Kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo apho ezolimo zanamhlanje zisiya kumgangatho ochanekileyo nophuhliso oluzinzileyo, izinto ezichaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo azisekho kubushushu bemveli, ukukhanya, amanzi kunye nomoya. Izinto ezixutyiweyo (PM2.5/PM10) emoyeni, njengohlobo olutsha lokuguquguquka kwendalo oluchaphazela i-physiology yezityalo, ukusasazeka kwezinambuzane nezifo, kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zezolimo, zifumana ingqwalasela engakaze ibonwe. Inkampani yeHONDE iqalise ngenkuthalo isikhululo semozulu esihlakaniphileyo se-Agri-Air, esidibanisa okokuqala ngqa ngaphandle komthungo imilinganiselo emithathu ephambili yokusingqongileyo: ubushushu bomoya kunye nokufuma, uxinano lwe-PM2.5/PM10, kunye nokukhanya kwelanga kube yinto enye, yakha inkqubo ebanzi yokubeka esweni kunye nenkxaso yezigqibo kwezolimo zanamhlanje ukusuka "kwimozulu" ukuya "kwimeko yomoya".
I. Uphuhliso lweTekhnoloji: Ukuhlanganiswa kweMbono yeNdalo kwiBathathu Emnye
Isikhululo semozulu siphule umda wesiqhelo wezikhululo zemozulu zezolimo kwaye safumana ukuqonda ngokubambisana ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokudibanisa iisensor ezininzi.
Umongo wemozulu ochanekileyo kakhulu: Ukubeka iliso kubushushu bomoya kunye nokufuma ukuze kuqondwe ubushushu kunye neemeko zokufuma ukuze kufumaneke ukuphefumla kwezityalo kunye nokuvela kwezifo.
Iyunithi yokujonga ukukhanya yobungcali: Ilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo imitha esebenzayo nge-photosynthetically (PAR) kunye nemitha iyonke, ilinganisa "ukutya kwamandla okukhanya" kwezityalo.
Imodyuli yokujonga izinto ezithile zezolimo: Isebenzisa umgaqo wokusasazwa nge-laser, ijonga ngokuchanekileyo ubuninzi be-PM2.5 kunye ne-PM10, inika idatha ethe ngqo yokuvavanya iingozi "zokubekwa komoya" kunye "nezifo ezisasazeka emoyeni".
Ii. Ixabiso Eliphambili Lokusetyenziswa: Ukusuka Ekuphuculeni Ukukhula ukuya Ekuthinteleni Nokulawula Umngcipheko
Ulawulo olulungelelanisiweyo lokukhanya, ubushushu kunye nokufuma
Ezi zixhobo zibonelela ngenkxaso esisiseko esekwe kulwazi lokusingqongileyo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo ezikrelekrele kunye nokulima izityalo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezivulekileyo.
Ukukhanya okongeziweyo okukrelekrele kunye nomthunzi: Ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso e-PAR exesha langempela, ingadibanisa izibane ezongezelelweyo okanye iinethi zomthunzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zifumana amandla okukhanya angcono kakhulu ngeentsuku zemvula okanye ebusika, kwaye ziphephe ukucinezelwa kokukhanya ngexesha lokukhanya okunamandla ehlotyeni.
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokusingqongileyo: Ngokusekelwe kwidatha yobushushu kunye nokufuma, iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya, ukufutha okanye zokufudumeza zilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze kudalwe i-microclimate efanelekileyo yokukhula kwesityalo, okulindeleke ukuba yonyuse imveliso yezolimo zezakhiwo nge-10-25%.
2. Uhlalutyo lweMpembelelo kwezolimo kunye neMpendulo yeZinto eziNcinci (PM2.5/PM10)
Eli ligalelo eliguqukayo kwinkqubo yezolimo, elisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo ye-Photosynthesis kunye nococeko lwezityalo: Ukubekwa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo kakhulu kunokugubungela amagqabi, kuvale i-stomata, kwaye kuchaphazele ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis. Idatha yokubeka esweni rhoqo inokulinganisa ubungakanani beziganeko zongcoliseko ezichaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kwaye ikhokele ukwamkelwa kweendlela zokulungisa ezifana nokutshiza kunye nokucoca.
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko wokudluliselwa kwesifo emoyeni: Uphando lubonisa ukuba ii-spores ezithile zezifo zezityalo zinokunamathela kwi-small particles kwaye zisasazeke kumgama omde. Ukubeka esweni ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo lwe-small particles, kunye nedatha yendlela yomoya, kunokusebenza njengesalathisi esincedisayo sokulumkisa kwangethuba ngokusasazeka kwezifo ezithile (ezifana nomhlwa kunye ne-powdery mildew).
Ukhuseleko lwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho: Kwizityalo ezifana neti kunye nemifuno enokungcoliswa luthuli, idatha yokubeka esweni inokunceda ekulungiseleleni ukuvunwa ngaphambi kokuba kubekho incopho yongcoliseko okanye ukuvavanya imfuneko yokucocwa, ukuqinisekisa ucoceko kunye nexabiso lemveliso yezolimo.
