Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu lwehlabathi lusiya lusanda, ukuxhaphaka kunye nobukhali bemililo yamahlathi kuyaqhubeka nokwanda, nto leyo ebeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo nakuluntu. Ukuze iphendule ngempumelelo kulo mceli mngeni, i-United States Forest Service (USFS) isebenzise inethiwekhi ephucukileyo yezikhululo zemozulu zomlilo wamahlathi. Ezi zikhululo zemozulu zinceda ukuqikelela nokuphendula kwimililo yamahlathi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengoko kuchaziwe ngezantsi:
1. Ukubeka esweni idatha yemozulu ngexesha langempela
Umsebenzi ophambili wezikhululo zemozulu ezitshisa amahlathi kukujonga iiparameter eziphambili zemozulu ngexesha langempela, kuquka:
Ubushushu kunye nokufuma: Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphantsi zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela imililo yamahlathi. Ngokuhlala ujonga utshintsho lobushushu kunye nokufuma, izitishi zemozulu zinokubona ngokukhawuleza amaxesha omngcipheko ophezulu womlilo.
Isantya somoya kunye necala: Umoya yinto ephambili echaphazela isantya sokusasazeka komlilo. Izitishi zemozulu zinokujonga isantya somoya kunye necala ngexesha langempela ukunceda ukuqikelela indlela kunye nesantya sokusasazeka komlilo.
Ukuna kwemvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba: Ukuna kwemvula kunye nokufuma komhlaba kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukoma kwezityalo. Ngokujonga le datha, izitishi zemozulu zinokuvavanya amathuba kunye nobukhulu bomlilo.
Le datha yexesha langempela idluliselwa kwiZiko leSizwe lokuQaphela uMlilo (NFPC) ngeenethiwekhi zesathelayithi kunye nomhlaba, nto leyo enika isiseko esibalulekileyo sezilumkiso zomlilo.
2. Uvavanyo lomngcipheko womlilo kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba
Ngokusekelwe kwidatha eqokelelwe sisikhululo semozulu, iZiko leSizwe lokuQikelela uMlilo liyakwazi ukwenza uvavanyo lomngcipheko womlilo kunye nokukhupha ulwazi oluhambelanayo lwesilumkiso kwangethuba. Amanyathelo athile ngala alandelayo:
Uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye nomzekelo: Usebenzisa ii-algorithms eziphambili kunye neemodeli, hlalutya idatha yemozulu ukuvavanya amathuba kunye nempembelelo enokubakho yomlilo.
Ulwahlulo lwenqanaba lomngcipheko: Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zohlalutyo, umngcipheko womlilo wahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, njengomngcipheko ophantsi, ophakathi, ophezulu, kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu.
Ukukhululwa kwengeniso: Ngokwenqanaba lomngcipheko, ulwazi lwesilumkiso sokukhululwa komlilo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukukhumbuza amasebe afanelekileyo kunye noluntu ukuba bathathe amanyathelo okuthintela.
Umzekelo, phantsi kweemeko zemozulu zobushushu obuphezulu, ukufuma okuphantsi kunye nomoya onamandla, iziko lesilumkiso kwangethuba linokukhupha isilumkiso esinobungozi obukhulu, licebisa abemi ukuba baphephe imisebenzi yangaphandle kwiindawo zamahlathi kwaye baqinise amanyathelo okuthintela umlilo.
3. Ukulinganisa ukusasazeka komlilo kunye nokuqikelela indlela
Idatha evela kwisikhululo semozulu ayisetyenziselwa nje kuphela ukulumkisa umlilo kwangethuba, kodwa ikwasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukusasazeka komlilo kunye nokuqikelela indlela. Ngokudibanisa idatha yemozulu kunye neenkqubo zolwazi lwejografi (GIS), abaphandi banokwenza oku kulandelayo:
Lingisa ukusasazeka komlilo: Sebenzisa iimodeli zekhompyutha ukulinganisa indlela yokusasazeka komlilo kunye nesantya somlilo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.
Ukuqikelela iindawo ezichaphazelekileyo ngumlilo: Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zokulinganisa, ukuqikelela iindawo ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke ngumlilo kunceda ekuphuhliseni izicwangciso zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza ezisebenzayo.
Umzekelo, emva kokuba umlilo uqalile, idatha evela kwizikhululo zemozulu ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlaziya iimodeli zokusasazeka komlilo ngexesha langempela, ukunceda amasebe omlilo ukuba athumele izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi ngokuchanekileyo.
