Namhlanje, njengoko ezolimo zitshintsha kakhulu ukusuka “kumphezulu” ukuya “kwindawo ethile”, iingxaki kwisivuno sezityalo, umahluko kumgangatho, kunye nokuchithwa kwesichumiso namanzi kudla ngokuvela kulwazi lwethu oluncinci “lwe-canteen” yeengcambu zezityalo. Ukubeka iliso kumhlaba onganzulu ngokwesiko akusakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zolimo zanamhlanje ezinemveliso ephezulu, ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezizinzileyo. I-sensor ye-probe soil multi-parameter ye-HONDE engama-30 centimeter ubude idibanisa amandla okubeka iliso ahambelanayo azo zonke izinto ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, ityuwa (EC), i-pH, kunye ne-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-potassium (NPK). Ifana “ne-probe echanekileyo” efakwe emhlabeni, ivumela abalimi okokuqala ukuba babone ngokucacileyo “imephu yempilo” epheleleyo yomaleko oyintloko wokufunxa izondlo kwizityalo.
I. Uphuhliso lweTekhnoloji: Iprobe enye, ilebhu epheleleyo yenkqubo yeengcambu
Le probe inobude obuziisentimitha ezingama-30 idibanisa ii-microelectronics zanamhlanje kunye neetekhnoloji zokuva. Ixabiso layo eliphambili likwindibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yobunzulu kunye nokudibanisa:
Ubunzulu obuphakathi kwengcambu: Ngobunzulu bokulinganisa obuziisentimitha ezingama-30, bugubungela ngokuchanekileyo iindawo eziphambili zokusasazwa kweengcambu ezisebenzayo zezona zityalo zininzi zasemasimini (ezifana nombona, ingqolowa, nomqhaphu) kunye nezityalo zezityalo (ukuba ngumthi, idiliya). Idatha yokubeka esweni ayisekho nje "umphezulu" ongaphezulu, kodwa ibonisa ngokuthe ngqo imeko yokwenyani yendawo "yokutya" yezityalo.
Ukulinganisa okulinganayo kwesixhenxe kwisinye: Ukufakwa kube kanye, ngaxeshanye fumana izalathisi ezisi-7 eziphambili
Ubushushu bomhlaba: Buchaphazela amandla eengcambu, izinga lokufunxwa kwezondlo kunye nomsebenzi weentsholongwane.
Umthamo wamanzi omthamo: Ubonakalisa ngqo amanzi akhoyo kwinkqubo yeengcambu kwaye ukhokela ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuqhuba kombane: Kuchaza ubungakanani betyuwa yomhlaba kwaye kulumkisa ngomngcipheko wokufakwa kwetyuwa.
I-Ph: Imisela ukufumaneka kwezondlo kunye nempilo yeentsholongwane zomhlaba.
Umthamo weNitrogen, iphosphorus kunye nepotassium: Uphuhliso oluphambili, ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo amandla ezondlo ezikhoyo, ukufikelela "ekutyeni ngokwemifuno kunye nokuchumisa njengoko kufuneka".
Ii. Imeko zeSicelo: Ukusuka “kuLawulo oluNgacwangciswanga” ukuya “ekwenzeni izigqibo kwinqanaba lePixel”
"Ingqondo ekrelekrele" yenkqubo yamanzi kunye nesichumiso esidibeneyo
Kwinkqubo yokunkcenkceshela ngamanzi kunye nenkqubo yokuchumisa edibeneyo, esi senzwa sisisiseko solawulo oluvaliweyo. Inkqubo inokulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo umthamo wokunkcenkceshela kunye nefomyula yesichumiso ngokusekelwe kwidatha ejongiweyo ngexesha langempela yomswakama, umxholo wetyuwa kunye ne-NPK.
Ukulondolozwa kwamanzi: Ngokuphepha ukuvuza kwezondlo okubangelwa kukunkcenkceshela kakhulu, kuqikelelwa ukuba amanzi anokusindiswa ngama-20-35%.
