Nangona kukho iingozi ezikhulayo ezifana nezikhukula kunye nembalela kwiindawo ezithile zehlabathi kunye noxinzelelo olukhulayo kwimithombo yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organisation iza kuqinisa ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso sayo sokusebenza se-hydrology.
Izandla ezibambe amanzi
Nangona kukho iingozi ezikhulayo ezifana nezikhukula kunye nembalela kwiindawo ezithile zehlabathi kunye noxinzelelo olukhulayo kwimithombo yamanzi, i-World Meteorological Organisation iza kuqinisa ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso sayo sokusebenza se-hydrology.
INdibano yeentsuku ezimbini yoLawulo lweMitha yeHlabathi (Hydrological Assembly) ibibanjelwe ngexesha leNgqungquthela yeMeteorological yeHlabathi ukubonisa indima ephambili ye-hydrology kwindlela yeNkqubo yoMhlaba ye-WMO nakwiphulo le-Early Warnings For All.
ICongress iqinise umbono wayo wexesha elide we-hydrology. Ivumile amanyathelo aqinisiweyo okuqikelela izikhukhula. Ikwaxhase injongo ephambili yeNkqubo yoLawulo lweMbalela eDibeneyo yokuphuhlisa ulungelelwaniso lwehlabathi lwemizamo yokuqinisa ukujonga imbalela, ukuchongwa komngcipheko, ukuqikelela imbalela kunye neenkonzo zokulumkisa kwangethuba. Ixhase ukwandiswa kweHelpDesk ekhoyo yoLawulo lweZikhukhula eDibeneyo kunye neHelpDesk yoLawulo lweMbalela eDibeneyo (IDM) ukuxhasa ulawulo lwemithombo yamanzi ngokupheleleyo.
Phakathi kowama-1970 nowama-2021, iintlekele ezinxulumene nezikhukula zazixhaphake kakhulu ngokwenani lazo. Iinkanyamba zaseTropiki – ezidibanisa umoya ovuthuzayo, imvula kunye neengozi zezikhukula – zazizezona zibangela ilahleko ebantwini nakwezoqoqosho.
Imbalela eHorn of Africa, kwiindawo ezinkulu zaseMzantsi Melika nakwinxalenye yeYurophu, kunye nezikhukula ezitshabalalisayo ePakistan zitshintshe ubomi bezigidi zabantu kunyaka ophelileyo. Imbalela yajika yaba zizikhukula kwiindawo ezithile zaseYurophu (kumantla e-Itali naseSpain) naseSomalia njengoko kwakuqhubeka iCongress - nto leyo ebonisa kwakhona ukwanda kobunzima beziganeko zamanzi ezigqithisileyo kwixesha lotshintsho lwemozulu.
Okwangoku, abantu abaziibhiliyoni ezi-3.6 bajongene nokufikelela ngokwaneleyo emanzini ubuncinane ngenyanga ngonyaka kwaye oku kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke kuye kuthi ga kwi-5 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2050, ngokutsho kwe-State of Global Water Resources ye-WMO. Ukunyibilika kweqhwa kuzisa umngcipheko wokunqongophala kwamanzi kwizigidi ezininzi - kwaye ngenxa yoko iCongress iphakamise utshintsho kwi-cryosphere kwenye yezona zinto ziphambili kwi-WMO.
“Ukuqikelelwa ngcono kwezinto ezibangela uqikelelo kunye nolawulo lweengozi ezinxulumene namanzi kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeZilumkiso Zangaphambi Kokuba Kubekho Bonke. Sifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu umangaliswa zizikhukula, kwaye wonke umntu ulungele imbalela,” utshilo uNobhala-Jikelele we-WMO uNjingalwazi uPetteri Taalas. “I-WMO kufuneka iqinise kwaye idibanise iinkonzo zamanzi ukuxhasa ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho lwemozulu.”
Umqobo omkhulu wokubonelela ngezisombululo zamanzi ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo kukungabikho kolwazi malunga nemithombo yamanzi ekhoyo ngoku, ukufumaneka kwixesha elizayo kunye nemfuno yokutya kunye nobonelelo lwamandla. Abenzi bezigqibo bajongene nengxaki efanayo xa kufikwa kwiingozi zezikhukula kunye nembalela.
Namhlanje, ama-60% aMazwe angamalungu e-WMO axela ukwehla kwamandla okujonga amanzi kwaye ngaloo ndlela ekuboneleleni ngenkxaso yezigqibo kwi-nexus yamanzi, amandla, ukutya kunye ne-ecosystem. Ngaphezulu kwama-50% amazwe kwihlabathi liphela awanalo inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho wedatha yawo enxulumene namanzi.
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemingeni, i-WMO ikhuthaza ukubekwa esweni nokulawulwa kwemithombo yamanzi okuphuculweyo nge-Hydrological Status and Outlook System (HydroSOS) kunye neGlobal Hydrometry Support Facility (HydroHub), eziqaliswayo ngoku.
Isicwangciso sokuSebenza seHydrology
I-WMO ineSicwangciso sokuSebenza seHydrology esibanzi, esineenjongo ezisibhozo zexesha elide.
Akukho mntu umangaliswa zizikhukula
Wonke umntu ulungele imbalela
Idatha yemozulu engaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nemozulu ixhasa i-ajenda yokhuseleko lokutya
Idatha esemgangathweni ophezulu ixhasa isayensi
Isayensi inika isiseko esivakalayo se-hydrology yokusebenza
Sinolwazi olupheleleyo ngemithombo yamanzi yehlabathi lethu
Uphuhliso oluzinzileyo luxhaswa lulwazi lwe-hydrological
Umgangatho wamanzi uyaziwa.
Inkqubo Yesikhokelo Sezikhukula Ezikhawulezayo
INdibano yeHydrological nayo yaziswa ngeworkshop yokuXhotyiswa kwaBasetyhini eququzelelwe yi-WMO kwisakhelo seprojekthi yeFlash Flood Guidance System ngomhla wama-25 nowama-26 kuMeyi 2023.
Iqela leengcali ezikhethiweyo kwiworkshop labelane ngeziphumo zeworkshop noluntu olubanzi lwe-hydrological, kuquka nezixhobo zokwenza inethiwekhi yeengcali ezikhutheleyo nezibalaseleyo, ukuqinisa amandla azo, nokuphuhlisa amandla azo aphezulu, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yenzuzo yazo kodwa nokusebenzela iimfuno zoluntu kwihlabathi liphela.
ICongress ivumile ulawulo lomngcipheko olusebenzayo endaweni yokuphendula ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwimbalela ngokulawula iingxaki ngendlela esabelayo. Ikhuthaze amalungu ukuba akhuthaze kwaye aphucule intsebenziswano kunye namalungiselelo okubambisana phakathi kweNkonzo zeMeteorological zeSizwe kunye neeHydrological kunye namanye amaziko avunyiweyo yi-WMO ukuze kuphuculwe ukuqikelela nokubeka esweni imbalela.
Singabonelela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zeenzwa zesantya sokuhamba kwesantya se-radar ye-hydrographic ezikrelekrele
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-11-2024