3. Imveliso eluhlaza eqhutywa yidatha kunye nokulandeleka kwayo
Le nkqubo ivelisa ifayile epheleleyo yokusingqongileyo kuquka umgangatho womoya, inika inkxaso yedatha engenakutshintshwa yokwakha uphawu lwemveliso yezolimo "eluhlaza necocekileyo". Le datha ingasetyenziswa ku:
Iirekhodi zezolimo ezichanekileyo: Zingqina ukuba yonke inkqubo yemveliso yenziwe kwindawo enomoya opholileyo.
Ukujongana neengxaki zokusingqongileyo: Xa kwenzeka iziganeko zongcoliseko lomoya ngequbuliso (ezifana nezivuthuvuthu zesanti nothuli lwemizi-mveliso), nika ubungqina obungakhethi cala bokusingqongileyo ukuze uvavanye ilahleko kwaye ukhokele amabango e-inshorensi.
Iingenelo zeNkqubo kunye nemisebenzi yobukrelekrele
Uyilo oludibeneyo oludibeneyo: Ukhuseleko olukumgangatho wemizi-mveliso (IP65), umbane welanga, uthumelo olungenazingcingo (4G/LoRa), ukusasazwa okuguquguqukayo, okufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana namasimi, iziqhamo, kunye neegadi zeti.
Iqonga Lesilumkiso Sasekuqaleni Elikrelekrele: Abasebenzisi banokwenza ngokwezifiso imithetho ye-alamu kwiqonga lefu le-HONDE. Umzekelo: “Xa i-PM10 ingaphezulu kwe-150μg/m³ iiyure ezimbini ezilandelelanayo kwaye isantya somoya singaphantsi kwe-2m/s, thumela i-alamu ethi ‘Umngcipheko Omkhulu wokuthula kothuli’”, okanye “Xa ukukhanya kuphantsi kunendawo yokuhlawula ukukhanya kwe-crop kwaye imvula ihlala ina, khawuleza ukhanyise ngakumbi”.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha enzulu: Idatha yokusingqongileyo inokunxulunyaniswa nezinzwa zomhlaba kunye nedatha yenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ukuze kwenziwe imodeli yedijithali ehlanganisiweyo "yesithuba-umhlaba-umoya" yomhlaba wokulima opheleleyo.
Iv. Ityala Elibalulekileyo: Ubuchwepheshe Bukhusela Ezolimo Ezicocekileyo
Kwisiseko esithile semveliso yemifuno yendalo esikumgangatho ophezulu, isikhululo semozulu esikrelekrele se-HONDE sibekwe kwindawo ephambili yokutyala. Ngokujonga ikota yemveliso, umphathi ufumanise ukuba:
Kwindawo apho umoya uvuthuza khona, xa ubuninzi be-PM2.5 bunyuka, izinga lokunamathela kongcoliseko kumphezulu wemifuno enamagqabi kule ndawo liphezulu kakhulu kunakwindawo apho umoya uvuthuza khona.
Ngexesha lemozulu yesanti nothuli entwasahlobo, ubuninzi be-PM10 banda kakhulu. Inkqubo yakhupha isilumkiso ngokukhawuleza, kwaye isiseko saqalisa ngoko nangoko umsebenzi wokucoca igadi epheleleyo.
Ngokusekelwe kwidatha, bahlengahlengise izicwangciso zokutyala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (bebeka imifuno enamagqabi enokungcoliswa kakhulu kwicala elinomoya) baza bamisela iinkqubo zokusebenza ezingxamisekileyo zemozulu engcolisiweyo. Eli nyathelo linciphise iindleko zokucoca imifuno emva kokuvunwa malunga ne-15%, kwaye izinga lezikhalazo ezivela kubathengi malunga nokucoceka kwemveliso liye lehla laya phantse kwi-zero, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu udumo lophawu.
Isiphelo
Ukuzalwa kwesikhululo semozulu esikrelekrele se-HONDE kuphawula ixesha elitsha nelijonge phambili ekulawuleni imeko-bume yemveliso yezolimo. Asikuko nje isixhobo sokujonga, kodwa sikwayindawo ekrelekrele yezolimo edibanisa imisebenzi "ye-climate optimizer", "igosa lesilumkiso sesifo kwangethuba" kunye "nomlondolozi womgangatho". Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje apho utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nemingeni yongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo zikhoyo, inika abalimi isixhobo sedatha esinamandla sokuhamba kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ukufezekisa imveliso ecocekileyo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho weemveliso zezolimo, iguqula ngokwenene inzuzo yokusingqongileyo "yeentaba eziluhlaza kunye namanzi acocekileyo" ibe yixabiso lemveliso kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike "lweentaba zegolide nesilivere".
Malunga neHONDE: Njengenkokeli entsha kwezolimo ezikrelekrele kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuqonda okusingqongileyo, iHONDE isoloko izibophelele ekuguquleni ezona teknoloji zokubeka esweni ezisemgangathweni zibe zizisombululo ezisebenzayo ezikhonza umgca ophambili wemveliso yezolimo. Sikholelwa ukuba ukuqonda okunzulu nokubanzi ngakumbi imeko yokukhula yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekwakheni inkqubo yezolimo ezinzileyo neyomeleleyo kwixesha elizayo.
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-08-2025