Ukulondolozwa kwesichumiso: Isongezelelo kuphela xa i-NPK ifunyenwe ingaphantsi komda, nto leyo efezekisa "ukongeza oko kuswelekileyo", kwaye kulindeleke ukuba kunciphise ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso nge-15-30%.
Ukuphuculwa komgangatho: Ukubonelela ngezondlo ngokulinganayo kunceda ekuphuculeni umxholo weswekile, umbala kunye nokufana kweziqhamo.
2. Ulawulo lwempilo yomhlaba kunye nokulungiswa kwemiqobo
Isilumkiso sakwangoko sokungalingani kwe-asidi-base: Ukubeka esweni ixesha elide utshintsho lwexabiso le-pH kunokukhokela ukusetyenziswa kwezilungisi zomhlaba xa umkhwa wokufaka i-asidi okanye i-alkalizing yomhlaba uqala ukubonakala, ukuthintela iingxaki zesondlo ezingenakulungiseka kwizityalo.
Ulawulo lwesibini lwetyuwa: Kwiindawo zokulima nakwimimandla eyomileyo, ixabiso le-EC lijongwa ngexesha langempela. Nje ukuba ifikelele kumda wokunyamezela izityalo, inkqubo ikhupha isilumkiso ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye iqalise inkqubo yokuhlamba ukukhusela inkqubo yeengcambu.
Uvavanyo lokuchuma komhlaba: Ngokujonga ixesha elide utshintsho lwendawo kunye nexesha le-NPK, imephu yokuchuma komhlaba izotywe ukuze inike inkxaso ethe ngqo yovavanyo lomhlaba kunye nokuchumisa ifomyula.
3. "Ingcali yezeNdalo yeDijithali" yokudala isivuno esiphezulu
Ukulandeleka komjikelo wokukhula: Nxibelelanisa amaxesha abalulekileyo ezityalo (ezifana nokudibana, ukudubula, kunye nokuzalisa) kunye nedatha ehambelanayo yokusingqongileyo yomaleko wengcambu yomhlaba (ubushushu, amanzi, kunye nesichumisi), misela iimodeli zesivuno esiphezulu, kwaye ufezekise ukuphindaphindwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwemilinganiselo yezolimo.
Inkxaso yesigqibo sokuchumisa ngokuguquguqukayo: Xa idityaniswe noomatshini bezolimo, ibonelela ngedatha yesondlo yexesha langempela kunye neyangaphakathi efunekayo ukuvelisa iimaphu zemiyalelo yokuchumisa ngokuguquguqukayo, ivalelisa kwisikhokelo "sedatha yembali" esisekelwe kwisampuli yomhlaba.
Iii. Ixabiso Eliphambili: Ukubuyiselwa Kathathu Okuqhutywa Yidatha
Iingenelo zoqoqosho: Ngokufaka amanzi ngokuchanekileyo, isichumiso kunye nezibulali zinambuzane (ukunciphisa izifo ezibangelwa ziimeko ezimbi), iindleko zemveliso ziyancitshiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Yandisa ingeniso yokuthengisa ngokuphucula isivuno sezityalo kunye nomgangatho. Ixesha lokubuyisela utyalo-mali lidla ngokuba lixesha lokulima eli-1 ukuya kwelesibini.
Iingenelo zokusingqongileyo: Kunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus okubangelwa kukuchumisa kakhulu, kunciphisa ungcoliseko olungenamda emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba namanzi angaphezulu komhlaba, kwaye sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufezekisa uphuhliso lwezolimo oluluhlaza noluzinzileyo.
Iingenelo zolawulo: Ukwenza lula ulawulo oluntsonkothileyo lomhlaba kunye nesondlo sezityalo lube ziimpendulo kwidatha yedeshibhodi kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumava aphezulu kwaye kuphucula umgangatho kunye nenqanaba lobukrelekrele lolawulo lwefama enkulu.
