Ngenxa yeemeko zayo ezizodwa zejografi (amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, imozulu eyomileyo), ulwakhiwo loqoqosho (ishishini elilawulwa yioyile), kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwezixeko, izixhobo zokuvavanya igesi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo eSaudi Arabia kumacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanya ukhuseleko lwemizi-mveliso, ukujonga okusingqongileyo, impilo yoluntu, kunye nophuhliso lwesixeko esikrelekrele.
1. Iindawo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa
(1) Ishishini leoyile negesi
Njengenye yezona mveliso zinkulu zeoyile emhlabeni, iSaudi Arabia ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiinzwa zegesi zokukhupha, ukucokisa, kunye nokuthuthwa:
- Ukufunyanwa kweegesi ezivuthayo (i-methane, i-propane, njl.njl.) – Kuthintela ukuqhuma okubangelwa kukuvuza okanye ukuqhushumba.
- Ukubeka esweni iigesi ezinobuthi (H₂S, CO, SO₂) – Kukhusela abasebenzi ekuchatshazelweni okubulalayo (umz., ubuthi be-hydrogen sulfide).
- Ukubeka esweni iiVOC (iiVolatile Organic Compounds) – Kunciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo oluvela kwimisebenzi yepetrochemical.
(2) Ukubeka iliso kwiNdalo kunye noLawulo loMgangatho woMoya
Ezinye izixeko zaseSaudi zijongene nezivuthuvuthu zothuli kunye nongcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso, nto leyo eyenza ukuba izixhobo zokubona igesi zibe yimfuneko:
- Ukubeka esweni i-PM2.5/PM10 kunye negesi enobungozi (NO₂, O₃, CO) - Izilumkiso zomgangatho womoya ngexesha langempela kwizixeko ezifana neRiyadh neJeddah.
- Ukufunyanwa kwamasuntswana othuli ngexesha leemvula zesanti – Izilumkiso zakwangoko zokunciphisa iingozi zempilo yoluntu.
(3) Ukhuseleko lweZixeko eziNgcono kunye neZakhiwo
Phantsi kweSaudiUmbono ka-2030, izinzwa zegesi zixhasa iziseko zophuhliso ezikrelekrele:
- Izakhiwo ezikrelekrele (iivenkile ezinkulu, iihotele, iidolophu ezinkulu) – Ukubeka iliso kwi-CO₂ ukuze kuphuculwe i-HVAC kunye nokuchongwa kokuvuza kwegesi (umz., iikhitshi, amagumbi ebhoyila).
- Iiprojekthi ze-NEOM nezesixeko zexesha elizayo - ukubekwa kweliso lokusingqongileyo ngexesha langempela okudityaniswe ne-IoT.
(4) Ukhathalelo lwempilo kunye neMpilo yoLuntu
- Izibhedlele kunye neelebhu – Ilandela i-O₂, iigesi ze-anesthetic (umz., N₂O), kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane (umz., i-ozone O₃) ukuze kuthotyelwe ukhuseleko.
- Emva kwe-COVID-19 – Izinzwa ze-CO₂ zivavanya ukusebenza kakuhle komoya ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi zokosuleleka yintsholongwane.
(5) Ukhuseleko kwezoThutho kunye neTunnel
- Iitonela zendlela kunye neendawo zokupaka ezingaphantsi komhlaba – Ijonga amanqanaba e-CO/NO₂ ukuthintela ukuqokelelana komoya ongcolileyo kwiimoto.
- Iindawo zokugcina izinto kunye neempahla – Ifumanisa ukuvuza kwefriji (umz., i-ammonia NH₃) kwindawo ebandayo yokugcina.
2. Imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yeeSensors zeGesi
- Ukuthintela Iingozi – Ukufunyanwa kweegesi eziqhumayo/ezinobuthi ngexesha langempela kubangela ii-alamu okanye ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo.
- Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho – Kunceda amashishini ukuba alandele imigangatho yokusingqongileyo (umz., i-ISO 14001).
- Ukonga Amandla – Yenza ngcono umoya ongenisayo kwizakhiwo ezikrelekrele, inciphisa inkunkuma yamandla.
- Ukwenziwa Kwezigqibo Eziqhutywa Yidatha - Ukubeka esweni ixesha elide kuxhasa uhlalutyo lwemithombo yongcoliseko kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhupha ungcoliseko.
3. Iimfuno kunye nemingeni ethile yaseSaudi
- Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu – Iimozulu zasentlango zifuna izixhobo zokuvavanya ezikwaziyo ukumelana nothuli olungaphezulu kwama-50°C.
- Isiqinisekiso Esingenakho Ukuqhuma – Izakhiwo zeoyile/igesi zifuna izinzwa eziqinisekisiweyo ze-ATEX/IECEx.
- Iimfuno Eziphantsi Zokugcinwa – Iindawo ezikude (umz., amasimi eoyile) zifuna izinzwa ezihlala ixesha elide nezihlala ixesha elide.
- Imigaqo-nkqubo yoKwakha indawo –Umbono ka-2030ikhuthaza ubudlelwane bezobuchwepheshe basekhaya kubaboneleli bamanye amazwe.
4. Iindidi zeSensor yeGesi eqhelekileyo kunye neeCasi zokusetyenziswa
| Uhlobo lweSensor | Iigesi ezijoliswe kuzo | Izicelo |
|---|---|---|
| I-electrochemical | CO, H₂S, SO₂ | Iindawo zokucoca ioyile, izityalo zamanzi amdaka |
| I-NDIR (i-Infrared) | CO₂, CH₄ | Izakhiwo ezikrelekrele, iigreenhouse |
| I-semiconductor | Ii-VOC, utywala | Ukufunyanwa kokuvuza kwemizi-mveliso |
| Ukusasazwa kweLaser | PM2.5, uthuli | Izitishi zomoya ezisemgangathweni zasezidolophini |
5. Iindlela Eziza Kulandela
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-IoT - I-5G ivumela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ngexesha langempela kumaqonga aphakathi.
- Uhlalutyo lwe-AI – Ulondolozo oluqikelelweyo (umz., izilumkiso zangaphambi kokuvuza).
- Utshintsho lwaMandla aluhlaza – ukukhula koqoqosho lweHydrogen (H₂) kuya kukhuthaza imfuno yokufunyanwa kokuvuza kweH₂.
Isiphelo
ESaudi Arabia, izixhobo zokuvavanya igesi zibalulekile kukhuseleko lwemizi-mveliso, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunye neenkqubo zesixeko ezikrelekrele.Umbono ka-2030ukuqhubela phambili, usetyenziso lwabo kumandla avuselelekayo kunye notshintsho lwedijithali luya kwanda, luxhasa ukwahlukahluka koqoqosho loBukumkani.
Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli engenazingcingo yesoftware, ixhasa i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-08-2025