Ukususela ekujongeni ukuphefumla komhlaba ukuya kwizilumkiso zezinambuzane kwangethuba, idatha yegesi engabonakaliyo iba sisondlo esitsha esibaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo zanamhlanje
Ngentsimbi yesi-5 kusasa kumasimi elettuce eSalinas Valley yaseCalifornia, sele kukho iseti yeenzwa ezincinci kunesundu ezisebenza. Azilinganisi ukufuma okanye zijonge ubushushu; endaweni yoko, “ziphefumla” ngononophelo—zihlalutya i-carbon dioxide, i-nitrous oxide, kunye ne-trace volatile organic compounds ephuma emhlabeni. Le datha yegesi engabonakaliyo idluliselwa ngexesha langempela nge-Intanethi yezinto kwithebhulethi yomlimi, yenze “i-electrocardiogram” enamandla yempilo yomhlaba.
Le asiyonto yesayensi engeyonyani kodwa yinguquko eqhubekayo yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhlola igesi kwezolimo ezikrelekrele kwihlabathi liphela. Ngelixa iingxoxo zisagxile ekunkcenkcesheleni ukonga amanzi kunye nophando lwentsimi yeedrone, utshintsho lwezolimo oluchanekileyo nolujonge phambili luye lwangena ngokuzolileyo kuyo yonke imiphefumlo yomhlaba.
I. Ukusuka kwiKhabhoni ekhutshwayo ukuya kuLawulo lweKhabhoni: Umsebenzi oMbini weeSensors zeGesi
Ulimo lwemveli lumthombo obalulekileyo weegesi ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba, apho i-nitrous oxide (N₂O) evela kwimisebenzi yolawulo lomhlaba inamandla okufudumala ngokuphindwe ka-300 kune-CO₂. Ngoku, izinzwa zegesi ezichanekileyo ziguqula ukukhutshwa kwegesi okungacacanga kube yidatha echanekileyo.
Kwiiprojekthi ze-greenhouse ezikrelekrele eNetherlands, ii-sensors ze-CO₂ ezisasazwe zidibene neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezongezelelweyo. Xa ukufundwa kwee-sensor kwehla ngaphantsi koluhlu olufanelekileyo lwe-photosynthesis yezityalo, inkqubo ikhupha ngokuzenzekelayo i-CO₂ eyongezelelweyo; xa amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu, umoya uyasebenza. Le nkqubo ifikelele ekunyukeni kwesivuno se-15-20% ngelixa inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla malunga ne-25%.
“Besisoloko siqikelela ngokusekelwe kumava; ngoku idatha isixelela inyaniso ngalo lonke ixesha,” watsho njalo umlimi weetamatisi waseDatshi kwinqaku le-LinkedIn lobuchwephesha. “Iinzwa zegesi zifana nokufaka ‘isixhobo sokujonga i-metabolic’ kwi-greenhouse.”
II. Ngaphaya Kwesiko: Indlela Idatha Yegesi Ebonelela Ngayo Ngezilumkiso Zezinambuzane Kwangethuba Kwaye Iphucula Ukuvunwa
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi kudlulela ngaphaya kolawulo lokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Uphando lubonisa ukuba xa izityalo zihlaselwa zizinambuzane okanye ziphantsi koxinzelelo, zikhupha iikhompawundi ezithile ze-volatible organic (VOCs), ezifana "nomqondiso woxinzelelo" wesityalo.
Isidiliya e-Australia sisebenzise inethiwekhi yesenzi sokujonga i-VOC. Xa isenzi sifumanisa iipatheni ezithile zokudibanisa igesi ezibonisa umngcipheko wokubola, inkqubo yabonelela ngezilumkiso kwangethuba, ivumela ukungenelela okujoliswe kuko ngaphambi kokuba isifo sibonakale, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesikhunta nge-40%.
KwiYouTube, ividiyo yesayensi enesihloko esithi"Ukunuka Isivuno: Indlela IiSensors ze-Ethylene Ezimisela Ngayo Ixesha Elifanelekileyo Lokukhetha"ifumene imibono engaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2. Ibonisa ngokucacileyo indlela izinzwa zegesi ze-ethylene, ngokujonga uxinano lwale "hormone yokuvuthwa," ezilawula ngokuchanekileyo imeko-bume yekhonkco lokubanda ngexesha lokugcina nokuthuthwa kweebhanana kunye nama-apile, kunciphisa ilahleko emva kokuvunwa ukusuka kumyinge weshishini we-30% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-15%.
