Eyona nto iphambili kwi-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ikukubona ngokuchanekileyo indawo yelanga kunye nohlengahlengiso lokuqhuba. Ndiza kudibanisa usetyenziso lwayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye ndichaze umgaqo wayo wokusebenza ngokweenkcukacha ukusuka kwiikhonkco ezintathu eziphambili: ukufunyanwa kwe-sensor, uhlalutyo lwenkqubo yolawulo kunye nokwenza izigqibo, kunye nohlengahlengiso lokudluliselwa koomatshini.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo usekelwe ikakhulu ekubekweni esweni ngexesha langempela kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lwendawo yelanga. Ngokusebenza okudibeneyo kwezinzwa, iinkqubo zolawulo kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa oomatshini, ifezekisa ukulandelwa kwelanga ngokuzenzekelayo, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukufunyanwa kwendawo yelanga: I-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ixhomekeke kwiisensa ezininzi ukuze ibone indawo yelanga ngexesha langempela. Eziqhelekileyo ziquka indibaniselwano yeesensa ze-photoelectric kunye neendlela zokubala ikhalenda yeenkwenkwezi. Iisensa ze-photoelectric zihlala zenziwe ziiseli ezininzi ze-photovoltaic ezisasazwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kukhanya, ubukhali bokukhanya obufunyanwa yiseli nganye ye-photovoltaic buhlukile. Ngokuthelekisa imiqondiso yokukhupha yeeseli ezahlukeneyo ze-photovoltaic, ii-azimuth kunye nee-angles zokuphakama kwelanga zinokumiselwa. Imithetho yokubala ikhalenda yeenkwenkwezi isekelwe kwimithetho yokuguquka koMhlaba kunye nokujikeleza kweLanga, idityaniswe nolwazi olufana nomhla, ixesha, kunye nendawo, ukubala indawo yethiyori yeLanga esibhakabhakeni ngeemodeli zezibalo ezicwangcisiweyo. Kwimeko yezikhululo zamandla elanga ezinkulu, iisensa ze-solar position ezichanekileyo kakhulu zibonelela ngenkxaso yedatha yohlengahlengiso olulandelayo ngokujonga ii-azimuth kunye nee-angles zokuphakama kwelanga.
Ukucubungula imiqondiso kunye nokwenza izigqibo zolawulo: Isignali yendawo yelanga efunyenwe yi-sensor idluliselwa kwinkqubo yolawulo, edla ngokuba yi-microprocessor efakwe ngaphakathi okanye inkqubo yolawulo lwekhompyutha. Inkqubo yolawulo ihlalutya kwaye isebenze imiqondiso, ithelekisa indawo yokwenyani yelanga efunyenwe yi-sensor kunye ne-Angle yangoku yephaneli ye-photovoltaic okanye izixhobo zokujonga, kwaye ibala umahluko we-Angle ekufuneka ulungiswe. Emva koko, ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso solawulo esimiselweyo kunye ne-algorithm, imiyalelo yolawulo ehambelanayo iyaveliswa ukuqhuba isixhobo sokudlulisa umatshini sokulungiswa kwe-Angle. Kwiimeko zophando lwesayensi yeenkwenkwezi, emva kokuseta iiparameter zokujonga ngesoftware yekhompyutha, inkqubo yolawulo inokuhlalutya ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye igqibe indlela yokulungisa i-Angle yezixhobo zokujonga ngokwenkqubo emiselweyo.
Ukuhanjiswa koomatshini kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-Engela: Imiyalelo ekhutshwa yinkqubo yolawulo idluliselwa kwisixhobo sokuhambisa umatshini. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhambisa umatshini ziquka iintonga zombane, ii-stepper motors ezidityaniswe neegiya okanye izikrufu ze-lead, njl. Xa ifumana umyalelo, isixhobo sokuhambisa umatshini siya kuqhuba inkxaso yephaneli ye-photovoltaic okanye inkxaso yesixhobo sokujonga ukuba ijikeleze okanye ithambe njengoko kufuneka, ilungise iphaneli ye-photovoltaic okanye isixhobo sokujonga ukuba sime nkqo okanye kwi-Engela ethile yokukhanya kwelanga. Umzekelo, kwimeko yeenkqubo ze-photovoltaic ze-greenhouse yezolimo, i-single-axis automatic fully automatic solar tracker ilungisa i-Engela yeephaneli ze-photovoltaic ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuhambisa umatshini ngokwemiyalelo yenkqubo yolawulo, iqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zifumana ukukhanya okwaneleyo ngelixa zifezekisa ukwamkelwa kakuhle kwemisebe yelanga.