Iv. Inkxaso yoBugcisa kunye nobuNgcali beDatha
Uyilo lokuthembeka: Iprobe yenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ezikumgangatho wemizi-mveliso, ezinezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezivaliweyo ngokupheleleyo kunye nokhuseleko lwe-IP68, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwiindawo zomhlaba ezimanzi ixesha elide kunye nomhlaba otyebileyo kwi-ion.
Itekhnoloji yokuva ephucukileyo: Ukulinganiswa kwe-NPK kusekelwe kwii-electrodes ezikhethiweyo ze-ion eziphambili okanye imigaqo ye-spectral, kwaye kulinganiswa ngenani elikhulu leesampuli zomhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokulinganiswa kwi-matrices yomhlaba enzima.
Iqonga le-Intanethi yezinto: Idatha idluliselwa ngaphandle kwentambo kwiQonga le-HONDE smart Agriculture cloud nge-4G/NB-IoT, ixhasa uthungelwano lwe-multi-probe, uhlalutyo lwedatha enkulu, isilumkiso sangaphambi kwexesha, kunye nokunxibelelana ngokuzenzekelayo nezixhobo zokunkcenkceshela/zokufaka izichumiso ezikrelekrele.
V. Ubungqina beTyala
Kwifama ehlakaniphileyo eyi-1,000-mu kwiNorth China Plain, inethiwekhi ye-probe ye-HONDE engama-30-centimeter isetyenzisiwe kwinkqubo yokujikeleza umbona wengqolowa wasebusika ukuya ehlotyeni. Ngokusekelwe kwidatha yesensor, le nkqubo isebenzise ngokuchanekileyo isichumiso esinye se-nitrogen ngexesha lesigaba esikhulu se-bell mouth yombona, ithintela ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso esiqhelekileyo esingabonakaliyo kwezichumisi ezimbini. Uthelekiso lweziphumo lubonisa ukuba
Ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwesichumiso se-nitrogen kwehle ngama-22%.
Isivuno sombona sahlala sizinzile, kwaye umxholo weproteni kwiinkozo wanda kancinci.
Ubungakanani obuseleyo be-nitrate nitrogen emhlabeni buncitshiswe ngama-40%, nto leyo eyehlisa kakhulu umngcipheko wongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
Umlimi wathi, “Ngoku ndiyazi apho yonke ipeni yesichumiso iya khona kwaye yintoni kanye kanye eveliswe yiyo.”
Isiphelo
Umhlaba awukwazi ukuthetha, kodwa idatha inokuzithetha. I-HONDE ene-probe engama-30 centimeter-long-parameter multi-parameter sensor yomhlaba iwuphelisile uqikelelo "lwamadoda angaboniyo achukumisa indlovu" malunga nehlabathi elingaphantsi komhlaba kwezolimo. Iguqula i-ecology eyinkimbinkimbi yomaleko weengcambu zesityalo ibe yimijelo yedatha ecacileyo nesebenzayo. Oku akusiyo nje i-sensor; sisitshixo sokuvula ixesha lolawulo oluchanekileyo lomaleko weengcambu. Iphawula inqanaba elitsha kwimveliso yezolimo, apho ingqwalasela itshintshe ukusuka "kwimozulu" "nakumphezulu" ukuya ekuqondeni "imozulu yomhlaba" kunye "nomda weengcambu", ibeka isiseko sedatha esiqinileyo sokufezekisa ezolimo zexesha elizayo ezigcina izixhobo, ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kwaye zivelisa kakhulu.
Malunga neHONDE: Njengenkokeli kwi-intanethi yezolimo yezinto kunye netekhnoloji yokuxilonga umhlaba ngedijithali, iHONDE izibophelele ekuguquleni yonke intshi yomhlaba wezolimo ube yimpahla yedijithali eyaziwayo, elawulekayo nephucukileyo ngesisombululo sobugcisa esipheleleyo "sokubona - ukuqonda - ukwenza izigqibo", okunika amandla utshintsho lwedijithali noluzinzileyo kwezolimo zehlabathi.
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-05-2025