Izinzwa zobushushu bomoya kunye nokufuma zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa eIndiya. Iimeko zejografi kunye nemozulu ezikhethekileyo zelizwe, ukukhula kwabantu ezidolophini ngokukhawuleza, inani elikhulu labantu abalimayo, kunye nokukhuthaza kukarhulumente i-"Digital India" kunye ne-"Smart Cities" kudale imakethi ebalulekileyo yezi sensor.
Nazi iimeko zesicelo ezineenkcukacha kwiinkalo ezininzi eziphambili:
1. Icandelo lezoLimo
Njengelizwe eliphambili kwezolimo, ukujonga ubushushu kunye nokufuma kubalulekile ekwandiseni isivuno kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko eIndiya.
- Igama letyala: IiGreenhouses ezikrelekrele kunye nezoLimo oluchanekileyo
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Kumazwe amakhulu ezolimo afana neMaharashtra neKarnataka, iifama ezininzi kunye neekoperati zezolimo ziqala ukusebenzisa iinethiwekhi zesensa yobushushu kunye nokufuma ezingenazingcingo kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo kunye namasimi avulekileyo. Iisensa ziqokelela idatha yexesha langempela kwaye ziyilayishe kwiqonga lelifu.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukunkcenkceshela Okuphucukileyo: Kulawula ngokuzenzekelayo iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ngamaconsi ngokusekelwe kulwazi lokufuma komhlaba kunye nokufuma komoya, okuvumela ukunikezelwa kwamanzi xa kuyimfuneko kwaye kulondolozwe izixhobo zamanzi.
- Isilumkiso seZinambuzane neZifo: Ukufuma okuphezulu rhoqo kunokubangela izifo zefungus ngokulula. Le nkqubo ingathumela izilumkiso kwiifowuni zabalimi xa ukufuma kugqitha umda othile, nto leyo evumela amanyathelo okuthintela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Umgangatho Ophucukileyo: Kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo ezityala izityalo ezinexabiso eliphezulu (umz., iintyatyambo, amaqunube, iitumato), ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu kunye nokufuma kudala imeko-bume efanelekileyo yokukhula, nto leyo ephucula umgangatho wesivuno kunye nesivuno.
- Igama letyala: Ukugcinwa kweenkozo kunye noLogistics lweCold Chain
- Inkcazo yesicelo: I-India ijongene nokulahlekelwa kakhulu kokutya emva kokuvuna ngenxa yokugcinwa okungafanelekanga. Izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma zifakelwe kwiindawo zokugcina izinto eziphambili kunye neelori ezifrijiweyo ukuze zijongwe.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukuthintela Ukungunda Nokubola: Kuqinisekisa ukuba ukufuma kuhlala kukwindawo ekhuselekileyo kwiindawo zokugcina impahla naxa kuthuthwa, nto leyo ethintela iinkozo, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno ukuba ingaguquki kwaye yonakale.
- Ukunciphisa Ilahleko: Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kuthintela zonke iibhetshi zeempahla ukuba zonakaliswe ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kulawulo lobushushu/lomswakama, okubonelela ngeerekhodi zedatha ezithembekileyo kubanini bomshuwalense kunye nabanini.
2. Izixeko ezikrelekrele kunye neZiseko zoPhuhliso
Urhulumente waseIndiya uzimisele ngamandla ukuba enze i-“Smart Cities Mission” nto leyo eyenza ukuba izixhobo zokuvavanya ubushushu kunye nokufuma zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomaleko wokuvavanya ubushushu basezidolophini.
- Igama letyala: Izakhiwo ezikrelekrele kunye nokonga amandla e-HVAC
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Kwizakhiwo zorhwebo, izakhiwo zeeofisi, kunye neendawo zokuhlala ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwizixeko ezinkulu ezifana neMumbai, Delhi, kunye neBangalore, izixhobo zokuvavanya ubushushu kunye nokufuma zifakwe kwiNkqubo yoLawulo lweZakhiwo (i-BMS) ukulawula iinkqubo zokufudumeza, zokungenisa umoya, kunye nezokupholisa umoya (i-HVAC).
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla: Ilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ukusebenza kwe-HVAC ngokusekelwe kwidatha yokwenyani yokusingqongileyo, iphephe ukupholisa kakhulu okanye ukugqithisa kakhulu, inciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
- Intuthuzelo Yabahlali: Ibonelela ngendawo yangaphakathi ekhululekileyo nehlala ihleli kubahlali.
- Igama leTyala: Amaziko eDatha kunye nokuBekwa kweliso kokusiNgqongileyo
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Ishishini le-IT eliphuhlileyo laseIndiya ligcina amaziko edatha amaninzi. Ezi zixhobo zineemfuno ezingqongqo kakhulu zobushushu kunye nokufuma. Iisensa zijonga imeko-bume yegumbi leseva imini nobusuku.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukhuseleko lweZixhobo: Ithintela ukonakala kwezixhobo ezibuthathaka ezifana neeseva ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu okanye ukufuma okugqithisileyo (okubangela ukufuma), iqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kweshishini.
- Ukugcinwa Okuqikelelweyo: Ukuhlalutya iindlela zedatha kunokunceda ukuqikelela ukusilela kwezixhobo.