Impendulo kunye noLungiso: Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokulandelela, inkqubo iya kwazisa nendlela yokuphendula. Ii-Angle sensors zihlala zifakelwa kwizixhobo zokuhambisa umbane ukuze zijonge i-Angle yokwenyani yeepaneli ze-photovoltaic okanye izixhobo zokujonga ngexesha langempela kwaye zibuyisele olu lwazi lwe-Angle kwinkqubo yolawulo. Inkqubo yolawulo ithelekisa i-Angle yokwenyani ne-Angle ekujoliswe kuyo. Ukuba kukho ukuphambuka, iya kukhupha umyalelo wokulungisa kwakhona ukulungisa i-Angle kwaye iqinisekise ukuchaneka kokulandelela. Ngokufumana okuqhubekayo, ukubala, ukulungiswa kunye nempendulo, i-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo inokulandelela ngokuqhubekayo nangokuchanekileyo utshintsho kwindawo yelanga.
Ityala lokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kombane kwizikhululo zamandla elanga ezinkulu
(1) Imvelaphi yeProjekthi
Isikhululo samandla elanga esikhulu esixhonywe emhlabeni eMelika sinomthamo ofakelweyo weemegawatt ezingama-50. Ekuqaleni sasisebenzisa izibiyeli ezizinzileyo ukufaka iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic. Ngenxa yokungakwazi ukulandela utshintsho kwindawo yelanga ngexesha langempela, ubungakanani bemitha yelanga efunyenwe ziiphaneli ze-photovoltaic babulinganiselwe, nto leyo ebangele ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvelisa umbane okuphantsi. Ingakumbi kusasa nangokuhlwa kakhulu kwaye ngexesha lokutshintsha kwexesha lonyaka, ilahleko yokuvelisa umbane yayibalulekile. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuvelisa umbane kwisikhululo samandla, umqhubi wesikhululo samandla ugqibe ekubeni angenise i-solar tracker ezenzekelayo.
(2) Izisombululo
Buyisela iibrakethi zephaneli ye-photovoltaic kwiibhetshi ngaphakathi kwisikhululo samandla kwaye ufake ii-solar trackers ezizenzekelayo ezi-dual-axis. Le tracker ijonga ii-azimuth kunye nee-engile zokuphakama kwelanga ngexesha langempela ngokusebenzisa ii-sensors zesikhundla selanga ezichanekileyo kakhulu. Idityaniswe nenkqubo yolawulo ephucukileyo, iqhuba i-bracket ukuze ilungise ngokuzenzekelayo i-Engela yeephaneli ze-photovoltaic, iqinisekise ukuba iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic zihlala zithe nkqo elangeni. Okwangoku, i-tracker iqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo yolawulo olukrelekrele yesikhululo samandla ukuze kufezekiswe ukujonga okukude kunye nesilumkiso sangaphambi kwexesha.
(3) Isiphumo sokuSebenza
Emva kokufaka i-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla kwisikhululo samandla elanga kuphuculwe kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ukuveliswa kwamandla ngonyaka kunyuke ngama-25% ukuya kuma-30% xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambili, kunye nokwanda okukhulu kokuveliswa kwamandla okuqhelekileyo kwemihla ngemihla. Ngamaxesha aneemeko ezimbi zokukhanya ezifana nobusika neentsuku zemvula, inzuzo yokuveliswa kwamandla iyabonakala nangakumbi. Imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali lwesikhululo samandla inyuke kakhulu, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iindleko zokuhlaziya izixhobo zibuyiselwe kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo.
Ityala lokubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kweendawo ekuqwalaselweni kophando lwesayensi yeenkwenkwezi
(1) Imvelaphi yeProjekthi
Xa iziko elithile lophando lweenkwenkwezi eRashiya lalisenza uphando lokujonga ilanga, ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zokujonga ngesandla kwendabuko akuzange kuhlangabezane neemfuno zokulandelela ilanga ngokuchanekileyo nangokude, okwenza kube nzima ukufumana idatha yelanga eqhubekayo nechanekileyo. Ukuphucula umgangatho wophando lwesayensi nokujonga, iziko ligqibe ekubeni lisebenzise izixhobo zokulandelela ilanga ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ukunceda ekujongeni.
