Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, urhulumente waseKenya kunye nabalingane bamazwe ngamazwe baye bawandisa kakhulu amandla okuhlola imozulu yelizwe ngokwandisa ukwakhiwa kwezikhululo zemozulu kwilizwe lonke ukunceda amafama ukuba akwazi ukumelana nemingeni ebangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu. Eli nyathelo aliphuculi nje ukomelela kwemveliso yezolimo, kodwa likwabonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwaseKenya.
Imvelaphi: Imingeni yokutshintsha kwemozulu
Njengelizwe elibalulekileyo kwezolimo eMpuma Afrika, uqoqosho lwaseKenya luxhomekeke kakhulu kwezolimo, ngakumbi imveliso yamafama amancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukwanda rhoqo kweziganeko zemozulu ezimbi ezibangelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu, njengembalela, izikhukhula kunye neemvula ezinkulu, kuye kwachaphazela kakhulu imveliso yezolimo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, iindawo zaseKenya ziye zathwaxwa yimbalela ethe yanciphisa izityalo, yabulala imfuyo yaze yabangela nengxaki yokutya. Ukukhawulelana nale mingeni, uRhulumente waseKenya wenze isigqibo sokuqinisa uhlolo lwemozulu kunye nenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba.
Ukuqaliswa kweprojekthi: Ukukhuthazwa kwezikhululo zemozulu
Ngo-2021, iSebe leMeteorological yaseKenya, ngokubambisana neqela lemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, lisungule inkqubo yokufikelela kwilizwe lonke kwizitishi zemozulu. Le projekthi ijolise ekuboneleleni ngedatha yemozulu yexesha langempela ngokufakela izitishi zemozulu ezizenzekelayo (AWS) ukunceda amafama kunye noorhulumente basekhaya baqikelele ngcono utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zokumelana.
Ezi zikhululo zemozulu ezizenzekelayo ziyakwazi ukubeka esweni idatha engundoqo yemozulu efana nobushushu, ukufuma, imvula, isantya somoya kunye nesalathiso, kwaye idlulisele idatha kwisiseko sedatha esisembindini ngenethiwekhi engenazingcingo. Abalimi banokufikelela kolu lwazi ngeSMS okanye ngeapp ezinikeleyo, ebavumela ukuba bacwangcise ukutyala, ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuvuna.
Isifundo: Ziqhelanise neKitii County
I-Kitui County ngummandla owomileyo kwimpuma yeKenya ekudala ujongene nokunqongophala kwamanzi kunye nokusilela kwezityalo. Ngo-2022, idolophu yafakela izikhululo zemozulu ezili-10 ezizenzekelayo ezigubungela iindawo ezinkulu zezolimo. Ukusebenza kwezi zikhululo zemozulu kuphucule kakhulu amandla amafama asekuhlaleni ukuze akwazi ukumelana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Umlimi wasekuhlaleni uMary Mutua wathi: “Ngaphambi kokuba sithembele kumava ukuze sigwebe imozulu, ngokufuthi ngenxa yembalela yequbuliso okanye iimvula ezinkulu nelahleko.” Ngoku, ngenkcazelo enikelwa zizikhululo zemozulu, sinokulungiselela kwangaphambili size sikhethe ezona zityalo zifanelekileyo namaxesha okulima.”
Amagosa ezolimo e-Kitii County aphinde aqaphela ukuba ukusasazeka kwezitishi zemozulu akuzange kuncede amafama ukuba akhulise izivuno zabo, kodwa anciphisa ilahleko yezoqoqosho ngenxa yemozulu embi. Ngokutsho kwamanani, okoko kwaqaliswa ukusebenza esi sikhululo semozulu, isivuno sezityalo siye santinga ngomlinganiselo we-15 ekhulwini, yaye umvuzo wabalimi nawo uye wanda.
Intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa
Ukuqaliswa kwezikhululo zemozulu eKenya kuye kwaxhaswa yimibutho emininzi yehlabathi, kuquka iBhanki yehlabathi, iNkqubo yoPhuhliso yeZizwe eziManyeneyo (UNDP) kunye neqela lemibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente. Le mibutho ayizange ibonelele ngenkxaso yemali kuphela, kodwa iphinde yathumela iingcali zokunceda i-Meteorological Service yaseKenya ngoqeqesho lobugcisa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo.
UJohn Smith, oyingcali yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwiBhanki yeHlabathi, wathi: “Iprojekthi yesikhululo semozulu eKenya ngumzekelo onempumelelo wendlela ucelomngeni lokutshintsha kwemozulu olunokuhlangatyezwana nalo ngokuthi kuphunyezwe ubugcisa obutsha nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe.
Imbonakalo yekamva: Ugutyulo olwandisiweyo
Zingaphezulu kwama-200 izikhululo zemozulu ezizenzekelayo ezifakelwe kwilizwe lonke, zibandakanya iindawo eziphambili kwezolimo kunye nemozulu. Inkonzo yeMeteorological yaseKenya iceba ukwandisa inani lezikhululo zemozulu ukuya kuma-500 kule minyaka mihlanu izayo ukuze kwandiswe ngakumbi usasazo nokuphucula ukuchaneka kwedatha.
Ukongeza, urhulumente waseKenya uceba ukudibanisa idatha yemeteorological kunye neenkqubo zeinshurensi yezolimo ukunceda amafama anciphise ilahleko ngexesha lemozulu embi. Eli nyathelo kulindeleke ukuba liqhubele phambili liphucula amandla amafama okuxhathisa imingcipheko kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezolimo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ibali lempumelelo lezikhululo zemozulu eKenya libonisa ukuba ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa obutsha kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe, amazwe asakhulayo anokujongana ngokufanelekileyo nomngeni wokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukusasazeka kwezikhululo zemozulu akuphuculanga nje ukomelela kwemveliso yezolimo, kodwa kukwanike inkxaso eyomeleleyo kukhuseleko lokutya nophuhliso loqoqosho lwaseKenya. Ngokwandiswa ngakumbi kweprojekthi, iKenya kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngumzekelo wokumelana nemozulu kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo kummandla waseAfrika.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-03-2025