Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente waseIndiya, esebenzisana neenkampani zobuchwepheshe, uye wakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba eziphathwayo, ejolise ekuncedeni abalimi ukuba baphucule izigqibo zokutyala, bandise isivuno sezityalo, kwaye banciphise inkunkuma yezixhobo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obuchanekileyo. Eli phulo lifumene iziphumo ezimangalisayo kumaphondo amaninzi amakhulu ezolimo kwaye libe yimbaluleka ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphucula ezolimo eIndiya.
Imvelaphi: Imingeni ejongene nezolimo
I-India yindawo yesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni evelisa ezolimo, apho ezolimo zithatha malunga ne-15% ye-GDP yayo kwaye zibonelela ngemisebenzi engaphezulu kwama-50%. Nangona kunjalo, imveliso yezolimo e-India ibisoloko ijongene nemingeni emininzi, kuquka ukonakaliswa komhlaba, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa okungafanelekanga kwezichumisi, kunye nemiphumo yotshintsho lwemozulu. Abalimi abaninzi abanazo iindlela zesayensi zokuvavanya umhlaba, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukuchumisa nokunkcenkceshela kungasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye isivuno sesivuno kunzima ukusiphucula.
Ukuphendula ezi ngxaki, urhulumente waseIndiya uchonge iteknoloji yezolimo echanekileyo njengendawo ephambili yophuhliso kwaye ukhuthaze ngamandla ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba eziphathwayo. Ezi zixhobo zinokubona ngokukhawuleza ukufuma komhlaba, i-pH, umxholo wezondlo kunye nezinye izalathisi eziphambili ukunceda abalimi benze izicwangciso zokutyala zesayensi ngakumbi.
Ukuqaliswa kweprojekthi: Ukukhuthaza izixhobo zokuvavanya umhlaba eziphathwa ngesandla
Ngowama-2020, iSebe lezoLimo kunye neNtlalontle yabaLimi laseIndiya, lisebenzisana neenkampani ezininzi zobuchwepheshe, laqalisa inguqulelo ephuculweyo yenkqubo ethi “Soil Health Card” ukuze ifake izixhobo zokuhlola umhlaba eziphathwayo. Ezi zixhobo zokuhlola umhlaba zaphuhliswa ziinkampani zobuchwepheshe zasekuhlaleni, azibizi kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kubalimi abancinci.
Isixhobo sokuvavanya umhlaba esiphathwa ngesandla, ngokufakwa emhlabeni, sinokubonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela emhlabeni kwimizuzu embalwa. Abalimi banokubona iziphumo nge-app yefowuni ehamba nayo baze bafumane iingcebiso zokufaka umgquba kunye nokunkcenkceshela ezenzelwe bona. Le teknoloji ayigcini nje ngokusindisa ixesha kunye neendleko zovavanyo lwelebhu yendabuko, kodwa ikwavumela abalimi ukuba bahlengahlengise ngokuguquguqukayo amaqhinga abo okutyala ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zomhlaba.
Isifundo setyala: Ukuziqhelanisa okuphumelelayo ePunjab
IPunjab yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili eIndiya ezivelisa ukutya kwaye yaziwa ngokulima ingqolowa nerayisi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchumisa kakhulu ixesha elide kunye nokunkcenkceshela okungafanelekanga kukhokelele ekwehleni komgangatho womhlaba, nto leyo echaphazela isivuno sezityalo. Ngo-2021, iSebe lezoLimo lasePunjab lavavanya izixhobo zokuvavanya umhlaba eziphathwa ngesandla kwiilali ezininzi ngeziphumo ezimangalisayo.
UBaldev Singh, umlimi wasekuhlaleni, uthe: “Ngaphambi kokuba sisebenzise isichumiso ngamava, sasichitha isichumiso kwaye umhlaba wawusiba mbi ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ngoku ngale sensor, ndiyakwazi ukubona ukuba umhlaba uswele ntoni kwaye kufuneka ndisebenzise isichumiso esingakanani. Kunyaka ophelileyo ndonyuse imveliso yam yengqolowa ngama-20 ekhulwini kwaye ndanciphisa iindleko zam zesichumiso ngama-30 ekhulwini.”
Izibalo ezivela kwiSebe lezoLimo lasePunjab zibonisa ukuba abalimi abasebenzisa izixhobo zokuva umhlaba eziphathwayo baye banciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso ngomyinge we-15-20 ekhulwini ngelixa benyusa isivuno sezityalo nge-10-25 ekhulwini. Esi siphumo asikonyusi nje kuphela ingeniso yabalimi, kodwa sikwanceda ekunciphiseni impembelelo embi yezolimo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Inkxaso karhulumente kunye noqeqesho lwabalimi
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi izixhobo zokuhlola umhlaba eziphathwa ngesandla, urhulumente waseIndiya unikezele ngenkxaso-mali ukuze abalimi bakwazi ukuthenga ezi zixhobo ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ukongeza, urhulumente usebenzisana neenkampani zobuchwepheshe bezolimo ukuqhuba uthotho lweenkqubo zoqeqesho ukunceda abalimi bafunde indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo kunye nendlela yokuphucula iindlela zokutyala ngokusekelwe kwidatha.
UNarendra Singh Tomar, uMphathiswa wezoLimo kunye neNtlalontle yabaLimi, uthe: “Izixhobo zokuva umhlaba eziphathwa ngesandla zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ezolimo zaseIndiya. Azincedanga abalimi kuphela ukwandisa isivuno sabo kunye nengeniso yabo, kodwa zikwakhuthaze ezolimo ezizinzileyo. Siza kuqhubeka nokwandisa ukugubungela obu buchwephesha ukuze sifikelele kubalimi abaninzi.”
Imbono yexesha elizayo: Ukusasazwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwedatha
Izixhobo zokuva umhlaba eziphathwa ngesandla ziye zasetyenziswa kumazwe aliqela ezolimo eIndiya, kuquka iPunjab, iHaryana, i-Uttar Pradesh kunye neGujarat. Urhulumente waseIndiya uceba ukwandisa obu buchwephesha kubalimi abazizigidi ezili-10 kulo lonke ilizwe kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zezixhobo.
Ukongeza, urhulumente waseIndiya uceba ukudibanisa idatha eqokelelwe zizinzwa zomhlaba eziphathwayo kwiQonga leSizwe leDatha yezoLimo ukuxhasa uphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nophando lwezolimo. Eli nyathelo kulindeleke ukuba liphucule ngakumbi inqanaba lobuchwepheshe kunye nokukhuphisana kwezolimo zaseIndiya.
Isiphelo
Ukwaziswa kwezinzwa zomhlaba eziphathwayo eIndiya kubonisa inyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya ngokuchanekileyo nasekuzinzeni kwezolimo zelizwe. Ngokuxhotyiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, abalimi baseIndiya bayakwazi ukusebenzisa izixhobo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bonyuse isivuno ngelixa benciphisa iimpembelelo ezimbi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Eli tyala liphumeleleyo aliboneleli nje kuphela ngamava axabisekileyo okuphucula ezolimo zaseIndiya, kodwa likwamisela umzekelo kwamanye amazwe asaphuhlayo wokukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obuchanekileyo. Ngokusasazwa ngakumbi kwetekhnoloji, iIndiya kulindeleke ukuba ithathe indawo ebaluleke ngakumbi kwicandelo letekhnoloji yezolimo kwihlabathi liphela.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-03-2025