IMfuneko yeHlabathi yeZiva zeMvula yokuKhathalela kweMvula ePhakamileyo phakathi koTshintsho lweMozulu kunye nokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini

Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu luqhubeka nokulungisa iipatheni zemozulu kwihlabathi liphela, imfuno yezisombululo zokujonga imvula ekumgangatho ophezulu iyakhula. Izinto ezinjengokwanda kweziganeko zezikhukula kuMntla Merika, imigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yemozulu ye-EU, kunye nesidingo sokuphuculwa kolawulo lwezolimo e-Asiya ziqhuba le meko kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.

Ukunyuka kweMbango kwiiNgingqi eziphambili

UMntla Melika (eMelika, eKhanada)
KuMntla Melika, imvula yasentwasahlobo iya ixhaphakile, ikhokelela ekunkcenkcesheleni okuphakamileyo kwezolimo kunye neemfuno zokubeka iliso nge-hydrometric. Oorhulumente baphucula iinkqubo zokulumkisa ngezikhukula kwaye batyala imali ekuthengeni izixhobo zokulinganisa imvula ukulungiselela ngcono iimeko zemozulu ezinzima. Usetyenziso oluphambili lubandakanya izikhululo zemozulu, ezolimo ngobuchule, kunye nezisombululo zokujongwa kwezikhukhula zasezidolophini.

IYurophu (eJamani, eUK, eNetherlands)
Amazwe aseYurophu ahamba phambili ekwamkeleni ukuqokelelwa kwedatha yemvula echanekileyo ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo yemozulu ye-EU. Iiprojekthi ezijolise kwizixeko ezihlakaniphile, ezifana neenkqubo zokukhusela izikhukhula zaseNetherlands, zithembele kakhulu kwi-high-chaneka ephezulu ye-share gauge sensors. Ezona zicelo ziphambili kulo mmandla zibandakanya ukujongwa kwamanzi, iinkqubo zokukhupha amanzi ngobuchule, kunye nezikhululo zemozulu kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya.

EAsia (eTshayina, eIndiya, kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia)
Ukwakhiwa kweTshayina “kwizixeko zesipontshi” kunye namalungiselelo aseIndiya exesha lemvula (Aprili ukuya kuJuni) aqhuba imfuno yezinzwa zemvula. La manyathelo agxile ekwandiseni iinkqubo zokulumkisa ngezikhukula kunye nokuphucula izibonelelo zolawulo lwamanzi. Izicelo kulo mmandla ziquka ukuphuculwa kokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo, ukujongwa kwamanzi ezidolophini, kunye neeprojekthi zogcino lwamanzi.

UMzantsi Melika (eBrazil, eArgentina)
EMzantsi Melika, ukuphela kwexesha lemvula (ngo-Oktobha ukuya ku-Epreli) kukhuthaza oorhulumente ukuba baqinise uhlalutyo lwedatha yemvula. Izityalo ezikhulu ezifana nekofu kunye neembotyi zesoya zixhomekeke ekujongweni kwemvula ngokuchanekileyo. Ezona zicelo ziphambili apha ziquka izikhululo zemozulu zezolimo kunye neenkqubo zokulumkisa kwangethuba ngomlilo wamahlathi.

kuMbindi Mpuma (Saudi Arabia, UAE)
Kwimimandla eyinkqantosi yoMbindi Mpuma, kukho imfuneko ebalulekileyo yokubeka iliso kwiziganeko ezinqabileyo zokuna kweemvula ukuze kwandiswe ukwabiwa kobutyebi bamanzi. Amanyathelo esixeko ahlakaniphile, afana nalawo aseDubai, adibanisa izinzwa zemozulu ukuphucula ukomelela kwedolophu. Izicelo eziphambili ziquka uphando lwemozulu yasentlango kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezihlakaniphile.

Izicelo eziphambili kunye noHlalutyo lokuSetyenziswa

Kwihlabathi liphela, usetyenziso oluphambili lwezinzwa zokulinganisa imvula zahlulwa ngokwamaqela aliqela:

1. UkuJonga iMeteorological and Hydrological Monitoring
   Amazwe afana ne-USA, i-Europe, i-China, ne-Indiya agxile ekuhambiseni izikhululo zemozulu, iinkqubo zokulumkisa ngezikhukula, kunye nokubeka iliso kwinqanaba lomlambo.

2. ULimo oluhlakaniphile
   I-United States, iBrazil, kunye ne-Indiya zisebenzisa izixhobo zokujonga imvula ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokwandisa imodeli yokukhula kwezityalo.

3. Ulawulo lwezandyondyo zeDolophu kunye noGutyulo
   I-China, i-Netherlands, kunye ne-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia babeka phambili ukubeka esweni imvula ngexesha lokwenyani ukunqanda izikhukhula zasedolophini.

4. Isikhululo seenqwelomoya kunye neZikhululo zeMeteorological zoThutho
   Amazwe afana ne-USA, iJamani, kunye ne-Japan aphumeza iinkqubo zokulumkisa ngokuqokelelwa kwamanzi kumzila weenqwelo-moya ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwinqwelomoya.

5. UPhando kunye noPhando lweMozulu
   Kwihlabathi jikelele, ngakumbi kuMntla Yurophu nakuMbindi Mpuma, kukho imfuno yohlalutyo lwedatha yexesha elide kunye nophuhliso lwemodeli yemozulu.

Ukuqukumbela

Imfuno ekhulayo yezixhobo zokulinganisa imvula ibonisa utshintsho olubalulekileyo olubhekiselele ekuphuculweni kokulungela imozulu kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo ezizinzileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Njengoko iinkokeli zeshishini zilungiselela ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno, izisombululo ezintsha ziya kubaluleka.

Ngolwazi olongezelelekileyo lwesivamvo semvula, nceda uqhagamshelane neHonde Technology Co., LTD.
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Le marike ikhulayo ayimeli kuphela ithuba lokuqamba izinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe be-hydrometric kodwa inyathelo eliyimfuneko ekuthomalaliseni iimpembelelo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kwiminyaka ezayo.