4. Ukusabela kwimeko kaxakeka kunye nokwabiwa kwezixhobo
Idatha yemozulu enikezelwa zizikhululo zemozulu ibalulekile ekuphenduleni kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo nasekwabiweni kwezixhobo:
Ukwabiwa kwezixhobo zomlilo: Ngokusekelwe kwiingozi zomlilo kunye neendlela zokusasazeka, amasebe omlilo anokwabela abacimi-mlilo nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ezifana neelori zomlilo kunye neenqwelo-moya zokucima umlilo.
Ukususwa kwabantu kunye nokuhlala kwabasebenzi ngokutsha: Xa umlilo usongela indawo yokuhlala, idatha evela kwizikhululo zemozulu inokunceda ekuchongeni iindlela ezilungileyo zokuphuma kunye neendawo zokuhlala ngokutsha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabemi.
Inkxaso yezothutho: Idatha yemozulu ingasetyenziselwa inkxaso yezothutho ukuqinisekisa ukuba abacimi-mlilo nezixhobo zisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokulwa nomlilo.
5. Ukukhuselwa nokubuyiselwa kwendalo
Ukongeza ekuthinteleni nasekuphenduleni umlilo, idatha evela kwizikhululo zemozulu ikwasetyenziselwa ukhuseleko kunye nokubuyiselwa kwendalo:
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo yendalo: Ngokuhlalutya idatha yemozulu, abaphandi banokuvavanya impembelelo yexesha elide yomlilo kwiindawo eziphilayo baze baphuhlise izicwangciso zokubuyisela izinto eziphilayo kwindawo eziphilayo.
Ulawulo lwezityalo: Idatha yemozulu inokunceda ekuphuhliseni amaqhinga olawulo lwezityalo, njengokulawula ukukhula kwezityalo ezitshayo kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho umlilo.
Uphando lotshintsho lwemozulu: Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha yemozulu yexesha elide kunye nohlalutyo kunokunceda ekufundeni impembelelo yotshintsho lwemozulu kwiinkqubo zendalo zamahlathi kwaye kunike isiseko sokuphuhlisa amanyathelo okukhusela asebenzayo ngakumbi.
6. Intsebenziswano yoluntu kunye nemfundo yoluntu
Idatha evela kwisikhululo semozulu ikwasetyenziselwa ukuxhasa intsebenziswano yoluntu kunye nemfundo yoluntu:
Uqeqesho lokuthintela umlilo kuluntu: Kusetyenziswa idatha yemozulu, uqeqesho lokuthintela umlilo kuluntu lwenziwa ukuphucula ulwazi kunye nezakhono zabahlali zokuthintela umlilo.
Inkqubo yesilumkiso sikawonke-wonke: Ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nezicelo zeselula kunye namajelo eendaba ezentlalo, ulwazi lwesilumkiso somlilo lukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kuluntu ukukhumbuza abemi ukuba bathathe amanyathelo okuthintela.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwamavolontiya: Amavolontiya oluntu ayakhuthazwa ukuba athathe inxaxheba kumsebenzi wokuthintela umlilo, njengokuncedisa ekufuduseni abantu kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yezinto ezifunekayo, ukuphucula amandla okuthintela umlilo kuluntu.
Isiphelo
Izitishi zemozulu ezithintela umlilo emahlathini zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqikeleleni nasekuphenduleni kwimililo yamahlathi ngokubeka esweni idatha yemozulu ngexesha langempela, ukwenza uvavanyo lomngcipheko womlilo, ukulinganisa iindlela zokusasazeka komlilo, kunye nokunceda ekuphenduleni ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwabiwa kwezixhobo. Ezi zitishi zemozulu aziphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthintela nokuphendula umlilo, kodwa zikwabonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko lwendalo kunye nokhuseleko loluntu.
Ngokuchasene notshintsho lwemozulu kwihlabathi liphela kunye neentlekele zemvelo ezixhaphakileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezikhululo zemozulu yomlilo wehlathi ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuye kwabonelela ngeengcinga ezintsha kunye nezisombululo zokukhusela amahlathi kwihlabathi liphela. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuqhubela phambili iteknoloji kunye nokuqina kwentsebenziswano, umsebenzi wokuthintela umlilo wehlathi uya kuba ngowesayensi ngakumbi kwaye usebenze kakuhle, unegalelo ekufezekiseni ukuhlalisana okunemvisiswano phakathi komntu nendalo.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-24-2025