Kwiminyaka eyi-25, iSebe lezokusiNgqongileyo laseMalaysia (i-DOE) lisebenzise i-Index yeMgangatho waManzi (i-WQI) esebenzisa imilinganiselo emithandathu engundoqo yomgangatho wamanzi: i-oxygen echithwe (DO), i-Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), i-Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), i-pH, i-ammonia nitrogen (AN) kunye ne-solid emisiwe (SS). Uhlalutyo lobulunga bamanzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lobutyebi bamanzi kwaye kufuneka ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukonakala kwendalo kungcoliseko nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo. Oku kwandisa imfuno yokuchaza iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuhlalutya. Omnye wemingeni ephambili yekhompyuter yangoku kukuba ifuna uthotho lwezibalo ezithatha ixesha, ezintsonkothileyo, nezinempazamo. Ukongeza, i-WQI ayinakubalwa ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu kweeparamitha zomgangatho wamanzi zilahlekile. Kolu phononongo, indlela yokuphucula i-WQI iphuhliselwe ubunzima benkqubo yangoku. Ubunako bemodeli eqhutywa yidatha, oko kukuthi i-Nu-Radial basis function ye-vector machine (SVM) esekelwe kwi-10x yokuqinisekiswa okunqamlezayo, yaphuhliswa kwaye yaphononongwa ukuphucula ukuqikelelwa kwe-WQI kwi-basin ye-Langat. Uhlalutyo olubanzi lovakalelo lwenziwe phantsi kweemeko ezintandathu ukumisela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodeli kuqikelelo lweWQI. Kwimeko yokuqala, imodeli ye-SVM-WQI ibonise amandla abalaseleyo okuphindaphinda i-DOE-WQI kwaye ifumene amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu eziphumo zezibalo (i-coefficient coefficient r> 0.95, i-Nash Sutcliffe esebenzayo, i-NSE> 0.88, i-Wilmott's consistency index, WI> 0.96). Kwimeko yesibini, inkqubo yokwenza imodeli ibonisa ukuba i-WQI inokuqikelelwa ngaphandle kweeparamitha ezintandathu. Ke, iparamitha ye-DO yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekumiseleni i-WQI. I-pH ineempembelelo ezincinci kwi-WQI. Ukongezelela, i-Scenarios 3 nge-6 ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodeli ngokwexesha kunye neendleko ngokunciphisa inani leenguqu kwinhlanganisela yokufaka imodeli (r> 0.6, NSE>0.5 (elungileyo), WI> 0.7 (kakhulu)). Kuthatyathwe kunye, imodeli iya kuphucula kakhulu kwaye ikhawulezise ukwenza izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha ekulawuleni umgangatho wamanzi, ukwenza idatha ifikeleleke kwaye ibandakanyeke ngaphandle kokungenelela kwabantu.
1. Intshayelelo
Ibinzana elithi “ungcoliseko lwamanzi” libhekisela ekungcolisweni kweentlobo ezininzi zamanzi, kuquka amanzi angaphezulu (iilwandle, amachibi, nemilambo) namanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Umba obalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwale ngxaki kukuba izinto ezingcolisayo aziphathwa ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshelwe ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungangqalanga kwimithombo yamanzi. Utshintsho kubulunga bamanzi lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo hayi kuphela kwimo engqongileyo yaseLwandle, kodwa nasekufumanekeni kwamanzi ahlaziyekileyo kunikezelo lwamanzi oluntu kunye nezolimo. Kumazwe asakhasayo, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezoqoqosho kuyinto eqhelekileyo, yaye yonke iprojekthi ekhuthaza olu kukhula inokuba yingozi kwimekobume. Kulawulo lwexesha elide lobutyebi bamanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukubeka iliso kunye nokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi kubalulekile. Isalathiso soMgangatho waManzi, esaziwa ngokuba yi-WQI, sithatyathwe kwidatha yobulunga bamanzi kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukumisela ubume bangoku bomgangatho wamanzi omlambo. Ekuvavanyeni iqondo lotshintsho kumgangatho wamanzi, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo. I-WQI sisalathiso esingenawo nawuphi na umlinganiselo. Iqukethe imilinganiselo ethile yomgangatho wamanzi. I-WQI ibonelela ngendlela yokuhlela umgangatho wamanzi embali kunye nekhoyo ngoku. Ixabiso elinentsingiselo le-WQI linokuba nefuthe kwizigqibo kunye nezenzo zabenzi bezigqibo. Kwinqanaba le-1 ukuya kwi-100, isalathisi esiphezulu, singcono umgangatho wamanzi. Ngokubanzi, umgangatho wamanzi wezikhululo zemilambo ezinamanqaku angama-80 nangaphezulu udibana nemigangatho yemilambo ecocekileyo. Ixabiso le-WQI elingaphantsi kwe-40 lithathwa njengelingcolisekileyo, ngelixa ixabiso le-WQI phakathi kwe-40 kunye ne-80 libonisa ukuba umgangatho wamanzi ngokwenene ungcolisekile kancinci.
Ngokubanzi, ukubala i-WQI kufuna iseti yeenguqu ze-subindex ezinde, ezintsonkothileyo, nezinempazamo. Kukho intsebenziswano entsonkothileyo engaqhelekanga phakathi kwe-WQI kunye nezinye iiparamitha zomgangatho wamanzi. Ukubala ii-WQIs kunokuba nzima kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide kuba ii-WQI ezahlukeneyo zisebenzisa iifomyula ezahlukeneyo, ezinokukhokelela kwiimpazamo. Omnye umngeni omkhulu kukuba akunakwenzeka ukubala ifomula ye-WQI ukuba iparamitha yomgangatho wamanzi enye okanye ngaphezulu ayikho. Ukongeza, eminye imigangatho ifuna ixesha elide, iinkqubo zokuqokelela isampulu ezipheleleyo ekufuneka zenziwe ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ukuqinisekisa uviwo oluchanekileyo lweesampulu kunye nokuboniswa kweziphumo. Ngaphandle kokuphuculwa kobugcisa kunye nezixhobo, ukujongwa okubanzi komgangatho wamanzi emilambo okwethutyana kunye nendawo kuye kwaphazanyiswa ziindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nolawulo.
Le ngxoxo ibonisa ukuba akukho ndlela yehlabathi kwi-WQI. Oku kuphakamisa imfuno yokuphuhlisa iindlela ezizezinye zokubala i-WQI ngendlela esebenzayo nechanekileyo. Uphuculo olunjalo lunokuba luncedo kubalawuli bobutyebi bokusingqongileyo ukuze babeke iliso kwaye bavavanye umgangatho wamanzi omlambo. Kulo mongo, abanye abaphandi basebenzise ngempumelelo i-AI ukuqikelela i-WQI; Ukufundwa komatshini okusekwe kwi-Ai kuthintela ukubala kwesalathiso esisezantsi kwaye kuvelise ngokukhawuleza iziphumo ze-WQI. I-Ai-based based learning algorithms ifumana ukuthandwa ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okungaqhelekanga, ukukwazi ukuqikelela iziganeko ezinzima, ukukwazi ukulawula iiseti zedatha enkulu kuquka idatha yobukhulu obuhlukeneyo, kunye nokungabi namvakalelo kwidatha engaphelelanga. Amandla abo okuxela kwangaphambili axhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela kunye nokuchaneka kokuqokelela idatha kunye nokucubungula.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-21-2024