Kangangeminyaka engama-25, iSebe lezeNdalo laseMalaysia (i-DOE) liqalise i-Water Quality Index (i-WQI) esebenzisa iiparameter ezintandathu ezibalulekileyo zomgangatho wamanzi: i-oxygen enyibilikisiweyo (i-DO), i-Biochemical Oxygen Demand (i-BOD), i-Chemical Oxygen Demand (i-COD), i-pH, i-ammonia nitrogen (i-AN) kunye nezinto eziqinileyo ezimiswe (i-SS). Uhlalutyo lomgangatho wamanzi luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwezixhobo zamanzi kwaye kufuneka lulawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela umonakalo wendalo ngenxa yongcoliseko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo. Oku kwandisa isidingo sokuchaza iindlela ezisebenzayo zohlalutyo. Enye yeengxaki eziphambili zekhompyutha yangoku kukuba ifuna uthotho lwezibalo ze-subindex ezithatha ixesha, ezintsonkothileyo, nezineempazamo. Ukongeza, i-WQI ayinakubalwa ukuba iparameter enye okanye ezingaphezulu zomgangatho wamanzi azikho. Kolu phononongo, indlela yokwenza ngcono i-WQI yenzelwe ubunzima benkqubo yangoku. Amandla okusebenzisa i-data-driven modeling, oko kukuthi i-Nu-Radial basis function support vector machine (SVM) esekelwe kwi-10x cross-validation, yaphuhliswa kwaye yahlolwa ukuphucula ukuqikelela i-WQI kwi-Langat basin. Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lovakalelo lwenziwe phantsi kweemeko ezintandathu ukuze kufunyanwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodeli kwi-WQI prediction. Kwimeko yokuqala, imodeli ye-SVM-WQI ibonise amandla amahle okuphinda i-DOE-WQI kwaye ifumene amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu eziphumo zezibalo (i-correlation coefficient r > 0.95, i-Nash Sutcliffe efficiency, i-NSE >0.88, i-Willmott's consistency index, i-WI > 0.96). Kwimeko yesibini, inkqubo yokumisela ibonisa ukuba i-WQI inokuqikelelwa ngaphandle kweeparameter ezintandathu. Ngoko ke, i-DO parameter yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekumiseleni i-WQI. I-pH inefuthe elincinci kwi-WQI. Ukongeza, i-Scenarios 3 ukuya kwi-6 ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodeli ngokwexesha kunye neendleko ngokunciphisa inani leenguqu kwindibaniselwano yokufaka imodeli (r > 0.6, NSE >0.5 (elungileyo), WI > 0.7 (elungileyo kakhulu)). Xa zidibene, imodeli iya kuphucula kakhulu kwaye ikhawulezise ukwenziwa kwezigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha kulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi, yenze idatha ifikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye ibandakanyeke ngaphandle kokungenelela komntu.
1. Intshayelelo
Igama elithi “ungcoliseko lwamanzi” libhekisa kungcoliseko lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamanzi, kuquka amanzi angaphezulu (iilwandle, amachibi, kunye nemilambo) kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba. Into ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwale ngxaki kukuba ungcoliseko aluphathwa kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba lukhutshwe ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kwimithombo yamanzi. Utshintsho kumgangatho wamanzi lunempembelelo enkulu kungekuphela nje kwindalo yaseLwandle, kodwa nakwindawo efumaneka kuyo amanzi acocekileyo okubonelela ngamanzi kawonkewonke kunye nezolimo. Kumazwe asakhasayo, ukukhula koqoqosho ngokukhawuleza kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye yonke iprojekthi ekhuthaza oku kukhula inokuba yingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ulawulo lwexesha elide lwemithombo yamanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukubeka esweni nokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi kubalulekile. I-Water Quality Index, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-WQI, ithathwe kwidatha yomgangatho wamanzi kwaye isetyenziselwa ukumisela imeko yangoku yomgangatho wamanzi emilanjeni. Ekuhloleni ubungakanani botshintsho kumgangatho wamanzi, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo. I-WQI sisikhombisi esingenalo naluphi na umlinganiselo. Siqulathe iiparameter ezithile zomgangatho wamanzi. I-WQI ibonelela ngendlela yokwahlula umgangatho wemithombo yamanzi yamandulo neyangoku. Ixabiso elibalulekileyo le-WQI linokuchaphazela izigqibo kunye nezenzo zabenzi bezigqibo. Kwisikali esisuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-100, okukhona isalathisi siphezulu, kokukhona umgangatho wamanzi ungcono. Ngokubanzi, umgangatho wamanzi kwizitishi zomlambo ezinamanqaku angama-80 nangaphezulu uhlangabezana nemigangatho yemilambo ecocekileyo. Ixabiso le-WQI elingaphantsi kwama-40 lithathwa njengelingcolileyo, ngelixa ixabiso le-WQI eliphakathi kwama-40 nama-80 libonisa ukuba umgangatho wamanzi ngokwenene ungcolisiwe kancinci.
Ngokubanzi, ukubala i-WQI kufuna iseti yotshintsho lwe-subindex olude, oluntsonkothileyo, nolunokuphosisa. Kukho unxibelelwano oluntsonkothileyo olungelulo olungqalileyo phakathi kwe-WQI kunye nezinye iiparameter zomgangatho wamanzi. Ukubala ii-WQI kunokuba nzima kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide kuba ii-WQI ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iifomyula ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo enokubangela iimpazamo. Umngeni omkhulu kukuba akunakwenzeka ukubala ifomula ye-WQI ukuba iparameter enye okanye ezingaphezulu zomgangatho wamanzi azikho. Ukongeza, eminye imigangatho ifuna iinkqubo zokuqokelela iisampulu ezithatha ixesha elide nezipheleleyo ekufuneka zenziwe ziingcali eziqeqeshiweyo ukuqinisekisa uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lweesampulu kunye nokuboniswa kweziphumo. Nangona kukho uphuculo kwitekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo, ukujonga kakhulu umgangatho wamanzi omlambo okwexeshana kunye nendawo kuye kwaphazanyiswa ziindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nolawulo.
Le ngxoxo ibonisa ukuba akukho ndlela yehlabathi kwi-WQI. Oku kuphakamisa isidingo sokuphuhlisa ezinye iindlela zokubala i-WQI ngendlela ephumelelayo nechanekileyo yokubala. Olu phuculo lunokuba luncedo kubaphathi bemithombo yokusingqongileyo ukujonga nokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi omlambo. Kule meko, abanye abaphandi basebenzise ngempumelelo i-AI ukuqikelela i-WQI; imodeli yokufunda koomatshini esekwe kwi-Ai ithintela ukubalwa kwe-sub-index kwaye ivelisa ngokukhawuleza iziphumo ze-WQI. Ii-algorithms zokufunda koomatshini ezisekwe kwi-Ai ziyathandwa ngenxa yoyilo lwazo olungelulo oluthe ngqo, ukukwazi ukuqikelela iziganeko ezinzima, ukukwazi ukulawula iiseti zedatha ezinkulu kubandakanya idatha yobukhulu obahlukeneyo, kunye nokungakhathali kwidatha engaphelelanga. Amandla azo okuqikelela axhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela kunye nokuchaneka kokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nokucutshungulwa kwayo.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-21-2024