhuthaza ukuzala kweentlanzi (Wang et al., 2020).

Ii-carps ezine eziphambili zaseTshayina (FMCC), kuquka i-black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), i-grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), i-silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), kunye ne-bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), ezibuthathaka kakhulu kwiinkqubo zamanzi, zimele iintlanzi ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho eTshayina. Inani le-FMCC liza kufudukela kwiindawo zokuzalela amaqanda kwaye liqalise ukuzalela amaqanda ngenxa yokunyuka kwamanzi ukusuka ngoMatshi ukuya kuJuni, ngelixa ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwe-TGD kutshintsha isigqi sendalo samanzi kwaye kuthintele ukufuduka kweentlanzi (Zhang et al., 2023). Ke ngoko, ukufaka ukuhamba kwendalo kwiskimu sokusebenza kwe-TGD kuya kuba yindlela yokunciphisa ukukhusela ukuzala kwe-FMCC. Kuye kwabonakaliswa ukuba ukuphumeza izikhukula ezenziwe ngabantu njengenxalenye yokusebenza kwe-TGD kuphucula impumelelo yokuzala ye-FMCC kwimimandla esezantsi (Xiao et al., 2022). Ukususela ngo-2011, kuye kwacwangciswa imizamo emininzi yokukhuthaza indlela yokuzala ye-FMCC ukuze kuncitshiswe ukwehla kwe-FMCC evela kuMlambo iYangtze. Kufunyaniswe ukuba isantya samanzi esibangela ukuba i-FMCC izale sisusela kwi-1.11 ukuya kwi-1.49 m/s (Cao et al., 2022), kunye nesantya sokuhamba esifanelekileyo se-1.31 m/s sachongwa ukuze kuqalwe i-FMCC kwimilambo (Chen et al., 2021a). Nangona isantya samanzi sidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuzaleni i-FMCC, kukho ukunqongophala okuphawulekayo kophando malunga nendlela yokusebenza komzimba esisiseko sempendulo yokuzala kwendalo kwimijelo yendalo.