Urhulumente waseIndiya ubhengeze isicwangciso esinamabhongo sokufaka izinzwa zemitha yelanga kwinqanaba elikhulu kulo lonke elaseIndiya ukuphucula ukubekwa esweni kunye nokulawulwa kwemithombo yamandla elanga. Eli nyathelo lijolise ekukhuthazeni ngakumbi uphuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo e-Indiya, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane welanga kunye nokuxhasa injongo karhulumente yokuvelisa ama-50% ombane uwonke ovela kwimithombo ehlaziyekayo ngowama-2030.
Imvelaphi yeprojekthi kunye neenjongo
Njengelinye lamazwe akhokelayo kwihlabathi ekuveliseni umbane welanga, iIndiya inezixhobo ezityebileyo zamandla elanga. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeyantlukwano yeemeko zejografi nezemozulu, kukho iyantlukwano ebalulekileyo kubukhulu bemitha yelanga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibeka imingeni ekubekweni nasekusebenzeni kwezikhululo zamandla elanga. Ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye kulawule imithombo yamandla elanga, i-Indian Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) igqibe ekubeni ifakele uthungelwano lwezixhobo zovavanyo lwemitha yelanga kwilizwe lonke.
Iinjongo eziphambili zeprojekthi ziquka:
1. Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kovavanyo lobutyebi belanga:
Ngokubeka iliso kwidatha yemitha yelanga ngexesha lokwenyani, inceda oorhulumente kunye namashishini anxulumeneyo ukuba bavavanye ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi amandla elanga kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, ukuze kwandiswe indawo kunye noyilo lwezikhululo zamandla elanga.
2. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla elanga:
Inethiwekhi yesivamvo iya kubonelela ngedatha yemitha yelanga echaneke kakhulu ukunceda iinkampani zokuvelisa amandla ukukhulisa i-Angle kunye noyilo lweepaneli zelanga kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla.
3. Ukuxhasa uphuhliso nocwangciso lomgaqo-nkqubo:
Urhulumente uza kusebenzisa idatha eqokelelwe luthungelwano loluvo ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo yenzululwazi yamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nezicwangciso zokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo loshishino lwelanga.
Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kunye nenkqubela phambili
Le projekthi ikhokelwa nguMphathiswa waseIndiya waMandla amatsha naVuselelekayo kwaye iphunyezwa ngentsebenziswano nenani lamaziko ophando kunye neenkampani zabucala. Ngokwesicwangciso, izivamvo zokuqala zokusasazeka kwemitha yelanga ziya kufakwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezizayo, zibandakanya iindawo ezininzi eziphambili zamandla elanga emantla, entshona nakumazantsi eIndiya.
Okwangoku, iqela leprojekthi liqalise ukufakwa kweenzwa kwiindawo ezityebileyo zelanga zaseRajasthan, Karnataka naseGujarat. Ezi zivamvo ziya kubeka iliso kwiiparamitha eziphambili ezifana nobukhulu bemitha yelanga, ubushushu kunye nokufuma ngexesha langempela kwaye zigqithise idatha kwisiseko sedatha esisembindini ukuze sihlalutywe.
Itekhnoloji kunye nentsha
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kunye nedatha yexesha lokwenyani, iprojekthi ithatha itekhnoloji yovavanyo lwelanga lwelanga. Ezi zinzwa zibonakaliswa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuzinza okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kwaye kunokusebenza kakuhle kwiimeko zemozulu ezinzima. Ukongeza, le projekthi iphinde yazisa i-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT) kunye netekhnoloji yekhompyuter yefu ukufezekisa ukuhanjiswa okude kunye nolawulo oluphakathi kwedatha.
Iinzuzo zentlalo nezoqoqosho
Ukusekwa kothungelwano lwenzwa yemitha yelanga akuyi kunceda nje ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kokuveliswa kwamandla elanga, kodwa kuzisa neenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zentlalo nezoqoqosho:
1. Khuthaza ingqesho:
Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kuya kudala inani elikhulu lemisebenzi, kubandakanywa ukufakwa kwenzwa, ukugcinwa kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha.