- Igama leTyala: Iindawo zikawonke-wonke kunye noKhuseleko lwezeMpilo
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19, ezinye izibhedlele, izikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, kunye neeofisi zikarhulumente zaqala ukusebenzisa iziphelo zokujonga okusingqongileyo ezidityaniswe nezinzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Intuthuzelo noKhuseleko: Ukubeka esweni umgangatho wokusingqongileyo ngaphakathi kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Nangona kungazifumani ngokuthe ngqo iintsholongwane, ubushushu obungakhululekanga kunye nokufuma kunokuchaphazela intuthuzelo yabantu kunye namazinga okusinda kwiintsholongwane.
3. Imizi-mveliso kunye noMveliso
Iinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino zinemfuno ezithile zokusingqongileyo.
- Igama letyala: Amayeza kunye neBiotechnology
- Inkcazo yesicelo: I-India yinkokheli yehlabathi kwimveliso yamayeza aqhelekileyo. Kwiinkampani zamayeza eHyderabad naseAhmedabad, iindawo zemveliso, amagumbi acocekileyo, kunye neendawo zokugcina amayeza kufuneka zithobele imigangatho engqongqo yeGood Manufacturing Practice (GMP), efuna ukubekwa esweni okuqhubekayo kunye nokugcinwa kobushushu kunye nokufuma.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukuthobela imithetho kunye noQinisekiso loMgangatho: Uqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zemveliso kunye nokugcinwa kwazo ziyahlangabezana nemigaqo, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwamayeza. Iingxelo zedatha zisetyenziselwa uphicotho kunye nokulandelelwa.
- Igama letyala: Ushishino lwempahla yelaphu
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Kwimizi-mveliso yelaphu eGujarat naseTamil Nadu, ubushushu kunye nokufuma kweworkshop kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla efayibha, amazinga okuqhekeka, kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ngexesha leenkqubo zokusonta, ukuluka, kunye nokudaya.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ukuzinzisa Iinkqubo Zemveliso: Ngokulawula ubushushu kunye nokufuma kweworkshop, amazinga okuqhekeka ayancitshiswa, nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.
4. Izixhobo ze-elektroniki zabathengi kunye nezindlu ezikrelekrele
Ngokukhula kodidi oluphakathi lwaseIndiya kunye nokwanda kwe-IoT, izicelo zabathengi nazo zikhula ngokukhawuleza.
- Igama letyala: Ii-Smart Air Conditioners kunye nee-Air Purifiers
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Ii-air conditioner ezikrelekrele kunye nezicoci zomoya ezithengiswa eIndiya ziimpawu ezifana neDaikin kunye neBlueair zinezixhobo zokuvavanya ubushushu kunye nokufuma ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Uhlengahlengiso Oluzenzekelayo: Ii-air conditioner zinokuvula/zicime okanye zilungise isantya sefeni ngokusekwe kubushushu bexesha langempela, oko konga amandla. Ezinye iimodeli eziphezulu zikwaphucula intuthuzelo ngexesha lemvula ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi yokususa umswakama.
- Igama letyala: Izitishi zeMozulu zobuqu kunye nezindlu ezikrelekrele
- Inkcazo yesicelo: Kwizixeko ezinolwazi ngetekhnoloji ezifana neBangalore nePune, abanye abantu abathanda ukusebenzisa izixhobo zasekhaya ezikrelekrele okanye izitishi zemozulu ezixhotyiswe ngeenzwa zobushushu kunye nokufuma.
- Iingxaki ezisonjululweyo:
- Ulwazi ngeNdalo kunye nokuZenzekelayo: Abasebenzisi banokujonga idatha yeNdalo yasekhaya bekude baze bamisele imithetho yokuZenzekelayo, njengokuvula isixhobo sokususa umswakama ngokuzenzekelayo xa umswakama uphezulu kakhulu.
Imingeni kunye neendlela zexesha elizayo zezicelo eIndiya
- Imingeni:
- Imozulu Egqithisileyo: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukufuma okuphezulu, kunye neendawo ezinothuli zibeka imfuneko ephezulu yokuqina kunye nokuchaneka kwezixhobo zesensor.
- Ubuthathaka beendleko: Kumacandelo afana nezolimo, izisombululo ezingabizi kakhulu nezithembekileyo zibalulekile.
- Amandla kunye noQhagamshelo: Umbane ozinzileyo kunye noqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi kunokuba yimiqobo ekusetyenzisweni kwee-sensors ze-IoT kwiindawo ezikude (nangona ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-NB-IoT/LoRa bunceda ekusombululeni oku).
- Iindlela Ezihamba Ngayo Kwixesha Elizayo:
- Ukuhlanganiswa ne-AI/IoT: Idatha ye-sensor ayiseyomboniso kuphela kodwa isetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lokuqikelela nge-algorithms ye-AI, umz., ukuqikelela isifo sezityalo, ukuqikelela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwezixhobo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nobungakanani obuncinci: Ukuvumela ukuthunyelwa kwezinye iimeko.
- Ukwenziwa kweePlatform: Idatha evela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zesensor idityaniswe kwiiplatifomu ze-smart city ezidibeneyo okanye zelifu lezolimo, okuvumela ukwabelana ngedatha kumacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye nenkxaso yezigqibo.
- Iseti epheleleyo yeeseva kunye nemodyuli engenazingcingo yesoftware, ixhasa i-RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWANUkuze ufumane inzwa yegesi engaphezulu ulwazi,
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-23-2025