Isishwankathelo
Ngenxa yokwanda kwezolimo zasemanzini kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kolwandle, iindlela zemveli zokujonga umgangatho wamanzi azisakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zexesha langempela, ezininzi. Eli phepha lihlola ngokucwangcisiweyo imigaqo yetekhnoloji kunye nexabiso lokusetyenziswa kwezinzwa zomgangatho wamanzi ezintantayo kwiindlela zamanzi acocekileyo nakwiindawo zaselwandle. Ngovavanyo oluthelekisayo, iingenelo zokusebenza ekujongeni iiparameter eziphambili ezifana neoksijini enyibilikisiweyo, i-pH, i-turbidity, kunye ne-conductivity ziyaqinisekiswa. Ukongeza, ukuhlanganiswa kwetekhnoloji ye-IoT kwiinkqubo zokujonga ezikrelekrele kuyaxoxwa. Izifundo zetyala zibonisa ukuba le teknoloji inciphisa ixesha lokuphendula okungaqhelekiyo komgangatho wamanzi ngama-83% kwaye inciphisa ukwanda kwezifo zasemanzini ngama-42%, ibonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa ethembekileyo yokukhusela i-aquaculture yanamhlanje kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo yolwandle.
1. Imigaqo yoBugcisa kunye noYilo lweNkqubo
Inkqubo yesenzi see-multi-parameter esintantayo isebenzisa uyilo oluyimodyuli, kunye nezinto eziphambili eziquka:
- I-Sensor Array: I-optical dissolved oxygen sensor edibeneyo (±0.1 mg/L accuracy), i-pH glass electrode (±0.01), i-four-electrode conductivity probe (±1% FS), i-turbidity scattering unit (0–4000 NTU).
- Ulwakhiwo oludadayo: Indlu yepolyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu enombane welanga kunye nezinto ezigcina amanzi engaphantsi kwamanzi.
- I-Data Relay: Ixhasa uthumelo lwe-4G/BeiDou oluneendlela ezimbini kunye ne-adjustable sampling frequency (5 min–24 hrs).
- Inkqubo Yokuzicoca: Isixhobo se-ultrasonic esilwa nokungcola kwe-biofouling sandisa ixesha lokugcinwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-180.
2. Usetyenziso kwiMijelo yokuFuya iiNtlanzi zaseManzini Amatsha
2.1 Ulawulo lwe-oksijini enyibilikisiweyo ngamandla
Kwiindawo zokulima zeMacrobrachium rosenbergii zaseJiangsu, inethiwekhi yesensa ilandelela ukuguquguquka kwe-DO ngexesha langempela (2.3–8.7 mg/L). Xa amanqanaba ehla ngaphantsi kwe-4 mg/L, ii-aerator zivulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, nto leyo enciphisa izehlo ze-hypoxia ngama-76%.
2.2 Ukuphucula Ukondla
Ngokudibanisa idatha ye-pH (6.8–8.2) kunye ne-turbidity (15–120 NTU), kwaveliswa imodeli yokutya eguquguqukayo, yaphucula ukusetyenziswa kokutya nge-22%.
3. Impumelelo ekuJongweni kweNdalo yoLwandle
3.1 Ukuguquguquka kobutyuwa
Ii-electrode ze-alloy ze-titanium zigcina impendulo ethe tye (R² = 0.998) kuzo zonke iindawo zetyuwa eziyi-5–35 psu, kunye nokushukuma kwedatha okungaphantsi kwe-3% kubonwe kuvavanyo lwe-marine cage yaseFujian.
3.2 I-Algorithm yoHlaziyo lweeTide
I-algorithm yesiseko esiguqukayo isusa ukuphazamiseka okuvela ekuguqukeni kolwandle kwimilinganiselo ye-ammonia nitrogen (0–2 mg/L), nto leyo enciphisa impazamo ukuya kwi-±5% kwiimvavanyo zomlambo iQiantang.
4. Izisombululo zoHlanganiso lwe-IoT
Ii-Edge computing nodes zivumela ukucwangciswa kwangaphambili kwedatha yendawo (ukunciphisa ingxolo, ukususwa kwezinto ezingaphandle), ngelixa amaqonga efu exhasa uhlalutyo olunemilinganiselo emininzi:
- Iimephu zobushushu zesithuba seendawo ezibangela iintyatyambo ze-algal
- Iimodeli ze-LSTM zixela kwangaphambili iindlela zomgangatho wamanzi ezisebenza iiyure ezingama-72
- Izaziso ze-APP yeselula (ukulibaziseka kwempendulo <15 s)
5. Uhlalutyo lweNzuzo neendleko
Xa kuthelekiswa neesampuli zemveli ezenziwe ngesandla:
- Iindleko zokubeka esweni zincitshiswa ngama-62% ngonyaka
- Uxinano lwedatha lunyuke ngokuphindwe ngama-400
- Izilumkiso zokuqhakaza kwe-algal zikhutshwe kwiiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambili
- Amanqanaba okusinda kwezilwanyana zasemanzini aphucuke aya kuma-92.4%
6. Imingeni kunye namathemba exesha elizayo
Imida yangoku ibandakanya ukuphazamiseka kwe-biofouling (ingakumbi ngaphezulu kwama-28°C) kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-cross-parameter. Imiyalelo yexesha elizayo ibandakanya:
- Izixhobo zesensor ezisekwe kwiGraphene
- Ukulinganiswa kwerobhothi engaphantsi kwamanzi ezimeleyo
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha okusekwe kwiBlockchain
Isiphelo
Iinkqubo zokubeka esweni iiparameter ezininzi ezidadayo zimele ukutsiba kwezobuchwepheshe ukusuka "kwiisampulu ezikhawulezileyo" ukuya "kwisensi eqhubekayo," enika inkxaso ebalulekileyo kushishino lokuloba olukrelekrele kunye nolondolozo lwendalo lwaselwandle. Ngo-2023, uMphathiswa wezoLimo waseTshayina waquka ezo zixhobo kwiImigangatho yeFama yezeNdalo zoLimo lweMizimba, nto leyo ebonisa ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwixesha elizayo.
Singabonelela ngezisombululo ezahlukeneyo
1. Imitha ephathwayo yomgangatho wamanzi weparameter ezininzi
2. Inkqubo ye-Floating Buoy yomgangatho wamanzi we-multi-parameter
3. Ibrashi yokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo yesixhobo sokuvavanya amanzi esineeparameter ezininzi
4. Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli engenazingcingo yesoftware, ixhasa i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
Ukuze ufumane isivamvo samanzi esingakumbi ulwazi,
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-13-2025