2. Ukukhuthaza ukusungulwa kweteknoloji:
Ukuphunyezwa kweprojekthi kuya kukhuthaza uphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha boluvo lwelanga kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso lwamakhonkco emizi-mveliso anxulumeneyo.
3. Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni:
Ngokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla elanga, iprojekthi iya kunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-fossil kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, igalelo kwinjongo yaseIndiya yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
Impembelelo yeprojekthi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseIndiya
Iimeko zejografi kunye nemozulu yaseIndiya ziyahluka kwaye kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo ngokwemithombo yamandla elanga. Ukusekwa kothungelwano lwe-solar radiation sensor network kuya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kuphuhliso lwamandla elanga kwezi ndawo. Oku kulandelayo yimpembelelo yeprojekthi kwimimandla emininzi emikhulu yaseIndiya:
1. Rajasthan
Isishwankathelo sempembelelo:
IRajasthan yenye yezona ndawo zityebileyo ngelanga eIndiya, enentlango enkulu kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okuninzi. Lo mmandla unesakhono esikhulu sokuvelisa umbane welanga, kodwa ukwajongene nemiceli mngeni yeemeko zemozulu ezimandundu ezifana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nezaqhwithi zothuli.
Impembelelo ethile:
Lungiselela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla: Ngedatha yexesha langempela elinikezelwe ngababonisi, iijeneretha zamandla zinokuhlengahlengisa ngokuchanekileyo i-Angle kunye nokwakheka kweepaneli zelanga ukuze zijamelane nefuthe lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nothuli, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa amandla okuvelisa amandla.
Uvavanyo lwezibonelelo: Uthungelwano lwe-sensor luya kunceda oorhulumente kunye neenkampani kummandla ukuba benze uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwezixhobo zelanga, ukugqiba indawo efanelekileyo yezikhululo zamandla, kwaye uphephe inkcitho yemithombo.
Ubuchule obutsha beTekhnoloji: Ukuphendula kwiimeko zemozulu ezibi kakhulu, iprojekthi iya kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha bokumelana nobushushu kunye nesanti ekwazi ukumelana nesanti kwingingqi kwaye ikhuthaze ukusungulwa kwetekhnoloji.
2. Karnataka
Isishwankathelo sempembelelo:
I-Karnataka, ekumazantsi eIndiya, izityebi kwimithombo yamandla elanga, kwaye ishishini lamandla elanga liye laphuhla ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Iiprojekthi zombane welanga kummandla zigxile ikakhulu kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni nangaphakathi elizweni ezineemeko zemozulu epholileyo.
Impembelelo ethile:
Ukuphucula ukuthembeka kokuveliswa kwamandla: Inethiwekhi yenzwa iya kubonelela ngedatha yemitha yelanga echanekileyo yokunceda iinkampani zokuvelisa amandla ziqikelele ngcono kwaye ziphendule utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kokuveliswa kwamandla.
Ukuxhasa ukuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo: Urhulumente uya kusebenzisa idatha eqokelelwe yi-sensor network ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo yenzululwazi yophuhliso lwamandla elanga ukuxhasa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo loshishino lwelanga kummandla.
Ukukhuthaza ibhalansi yengingqi: Ngokulungisa ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla elanga, inethiwekhi yenzwa iya kunceda ukunciphisa umsantsa kuphuhliso lwamandla elanga phakathi kweKarnataka kunye neminye imimandla kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso olulinganayo lwengingqi.
3. IsiGujarat
Isishwankathelo sempembelelo:
UGujarat nguvulindlela kuphuhliso lwamandla elanga eIndiya, kunye neeprojekthi ezininzi zombane welanga. Lo mmandla utyebile ngamandla elanga, kodwa ukwajongene nocelomngeni lokuna kwemvula enkulu ngexesha leemvula ezinkulu.
Impembelelo ethile:
Ukujongana nemiceli mngeni ye-monsoon: Inethiwekhi ye-sensor iya kubonelela ngedatha yemozulu yexesha langempela ukunceda abavelisi bamandla bamelane ngcono nemvula kunye nekhava yelifu ngexesha lexesha le-monsoon, ukwandisa izicwangciso zesizukulwana kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko yesizukulwana.