III. 'Umgcini-zincwadi weMethane' kwiRanchi: Izivamvo zegesi Amandla Ukulima imfuyo okuzinzileyo
Ukulima imfuyo kubangela inxalenye enkulu yokukhutshwa kwegesi kwihlabathi liphela, apho i-methane evela ekuvuthweni kwe-enteric kwiinkomo ingumthombo ophambili. Namhlanje, kwiifama eziphambili eIreland naseNew Zealand, kuvavanywa uhlobo olutsha lwe-ambient methane sensor.
Ezi sensors zifakwa kwiindawo zokungenisa umoya kwiindawo zokugcina umoya nakwiindawo ezibalulekileyo emadlelweni, zisoloko zijonga ubuninzi be-methane. Idatha ayisetyenziselwa kuphela ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint kodwa ikwadibaniswa nesoftware yokwenza ukutya. Xa idatha yokukhupha umoya ibonisa ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga, inkqubo ikhuthaza ukujonga umlinganiselo wokutya okanye impilo yomhlambi, nto leyo efezekisa impumelelo kuzo zombini iindlela zokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezolimo. Izifundo ezinxulumene noko, ezikhutshwe kwifomathi yoxwebhu kwiVimeo, zifumene ingqalelo enkulu kuluntu lwe-ag-tech.
IV. Intsimi yeDatha kwiMidiya yoLuntu: Ukusuka kwiSixhobo soBugcisa ukuya kwiMfundo kaRhulumente
Olu guquko "lwe-digital olfaction" lukwabangela iingxoxo kwimidiya yoluntu. Kwi-Twitter, phantsi kwee-hashtag ezifana ne-#AgriGasTech kunye ne-#SmartSoil, iingcali zezolimo, abavelisi bezinzwa, kunye namaqela okusingqongileyo babelana ngeziganeko zamva nje zehlabathi. I-tweet malunga "nokusebenzisa idatha yezinzwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwesichumiso se-nitrogen nge-50%" ifumene amawaka ee-retweets.
KwiTikTok nakwiFacebook, abalimi basebenzisa iividiyo ezimfutshane ukuthelekisa ngokubonakalayo ukukhula kwesityalo kunye neendleko zokufaka ngaphambi nasemva kokusebenzisa izinzwa, okwenza ubuchwepheshe obuntsonkothileyo bubonakale kwaye buqondakale. I-Pinterest inee-infographics ezininzi ezibonisa ngokucacileyo iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kunye nokuhamba kwedatha yezinzwa zegesi kwezolimo, nto leyo eba zizinto ezidumileyo kootitshala nakubantu abanxibelelana nesayensi.
V. Imingeni kunye neKamva: Ukuya kwiZolimo eziLungileyo eziqondayo ngokupheleleyo
Nangona kukho amathuba amahle, imingeni isekho: uzinzo lwexesha elide lwezinzwa, indawo kunye nokulinganiswa kweemodeli zedatha, kunye neendleko zotyalo-mali lokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko iindleko zobuchwepheshe bezinzwa zihla kwaye iimodeli zohlalutyo lwedatha ye-AI zikhula, ukujonga igesi kuyaguquka ukusuka kwizicelo zenqaku elinye ukuya kwikamva elidibeneyo nelidibeneyo.
Ifama ekrelekrele yexesha elizayo iya kuba yinethiwekhi edibeneyo yezinzwa zamanzi, umhlaba, igesi kunye nemifanekiso, kunye nokwenza "iwele ledijithali" lomhlaba wezolimo, ebonisa imeko yawo ye-physiological ngexesha langempela kwaye ivumela ezolimo ezichanekileyo nezihambelana nemozulu.
Isiphelo:
Uphuhliso lwezolimo luye lwaphucuka ukusuka ekuthembeleni kwikamva ukuya ekusebenziseni amandla amanzi, ukusuka kuguquko lwemishini ukuya kuguquko oluluhlaza, kwaye ngoku lungena kwixesha loguquko lwedatha. Izinzwa zegesi, njengenye "yeemvakalelo" zayo ezibukhali, zisivumela okokuqala ukuba "sive" umoya womhlaba kwaye "sinuke" ukungxola kwezityalo. Oko zizisayo akupheleli nje ekukhuleni kwesivuno kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya kodwa yindlela enzulu nehambelanayo yokuthetha nomhlaba. Njengoko idatha iba sisichumiso esitsha, isivuno siya kuba likamva elizinzileyo ngakumbi.
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-19-2025