(2) Izisombululo
Kukhethwa i-solar tracker echanekileyo ngokupheleleyo eyenzelwe uphando lwesayensi. Ukuchaneka kwendawo yale tracker kunokufikelela kwi-0.1°, kwaye inamandla aphezulu okuzinza kunye nokuchasana nokuphazamiseka. I-tracker iqhagamshelwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye ilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo nezixhobo zokujonga uphando lwesayensi ezifana neeteleskopu zelanga kunye nee-spectrometer. Iiparamitha zokujonga zisetwa ngesoftware yekhompyutha, evumela i-tracker ukuba ilungise ngokuzenzekelayo i-Engela yezixhobo zokujonga ngokwenkqubo emiselweyo kwaye ilandele umkhondo welanga ngexesha langempela.
(3) Isiphumo sokuSebenza
Emva kokuba isixhobo sokulandelela ilanga esizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo sisetyenziswe, abaphandi banokufikelela ngokulula ekulandeleni nasekujongeni ilanga ixesha elide nangokuchanekileyo. Ukuqhubeka nokuchaneka kwedatha yokujonga kuphuculwe kakhulu, okunciphisa ngempumelelo ukulahleka kwedatha kunye neempazamo ezibangelwa kukulungiswa kwezixhobo ngexesha. Ngoncedo lwale ndlela yokulandelela, iqela lophando lifumene ngempumelelo idatha eninzi yomsebenzi welanga kwaye lifumene iziphumo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zophando lwesayensi kwimimandla efana nophando lwelanga kunye nokujonga i-coronal.
Ityala lokwenziwa ngcono ngokubambisana kweenkqubo ze-photovoltaic kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo zezolimo
(1) Imvelaphi yeProjekthi
Kwindlu ethile yezityalo ezisebenzisa i-photovoltaic eBrazil, iiphaneli ze-photovoltaic zifakelwa ngendlela emiselweyo. Nangona ihlangabezana neemfuno zokukhanya zezityalo ezingaphakathi kwindlu yezityalo, ayikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla elanga ukuvelisa umbane. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukulungelelaniswa kwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic kunye nokwandisa ingeniso epheleleyo yezindlu zezityalo, umqhubi ugqibe ekubeni afake izixhobo zokulandelela amandla elanga ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo.
(2) Izisombululo
Faka i-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ene-axis enye. Le tracker inokulungisa i-Angle yeepaneli ze-photovoltaic ngokwendawo yelanga. Phantsi kwengcamango yokuqinisekisa ubude kunye nobukhali bokukhanya kwelanga kwizityalo ezingaphakathi kwi-greenhouse, inokufumana imitha yelanga kakhulu. Ngenkqubo yokulawula ekrelekrele, uluhlu lohlengahlengiso lwee-Angle zeepaneli ze-photovoltaic lunokubekwa ukuthintela ukukhanya kwelanga okugqithisileyo kwiipaneli ze-photovoltaic ekuchaphazeleni ukukhula kwezityalo. Okwangoku, i-tracker iqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo yokujonga okusingqongileyo kwe-greenhouse ukuze ilungise i-Angle yeepaneli ze-photovoltaic ngexesha langempela ngokweemfuno zokukhula kwezityalo.
(3) Isiphumo sokuSebenza
Emva kokufaka i-solar tracker ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo zezolimo kunyuke malunga ne-20%, kufezekisa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezixhobo zamandla elanga ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwezityalo. Izityalo ezikwi-greenhouse zikhula kakuhle ngenxa yeemeko zokukhanya ezifanayo, kwaye isivuno kunye nomgangatho kuye kwaphucuka. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezolimo kunye neshishini le-photovoltaic kuyamangalisa, kwaye ingeniso iyonke yeendawo zokugcina izityalo inyuke nge-15% ukuya kwi-20% xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambili.
Ezi meko zingasentla zibonisa impumelelo yesicelo se-solar trackers ezizenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga neemeko ezithile okanye unayo nayiphi na imiyalelo yokuguqula umxholo, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukundixelela nangaliphi na ixesha.
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Ixesha leposi: Juni-18-2025