Ukuphuculwa kweziseko zophuhliso: Ukuxhasa ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-sensor, i-Gujarat iya kuphucula ngakumbi isiseko sombane welanga, kubandakanywa uxhulumaniso lwegridi kunye namaqonga olawulo lwedatha, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenza.
Ukukhuthaza ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu: Iprojekthi iya kukhuthaza uluntu lwasekuhlaleni ukuba luthathe inxaxheba ekulawuleni nasekusetyenzisweni kwemithombo yamandla elanga, nokwandisa ulwazi loluntu kunye nenkxaso yokuvuselela amandla ngemfundo noqeqesho.
4. Uttar Pradesh
Isishwankathelo sempembelelo:
I-Uttar Pradesh yenye yezona ndawo zinabantu abaninzi eIndiya, enoqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nemfuno enkulu yamandla. Lo mmandla utyebile kubutyebi bamandla elanga, kodwa inani kunye nesikali seeprojekthi zombane welanga kusafuneka ziphuculwe.
Impembelelo ethile:
Ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwelanga: Uthungelwano lwenzwa luya kunceda urhulumente kunye namashishini ukuba enze uvavanyo olubanzi lwezixhobo zelanga e-Uttar Pradesh, ukutyhala ukufika kweeprojekthi zamandla elanga, kunye nokwandisa ukugubungela ilanga.
Ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwamandla: Ngokuphuhlisa amandla elanga, i-Uttar Pradesh iya kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwayo kumafutha emveli, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwamandla kunye neendleko zamandla aphantsi.
Khuthaza uphuhliso loqoqosho: Uphuhliso loshishino lwelanga luya kuqhuba impumelelo yekhonkco lemizi-mveliso elinxulumeneyo, lidale inani elikhulu lemisebenzi, kwaye likhuthaze uphuhliso loqoqosho lwasekhaya.
5. IsiTamil Nadu
Isishwankathelo sempembelelo:
ITamil Nadu yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zophuhliso lwamandla elanga eIndiya, kunye neeprojekthi ezininzi zombane welanga. Lo mmandla utyebile kwimithombo yamandla elanga, kodwa ukwajongene neempembelelo zemozulu yaseLwandle.
Impembelelo ethile:
Ukuphucula impendulo yemozulu yolwandle: Inethiwekhi yenzwa iya kubonelela ngedatha yemozulu yexesha langempela ukunceda abavelisi bamandla baphendule ngcono kwiimpembelelo zemozulu yolwandle, kubandakanya impepho yolwandle kunye nesitshizi setyuwa, kunye nokwandisa ukugcinwa kwepaneli yelanga kunye nolawulo.
Ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezibuko ezihlaza: Ichweba laseTamil Nadu liya kusebenzisa idatha evela kwinethiwekhi yenzwa ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo zombane zelanga ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezibuko eziluhlaza kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Ukuphucula intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe: iTamil Nadu iya kusebenzisa idatha evela kwinethiwekhi yenzwa ukuqinisa intsebenziswano kunye namaziko ophando lwamazwe ngamazwe ophando lwamandla elanga ukuqhuba uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla elanga.
Intsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente namashishini
Urhulumente waseIndiya uthe uzakuyikhuthaza ngenkuthalo intsebenziswano phakathi kukarhulumente kunye namashishini, kwaye akhuthaze amashishini abucala ukuba athathe inxaxheba kulwakhiwo kunye nolawulo lothungelwano lwemitha yelanga. “Siyazamkela zonke iinkampani ezinomdla ekukhuthazeni amandla avuselelekayo ukuba zihlanganyele nathi kwaye zibe negalelo kwikamva eliluhlaza eIndiya,” utshilo umphathiswa waMandla amatsha kunye naMandla aVuselelwayo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukusekwa kwe-solar radiation sensor network iphawula inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwintsimi yamandla avuselelekayo eIndiya. Ngokubeka iliso ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawulwa kwemithombo yelanga, i-Indiya iya kuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kokuveliswa kwamandla elanga, ibeka isiseko esiluqilima sokufikelela kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-23-2025