Umhla: 14 kaJanuwari 2025
Ngu: [Yunying]
Indawo: eWashington, DC — Kwinqanaba elitshintshayo kwezolimo zanamhlanje, izixhobo zokuvavanya igesi eziphathwayo ziyasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke elase-United States, ziphucula amandla abalimi okujonga impilo yomhlaba nezityalo, ukulawula izinambuzane, kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo zokuchumisa. Ezi zixhobo ziphambili zibonelela ngokulinganisa ngokukhawuleza, kwangoko iigesi ezifana ne-ammonia (NH3), i-methane (CH4), i-carbon dioxide (CO2), kunye ne-nitrous oxide (N2O), zibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo enokomeleza isivuno kwaye iphucule iindlela zokuzinza.
Ukubaluleka Kokujongwa Kwegesi Kwezolimo
Ukukhutshwa kwegesi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezolimo kunye nempembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, ukukhutshwa kwe-ammonia eninzi kwizichumisi kunokukhokelela ekubeni umhlaba ube ne-asidi kwaye kuchaphazele impilo yezityalo. I-Methane kunye ne-nitrous oxide, iigesi ezinamandla zokutshisa izityalo, zikhutshwa ngexesha leenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zezolimo, kubandakanya ukugaya imfuyo kunye nokuchumisa.
Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu luqinisa umngeni wokuveliswa kokutya, imfuneko yedatha echanekileyo neyangoku ayizange ibe nkulu kangaka. Ukwaziswa kwezinzwa zegesi eziphathwayo kuvumela abalimi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi ezinokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa komoya kwaye ziphucule ulawulo lwezityalo.
Indlela iiSensors zeGesi eziphathwayo ezisebenza ngayo
Izinzwa zegesi eziphathwayo zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-sensor obuphambili, obuhlala busekelwe kwimigaqo yokulinganisa ye-electrochemical okanye ye-optical, ukufumanisa nokulinganisa iigesi ezithile ezikwintsimi. Ezi zixhobo zincinci zibonelela abalimi ngempendulo ekhawulezileyo malunga nobuninzi begesi, nto leyo evumela ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezifana nezi:
Iindlela Zokuchumisa: Abalimi banokujonga amanqanaba e-ammonia ngexesha lokuchumisa ukuze baphephe ukusetyenziswa kakhulu nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya emoyeni.
Uvavanyo lweMpilo yeZityalo: Ngokulinganisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi emhlabeni okanye kwizityalo, abalimi banokuhlola impilo yezityalo baze balungise iindlela zokulawula ngokufanelekileyo.
Ulawulo lweZinambuzane: Izinzwa zegesi zinokubona iikhompawundi ezithile zendalo eziguquguqukayo (ii-VOC) ezikhutshwa zizityalo eziphantsi koxinzelelo, zilumkisa abalimi ngokuhlaselwa zizinambuzane okanye ukuqhambuka kwezifo.
Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye isebenza kakuhle
Izinzwa zegesi eziphathwayo zamva nje zenzelwe ukuba kube lula ukuzisebenzisa, zineendawo ezilula zokunxibelelana kunye noyilo olukhaphukhaphu oluvumela abalimi ukuba baziphathe lula entsimini. Izixhobo ezininzi ziqhagamshela kwiifowuni eziphathwayo okanye iithebhulethi, nto leyo evumela uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye nokubonakala kwayo ngexesha langempela.
“Obu buchwepheshe buye benza umahluko omkhulu kwindlela esijonga ngayo amasimi ethu,” utshilo uLena Carter, umlimi wombona e-Iowa. “Ndingajonga amanqanaba e-ammonia emva nje kokuba ndifake isichumiso endaweni yokulinda iintsuku ukuze ndifumane iziphumo zelebhu. Busonga ixesha kwaye businceda silime ngendlela ezinzileyo.”
Inkxaso-mali kunye neMithetho
ISebe lezoLimo laseMelika (i-USDA) kunye namasebe ahlukeneyo ezolimo karhulumente aya eqonda ukubaluleka kwezi teknoloji. Kusekwa iinkqubo zokunceda ukuxhasa ukuthengwa kwezinzwa zegesi kunye nokubonelela ngoqeqesho malunga nokusetyenziswa kwazo. INkonzo yoLondolozo lweMithombo yeNdalo ye-USDA ikhuthaza ezi nzwa njengesixhobo sabalimi abafuna ukusebenzisa iindlela ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
“Ukusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zegesi eziphathwayo kuluncedo kakhulu kubalimi nakwindalo esingqongileyo,” ucacisa uGqr. Maria Gonzalez, ingcali yezolimo. “Abalimi banokuyiphucula indlela abaqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yabo, ngelixa thina ngaxeshanye sisebenzela ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba kwicandelo lezolimo.”
Imingeni kunye neMigqaliselo yexesha elizayo
Nangona iingenelo zezinzwa zegesi eziphathwayo zicacile, imingeni isekhona. Iindleko zokuqala zinokuba ngumqobo kwabanye abalimi, ingakumbi abo basebenza kwimida emincinci. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ithuba lokufunda njengoko abavelisi beqhela ukudibanisa obu buchwepheshe kwimisebenzi yabo.
Ukujongana nale mingeni, intsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani zobuchwepheshe, iinkonzo zolwandiso lwezolimo, kunye neeyunivesithi ziyavela ukuze zibonelele ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho ezinceda abalimi baqonde indlela yokusebenzisa nokutolika idatha evela kwiisensa zegesi ngokufanelekileyo.
Isiphelo: Ukuvula Indlela Yezolimo Ezizinzileyo
Njengoko abalimi kulo lonke elaseMelika besamkela ngakumbi izixhobo zokuhlola igesi eziphathwa ngesandla, ukukwazi ukujonga nokulawula iindlela zolimo ngexesha langempela kuyayitshintsha indlela elisebenza ngayo ezolimo zanamhlanje. Le teknoloji ayincedi nje kuphela abalimi ukuphucula isivuno sabo sesivuno kodwa ikwabanika amandla okuthatha amanyathelo okuzinza nokugcina indalo.
Ikamva lezolimo liya licaca ngakumbi ngokulinganisa okwenziwayo kweli candelo. Ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yezixhobo zokuhlola igesi kunye nokwanda kwenkxaso yolawulo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ezi zixhobo ziphathwa ngesandla ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufuneni icandelo lezolimo elizinzileyo nelivelisayo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ukuze ufumane okungakumbiizixhobo zokuvavanya igesiulwazi,
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Ixesha leposi: Jan-14-2025